Alpha Carbonic Anhydrase 5 Mediates Stimulation of ATP Synthesis by Bicarbonate in Isolated Thylakoids.

We studied bicarbonate-induced stimulation of photophosphorylation in thylakoids isolated from leaves of plants. This stimulation was not observed in thylakoids of wild-type in the presence of mafenide, a soluble carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and was absent in thylakoids of two mutant lines lacking the gene encoding alpha carbonic anhydrase 5 (αCA5). Using mass spectrometry, we revealed the presence of αCA5 in stromal thylakoid membranes of wild-type plants.

Perturbations of the ZED1 pseudokinase activate plant immunity.

The Pseudomonas syringae acetyltransferase HopZ1a is delivered into host cells by the type III secretion system to promote bacterial growth. However, in the model plant host Arabidopsis thaliana, HopZ1a activity results in an effector-triggered immune response (ETI) that limits bacterial proliferation. HopZ1a-triggered immunity requires the nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat domain (NLR) protein, ZAR1, and the pseudokinase, ZED1.

Identifying Type III Secreted Effector Function via a Yeast Genomic Screen.

Gram-negative bacterial pathogens inject type III secreted effectors (T3SEs) directly into host cells to promote pathogen fitness by manipulating host cellular processes. Despite their crucial role in promoting virulence, relatively few T3SEs have well-characterized enzymatic activities or host targets. This is in part due to functional redundancy within pathogen T3SE repertoires as well as the promiscuity of individual T3SEs that can have multiple host targets.

Local and Systemic Functional Responses of Mouse Macrophages to Intravaginal Infection with Type 2 Herpes Simplex Virus and Vaccination.

Activity of cathepsin D and phagocytosis of macrophages from vaginal lavage fluid, peritoneal exudation, and spleen were studied in mice of sensitive (DBA/2) and resistant (BALB/c) lines after intravaginal infection with type 2 herpes simplex virus and vaccination. Activity of cathepsin D and intensity of phagocytosis (irrespective of the macrophage source) and their ratio in BALB/c mice in early terms after infection were close to the control levels taken as a unit. In DBA/2 mice, these parameters and their balance were shifted and changes in cathepsin D activity depended on the time after challenge.

[The differences in the estimation of depression severity by psychiatrists and patients during the combined treatment with agomelatine (a multicenter study "EMOTSIA")].

Aim: To compare the prognosis of depression severity estimated by the physician and by the patient based on the treatment outcome.

Material And Methods: One hundred and seven patients with depression were examined. Mental status was assessed with HАМ-D, SHAPS, CGI-S, CGI-I, PGI-S, PGI-I and VAS.

[Dual role of photosensibilizator merocyanine 540 as a bactericidal agent and immune reaction regulator].

Aim: Develop conditions for inactivation of staphylococcus by using photosensibilizator merocyanine 540 (MC540) for the production of antigenic preparation (AP). Study some of immune reactions to AP and the possibility of regulation of DTH reaction to AP under the effect of MC540.

Materials And Methods: Merocyanine 540 (MC540, Sigma-Aldrich, Switzerland) is used in the study.

[Hygienic problems in the location of modern wind electric power stations in their design].

Hygienic aspects of the placement of wind power plants (WPP) in connection with the intensive development of wind power and the lack of systematic information on their effects of the environment and living conditions of the population are becoming more actual. In the article there are considered results of the sanitary-epidemiological expertise of the construction project of three modern large wind farm (the South - Ukrainian, Tiligulskaya and Pokrovskaya) with a total capacity offrom 180 to 500 MW of wind farms with 2.3 MW power generators of wind turbines.

Bacterial inactivation of the anticancer drug doxorubicin.

Microbes are exposed to compounds produced by members of their ecological niche, including molecules with antibiotic or antineoplastic activities. As a result, even bacteria that do not produce such compounds can harbor the genetic machinery to inactivate or degrade these molecules. Here, we investigated environmental actinomycetes for their ability to inactivate doxorubicin, an aminoglycosylated anthracycline anticancer drug.

Cryo-electron microscopy structure of the 30S subunit in complex with the YjeQ biogenesis factor.

YjeQ is a protein broadly conserved in bacteria containing an N-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide fold (OB-fold) domain, a central GTPase domain, and a C-terminal zinc-finger domain. YjeQ binds tightly and stoichiometrically to the 30S subunit, which stimulates its GTPase activity by 160-fold. Despite growing evidence for the involvement of the YjeQ protein in bacterial 30S subunit assembly, the specific function and mechanism of this protein remain unclear.

[The location of wind-mill electric generating plants: hygienic aspects].

The hygienic aspects of the location of wind-mill electric generating plants become more pressing due to the intensive development of wind-power engineering. Possible risk factors from wind-mill electric generating plants that can influence the environment and the population are considered. A 400-m control area is recommended on the basis of the made calculations of an acoustic and electromagnetic pollution area, an exposure area during emergency situations, as well the field measuring data on noise from wind-mill electric generating plants with a capacity of 20 MW, by applying 100-kW wind-mill electric generating units.

Functional activity of peritoneal macrophages from sensitive and resistant mouse strains during intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 and mucosal vaccination.

In the early period after intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (2 h), macrophages from sensitive DBA/2 mice were characterized by higher capacity to engulf the antigen, decreased function of the lysosomal apparatus, lower activity of cathepsin D, and reduced oxygen metabolism compared to cells from resistant BALB/c mice. Mucosal vaccination with herpes vaccine and hyaluronic acid promoted the increase in functional activity of macrophages and improved survival of sensitive mice (by 60%).

A proteome resource of ovarian cancer ascites: integrated proteomic and bioinformatic analyses to identify putative biomarkers.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, and disease-specific biomarkers are urgently needed to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and to predict and monitor treatment efficiency. We present an in-depth proteomic analysis of selected biochemical fractions of human ovarian cancer ascites, resulting in the stringent and confident identification of over 2500 proteins. Rigorous filter schemes were applied to objectively minimize the number of false-positive identifications, and we only report proteins with substantial peptide evidence.

[Hygienic assessment of the risk of ambient air pollution to human health in the Ukraine's industrial towns].

The paper presents the results of a hygienic analysis of ambient air pollution in 18 industrial cities of the Ukraine in 1990, 1996, and 2003 and the calculations of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic hazards of ambient air pollutions to human health. According to the calculated complex indices P, the cities were ranked by the magnitude of ambient air pollution (an environmental disaster area; extreme, severe, moderate, weak, and permissible pollution). The non-carcinogenic and (total indices, indices for critical organs and systems) carcinogenic risks were estimated for the populations of the studied cities in relation to the level of atmospheric pollution on their territories.

[Hygienic evaluation of ambient air pollution in the industrial towns of the Ukraine and assessment of its risk to human health].

The paper presents the results of a hygienic analysis of ambient air pollution in 18 large industrial towns of the Ukraine in 1990, 1996, and 2003 and calculations of cancer and non-cancer risks of atmospheric pollutions to the population's health. It also provides proposals for further development of studies.

Comparative study of macrophage response in mice after DNA immunization and infection with herpes simplex virus type 1.

Functional activity of macrophages and intensity of T cell immune response in mice were studied after intravaginal and intraperitoneal infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and DNA vaccination in combination with adjuvant treatment (recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide). DNA vaccination induced a virus-specific T cell immune response with no macrophagic inflammatory reaction. Infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 was accompanied by sustained inflammation, but not by the T cell immune response.

[The correction action of Phosprenyl and Gamavit on the functional activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages in response to high doses of Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin].

The study of the functional activity of peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice at different stages of the toxic action caused by S. aureus alpha-toxin (ST) was carried out. The analysis of the dynamics of toxic reaction revealed the main critical points of triggering necrotic processes: the first hour and day 2.

Human serum proteins preseparated by electrophoresis or chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry.

Electrophoretic and chromatographic sample preparations were compared and together detected the presence of some 600 types of protein products in human serum. Proteins from crude serum preseparated by ionic electrophoresis, chromatography, or a combination of both were analyzed. Proteins were digested with trypsin or chymotrypsin.

Mining biomarkers in human sera using proteomic tools.

One of the major difficulties in mining low abundance biomarkers from serum or plasma is due to the fact that a small number of proteins such as albumin, alpha2-macroglobulin, transferrin, and immunoglobulins, may represent as much as 80% of the total serum protein. The large quantity of these proteins makes it difficult to identify low abundance proteins in serum using traditional 2-dimensional electrophoresis. We recently used a combination of multidimensional liquid chromatography and gel electrophoresis coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-quadrupole-time of flight and Ion Trap liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify protein markers in sera of Alzheimer's disease (AD), insulin resistance/type-2 diabetes (IR/D2), and congestive heart failure (CHF) patients.

Processing of serum proteins underlies the mass spectral fingerprinting of myocardial infarction.

The MALDI-TOF spectra of peptides from the sera of normal and myocardial infarction patients produced patterns that provided an accurate diagnostic of MI. In myocardial infarction, the spectral pattern originated from the cleavage of complement C3 alpha chain to release the C3f peptide and cleavage of fibrinogen to release peptide A. The fibrinogen peptide A and complement C3f peptide were in turn progressively truncated by aminopeptidases to produce two families of fragments that formed the characteristic spectral pattern of MI.

Sequencing of argentinated peptides by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

Argentinated peptide ions are formed in abundance under matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) conditions in the presence of Ag+ ions. These argentinated peptide ions are fragmented facilely under MALDI-MS/MS conditions to yield [b(n) + OH + Ag]+, [b(n) - H + Ag]+ and [a(n) - H + Ag]+ ions that are indicative of the C-terminal sequence. These observations parallel those made earlier under electrospray MS conditions (Chu, I.

Properties of recombinant bacteriophage T4 tail sheath protein and its deletion fragments.

A vector for expression of recombinant bacteriophage T4 tail sheath protein (gp18) under control of phage T7 promoter in Escherichia coli cells has been constructed. The entire length recombinant gp18 (659 amino acids) polymerizes in vivo into extended polysheaths. To study gp18 folding mechanisms, six vectors for expression of deletion mutants have been constructed.

[Mental disorders in a pediatric clinic].

In general pediatric clinic 262 children aged 1-15 years with functional hyperthermia, functional disorders of cardiac rhythm (extrasystole, paroxysmal and recurrent tachycardia), arterial hyper- and hypotension, autonomic dysfunctions were examined. 21 children with organic cardiac diseases were examined too. Mental disorders were revealed in all the cases: mono- and bipolar affective disorders (58.

[Role of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the etiology of lung cancer morbidity among the population a of a large industrial city].

The article deals with results of studies covering the levels of carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbons including benzpyrene (an indicator) in atmosphere of various districts within an industrial city. Concentrations of toxic substances, heavy elements, radioactive aerosols in the air were also analyzed. Lung cancer morbidity among the population was studied.

[Psycho-autonomic correlations in neurocirculatory asthenia in young age].

As many as 91 patients aged 17-25 years seen at the students' outpatient hospital for autonomic disorders, namely for vegetovascular dystonia (VVD) were examined. The data of somatovegetative and psychiatric examinations were compared. It has been shown that the symptomatic diagnosis of VVD may mask both vegetative lability common to the mentally normal and practically healthy subjects and vegetative dystonia syndrome proper, which is a component of psychovegetative syndromes.