Variation in the Definitions of Urinary Retention in Studies of Intravesical Botulinum Toxin for Idiopathic Overactive Bladder: A Narrative Systematic Review.

Purpose: To categorise and quantify definitions of urinary retention reported in studies assessing botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections for idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB) syndrome.

Materials And Methods: A narrative systematic review was conducted using three databases: EMBASE (via Ovid), PubMed, and SCOPUS. Inclusion criteria comprised studies published as full-text articles in English involving adults receiving BoNT injections (any formulation) for iOAB syndrome, where urinary retention was reported as an outcome.

Comparison of colorectal cancer surgery patients in intensive care between rural and metropolitan hospitals in Australia: a national cohort study.

Purpose: A small proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) surgical patients will require an admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) within the early postoperative period. This study aimed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to an ICU following CRC surgery per hospital type (metropolitan vs. rural) over a decade in Australia.

Characterization of academic output (h-index) by Australian urologists according to gender and rurality.

Background: As the number of practicing female urologists in Australia continues to increase alongside the academic development of the specialty, it is essential to examine how gender and rurality impact academic performance and expectations. This study aims to assess differences in h-index related to both gender and rurality among Australian urologists.

Methods: We identified all active, practicing Australian urologists through the Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand (USANZ) membership database.

Outcomes after cystectomy in Australian rural and metropolitan hospitals by intensive care admissions.

Objectives: To examine demographics and in-hospital outcomes for patients admitted to Australian intensive care units (ICUs) following cystectomy of the urinary bladder. Additionally, to compare outcomes between metropolitan and rural hospitals.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was undertaken of all adult patients admitted to participating Australian ICUs (Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database) following cystectomy/cystoprostatectomy between January 2011 and December 2021.

Late erosion of an Adjustable Transobturator Male System (ATOMS) device.

Introduction: This report describes late erosion of an Adjustable Transobturator Male System device which was inserted for post-prostatectomy incontinence. The Adjustable Transobturator Male System device eroded the bulbar urethra 5 years post insertion, despite initial improvement of symptoms.

Case Presentation: Following an open radical retropubic prostatectomy, a 64 year-old male patient developed post-prostatectomy incontinence.

Rural general surgical provision from the perspective of twenty-two rural general surgeons: a thematic analysis.

Background: Australia continues to suffer from a geographical maldistribution of general surgical services with only 20% of general surgeons working rurally despite 29% of Australia's population residing outside major metropolitan centres. This qualitative study explored the impact of human capacity and infrastructure upon rural general surgery provision.

Methods: This qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews of rural general surgeons.

The provision of general surgery in rural Australia: a narrative review.

Rural surgery is most commonly provided by general surgeons to the 29% of people (7 million) living in rural Australia. The provision of rural general surgery to enable equitable and safe surgical care for rural Australians is a multifaceted issue concerning recruitment, training, retention, surgical procedures and surgical outcomes. Sustaining the rural general surgical workforce will be dependent upon growing an increased number of resident rural general surgeons, as well as changed models of care, with a need for ongoing review to track the outcomes of these changes.

Prevalence of Renal Neoplasia in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common inherited condition; however, its relationship with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unclear. This paper aims to establish the prevalence of RCC and its subtypes amongst ADPKD patients.

Methods: A database search was conducted to retrieve studies reporting RCC occurrence within ADPKD patients until July 2023.

Pre-rehabilitation interventions for patients with head and neck cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pre-rehabilitation interventions such as nutrition and exercise for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched up to December 2022. Quality of life, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, change in body mass index or muscle mass, and functional assessments were the primary outcomes.

Vasovasostomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing macroscopic, microsurgical, and robot-assisted microsurgical techniques.

Background And Objectives: Vasovasostomy is a cost-effective procedure for the reversal of vasectomy. A water-tight adequately blood-supplied mucosal anastomosis is required for better outcomes. This review aimed to compare the outcome of vasovasostomy performed by three different techniques: macroscopic, pure microsurgical, and robot-assisted microsurgical techniques.

Creating a sustainable rural general surgery workforce: what enables fellows to return as rural general surgeons?

Introduction: In the context of shortfalls in rural general surgeon supply, this research aims to explore why rural general surgical Fellows returned and remained after fellowship at a single rural centre in Victoria, Australia. Fellowship positions post achievement of Fellowship of the Australasian College of Surgeons are traditionally not funded by government because they currently fall outside the accredited rural training post funding provided by the federal government. This article aims to explore if fellowship positions can be an important part in sustaining the rural general surgery workforce.

Rural general surgeon confidence with managing vascular emergencies: A national survey.

Objective(s): Life and limb threatening vascular emergencies often present to rural hospitals where only general surgery services are available. It is known that Australian rural general surgical centres encounter 10-20 emergency vascular surgery procedures annually. This study aimed to assess rural general surgeons' confidence managing emergent vascular procedures.

Local anaesthetic infiltration in rubber band ligation of rectal haemorrhoids: study protocol for a three-arm, double-blind randomised controlled trial (PLATIPUS trial).

Introduction: Rubber band ligation ('banding') is a common approach for the management of symptomatic haemorrhoids. However, up to 90% of patients experience postprocedural pain, and there is no consensus regarding the optimal analgesic strategy. In practice, patients may receive submucosal local anaesthetic, pudendal nerve block or routine periprocedural analgesia.

Colorectal surgical management of colitis induced by vasculitis in the absence of inflammatory bowel disease: a case report and literature review.

Colitis caused by vasculitis is a rare and poorly understood pathology. Little evidence exists on its clinical presentation, path to diagnosis, and surgical management. In this report, we present a case report and literature review.

Fournier gangrene with concurrent multifocal necrotizing fasciitis: a systematic review and case report.

Purpose: A patient presented to a regional surgical center with Fournier gangrene (FG) and concurrent multifocal necrotizing fasciitis (NF). Given the rarity, it was decided to undertake a systematic review to investigate the incidence and prevalence of FG with multifocal NF and consequently determine the treatment and approach to management of such presentation.

Methods: Firstly, the report of the 56-year-old male patient is discussed regarding his surgical management.

Gallbladder-associated hospital admission and cholecystectomy rates across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (2004-2019): Are we over-intervening?

Backgrounds/aims: To investigate if the increase in the number of cholecystectomies is proportional to symptomatic gallbladder-associated hospital admissions in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: National healthcare registries were used to obtain data on all episodes of cholecystectomies and hospital admissions for patients ≥ 15 years from public and private hospitals.

Results: Between 2004 and 2019, in Australia, there have been 1,074,747 hospital admissions and 779,917 cholecystectomies, 715,462 (91.

Diagnosing with a TWIST: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of a Testicular Torsion Risk Score.

Purpose: The Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion (TWIST) score is a 7-point tool to evaluate acute scrotal pain. Parameters include testicular swelling (2 points), hard testis (2), high-riding testis (1), absent cremasteric reflex (1) and nausea/vomiting (1). This review aimed to determine the diagnostic utility of TWIST and its role in risk stratification.

Epidemiological trends of gallbladder cancer in Australia between 1982 to 2018: A population-based study utilizing the Australian Cancer Database.

Backgrounds/aims: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare neoplasm. The epidemiology of GBC has not been updated in Australia for over five decades.

Methods: Data of all Australian patients diagnosed with GBC at any age from 1982 to 2018 were identified from the Australian Cancer Database.