Cystic Echinococcosis of the Breast - Diagnostic Dilemma or just a Rare Primary Localization.

Introduction: Although the liver and lung are the most frequently affected organs in cystic echinococcosis, the cysts may develop in any viscera and tissues. Breast is a rare primary localization with few cases described in the literature. We present an updated and systematic review and discuss the possible mechanisms of spreading, diagnostic and treatment options.

Cutaneous fistula of liver echinococcal cyst previously misdiagnosed as fistulizated rib osteomyelitis.

External fistulization or subcutaneous rupture of liver echinococcal cyst (EC) is found occasionally with total of 15 cases reported in the literature. We report a case of 60-year-old female previously misdiagnosed as fistulizated osteomyelitis of the 11(th) rib. At computed tomography scan, non-vital EC was noted in the third liver segment.

Successful emergency pancreatoduodenectomy in a non-trauma patient.

In the past decades considerable improvements in diagnostic imaging procedures, surgical technique and perioperative intensive care treatment have lead to a significant decrease in perioperative mortality and morbidity after pancreatic resection. This lead to an expansion of the indications for pancreatoduodenectomy. Little data exist in the literature on emergency pancreatoduodenectomy in non-trauma patients.

Classification of hydatid liver cysts.

A number of investigations advocate various classification systems for liver hydatid cysts. However, none permits predicting the treatment outcome or making clinical decisions regarding medical treatment; open surgery; punction, aspiration, injection, reaspiration (PAIR); or laparoscopy. An international hydatid disease registry employing an uniform nomenclature and consistent reporting methods would allow more rational comparison of different management strategies.

Gangrenous appendicitis in a strangulated obturator hernia.

Only two cases of appendicitis in strangulated obturator hernia have been previously reported. In the present case, an 83-year-old woman had fatal anaerobic myonecrosis of the thigh that resulted from gangrenous appendicitis in the right obturator foramen. Early diagnosis, prompt surgical intervention, and perioperative resuscitation are critical for survival in a case of appendicitis in a strangulated obturator hernia with thigh sepsis, especially when it occurs in an elderly, emaciated female patient.

Isolated gangrene of the round and falciform liver ligaments: a rare cause of peritonitis: case report and review of the world literature.

Isolated infection and/or gangrene of the round and falciform liver ligaments is among the rarest causes of acute abdomen. The diagnosis is based on demonstrating localized or patchy inflammatory or gangrenous changes in the ligaments without apparent etiology. We report the case of an 18-year-old male who presented with a 24-hour history of generalized abdominal pain and distention, nausea, and vomiting.