Comparing Self-Report vs. Performance Measures of Attentional Control and Efficiency.

The Attention Control Scale (ATTC) is a widely used self-report measure of attentional control capacities. However, research questions whether it accurately substitutes for objective attention control tasks. This study investigated ATTC's correlation with the Attention Network Test (ANT) across alerting, orienting, and executive control networks.

Instrumentation for investigation of the depth-dose distribution by the Liulin-5 instrument of a human phantom on the Russian segment of ISS for estimation of the radiation risk during long term space flights.

Described is the Liulin-5 experiment and instrumentation, developed for investigation of the space radiation doses depth distribution in a human phantom on the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (ISS). Liulin-5 experiment is a part of the international project MATROSHKA-R on ISS. The experiment MATROSHKA-R is aimed to study the depth dose distribution at the sites of critical organs of the human body, using models of human body-anthropomorphic and spherical tissue-equivalent phantoms.

[Scientific substantiation of experimental determination of the radiation effective dose in an interplanetary flight].

The present-day method of effective dose determination with a simplified human body model (spherical phantom) lacks the parameter of vehicle shielding. Introduction of the parameter will increase only the effective depth of various critical organs in the spherical phantom which can be easily accounted for during preliminary calculations. In future these facts, as well as data about impacts of the angular distribution of galactic cosmic rays (GCR), will be integrated into the calculation procedure.

[Reactive eosinophilic pleuritis].

Reactive changes in human pleura were studied 6 hrs, 1, 3 and 7 days after artificial pneumothorax. Thoracoscopically, grey-white deposits were seen which consisted of disorderly accumulation of monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and fibrin during the first hours. Later (the 3rd and the 7th days), the layer was observed formed of histiocyte-like cells and few multinuclear cells.

[The results of studies of the peripheral blood from children in Polesie District, Kiev Province and in the city of Kiev 4 years after the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

The peripheral blood of 2200 children (age: from 2 to 16 years) inhabiting the Polessye District of Kiev Province and the city of Kiev 4 years after the Chernobyl atomic station accident was studied. An analysis of results revealed the presence of hematologic changes that may be interpreted as sequels of the effect of ionizing radiation on the body, while other changes may be considered as reactive and may in most cases accompany different somatic diseases of infectious-inflammatory character.

[A karyotype and chromatin study of the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with pigmented skin neoplasms].

Rearrangements of genetic material in the peripheral blood lymphocyte nuclei have been found in patients with dysplastic pigmented nevi and malignant melanomas (15 cases), in contrast to the control (10 healthy persons). It is expressed as an increase in the number of chromosome aberrations in the karyotype and as a change of the Feulgen-positive substance correlation in the interphase nuclei of the given cells towards an increase in the active-functioning DNA structures.

[Rare lung tumors ("sclerosing hemangioma" and "intravascular sclerosing bronchioloalveolar tumor")].

4 observations of rare lung tumours are described: one case of "sclerosing haemangioma" (SH), two cases of "intravascular sclerosing bronchioloalveolar tumour" (ISBT) and one case of asymptomatic disseminated lung lesion considered as angiosarcomatous variant of ISBT with a stroma amyloidosis (it differed from classical ISBT in former observations). Although the necessity of differential diagnosis of SH and ISBT is indicated in the literature, the comparative study of these tumours shows them to be completely different morphologically.

[Cryopreservation of a suspension of fetal liver cells for clinical use].

The authors evaluate a method of procuring and preserving fetal liver cells in a medium containing low-molecular polyvynilpyrrolidon, glucose, lactose, sodium phosphate and sodiumhydrocitrate not requiring washing off. The biomaterial is stored at a temperature of -196 degrees C. The efficiency of this method of cryopreservation of fetal liver cell suspensions was confirmed by high morphological intactness, functional activity and proliferative capacity.

Electrophoretic marker of differentiated human prostate secretory epithelial cells.

Electrophoretic analysis of primordial human prostate epithelium, glandular secretory epithelium of prostate and other human tissues revealed a marker characteristic of differentiated secretory prostate cells. Being probably neither protein nor lipid in chemical nature, this marker reacted in a peculiar way with Amido Black 10B. The marker was shown to be present in prostatic secretory substance.

[Colony-forming ability of bone marrow in children with acute leukemia].

Colony- and cluster-forming ability of bone marrow cells in agar medium was studied in 6 healthy children and 13 children suffering from acute leukosis. During acute stages of the diseases colonies and clusters in agar medium consisted of granulocytic cells and their quantity depended on the safety of predecessors of bone marrow granulopoiesis. In contrast to acute lymphoblastic leucosis, acute myeloblastic leucosis is characterized by a sharp growth of cluster-forming and a less intensive growth of colony-forming ability of hemopoietic cells.

[In vitro models for research on cell differentiation and malignant degeneration in the human prostate].

The methods are reviewed for obtaining monolayer epithelium cultures both in normal and hyperplastic or malignant prostate glands. Preparation of pure epithelial tissue cultures is dealt with in detail. The major prostate cell lines are described.

[Therapeutic pathomorphosis. Effect of immunostimulator levamisole on the morphology of specific inflammation under experimental conditions].

When levamisol was added to the antituberculosis therapy of rabbits with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis, intensive infiltration of the zone of lesions with polymorphonuclear cells and their accumulation in cavities, increased numbers of giant multinuclear cells, "macrophage" transformation of epithelioid cells were observed; the caverns had one-layer connective tissue wall or underwent scarring. In treatment with levamisol alone the same morphological features were observed, however, without complete disappearance of the signs of specific inflammation and abacillation in all the animals. The animals given antituberculosis therapy alone retained the signs of specific inflammation despite abacillation.