Severe mental illness, common mental disorders, and neurodevelopmental conditions amongst 9088 lower court attendees in London, UK.

Background: Court Mental Health Liaison and Diversion Services (CMHLDS) have developed in some countries as a response to the over-representation of mental illness and other vulnerabilities amongst defendants presenting to criminal justice (or correctional) systems. This study examined the characteristics and rates of mental disorder of 9088 defendants referred to CMHLDS.

Method: The study analysed service level data, obtained from the National Health Service's mental health data set, to examine characteristics relating to gender, ethnicity and comorbidity of common mental and neurodevelopmental disorders at five CMHLDS across London between September 2015 and April 2017.

Evaluation of a liaison and diversion Court Mental Health Service for defendants with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Aim: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) may present as neuropsychiatric problems as well as impairments of motor, cognitive, social and communication functioning. This study describes the introduction of a specialist service with expertise in NDD into an existing court mental health liaison and diversion service to determine if the service would impact on the health needs or disposal outcomes of defendants.

Methods: We examined referrals of defendants with NDD disorders over 30-months at a London Magistrates' Court.

Needs of Adolescents and Young Adults with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Comparisons of Young People and Parent Perspectives.

This study used the Camberwell Assessment of Need for adults with Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities (CANDID) to examine the social, physical health and mental health needs of 168 young people (aged 14-24 years) with neurodevelopmental disorders and compared young person and parent ratings of need. Agreement was poor in 21 out of 25 domains. Parents consistently reported higher levels of need than young people in the majority of domains although young people with ADHD reported significantly more needs in physical health, eyesight/hearing, seizures, other mental health problems and safety of others than their parents.

Socioeconomic crisis and aggressive behaviour of Greek adolescents.

Background: Aggressive behaviours are common during adolescence. In Greece, adolescents and their families experience a severe and enduring recession with potentially adverse impact on mental health.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the correlation between adolescents' aggressive behaviour and economic factors.

Substance and Alcohol Misuse, Drug Pathways, and Offending Behaviors in Association With ADHD in Prison Inmates.

The objective of the study is to quantify the extent of specific polysubstance use, drug transitions to current substances, and describe the association with alcohol use disorders among inmates with ADHD. We also examined health risk behaviors and patterns of offending in relation with ADHD. A total of 387 male British prison inmates were screened and interviewed via the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults 2.

Clinical service use as people with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder transition into adolescence and adulthood: a prospective longitudinal study.

Background: While Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood, little is known about the needs and service use among adolescents and young adults with ADHD. The present study followed-up a cohort diagnosed with ADHD as children and assessed their: 1) needs, 2) correlates of contact with clinical services, and 3) experiences of transition from child to adult health services.

Methods: Ninety one young people aged 14-24 were recruited from the UK subset of the International Multi-Centre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) Project.

Demographic correlates of anxiety and depression symptoms in chronic sinonasal diseases.

Objectives: To explore mental health of patients with olfactory loss due to chronic sinonasal diseases and investigate the effects of age-, gender-, and socio-economic variables on anxiety and depression symptoms.

Methodology: One hundred and eight patients (62 males; mean age: 39.78 ± 16.

Psychosocial support and cognitive deficits in adults with schizophrenia.

Background: In recent decades there has been an increasing interest in cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. However, only a few studies have examined the impact of psychosocial support on the prevention of cognitive deterioration in patients who suffer from schizophrenia.

Aim: The aims of the present study are: (1) to confirm the presence of cognitive deficits among patients with schizophrenia; (2) to explore any correlations between such deficits and a range of clinical and/or demographic characteristics of the patients; and (3) to investigate any association between cognitive deficits and psychosocial support.

Rates of undiagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in London drug and alcohol detoxification units.

Background: ADHD is a common childhood onset mental health disorder that persists into adulthood in two-thirds of cases. One of the most prevalent and impairing comorbidities of ADHD in adults are substance use disorders. We estimate rates of ADHD in patients with substance abuse disorders and delineate impairment in the co-morbid group.

Caregiver burden as people with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder transition into adolescence and adulthood in the United Kingdom.

Objective: There is increasing recognition that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with significant costs and burdens. However, research on their impact has focused mostly on the caregivers of young children; few studies have examined caregiver burden as children transition into adolescence and young adulthood, and no one has compared the impact of ASD to other neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g.

Victimization of the severely mentally ill in Greece: the extent of the problem.

Background: In contrast to extensive research on psychiatric patients' dangerousness, very few studies have examined their victimization.

Aim: The aim of our study is to record reported victimization of seriously mentally ill outpatients in Greece and compare them with healthy controls.

Method: We interviewed 150 severely mentally ill outpatients and a matched group of healthy controls using a semi-structured interview.