Evaluation of a noncontrolled, pre-euthanasia, intramuscular sedation drug protocol including alfaxalone 4%, medetomidine, and acepromazine for injured or ill raccoons.

Background: As a major animal control service provider in the city of Guelph and Wellington County in Ontario, the Guelph Humane Society transports and presents injured or ill raccoons requiring humane euthanasia to the Ontario Veterinary College Health Sciences Centre (OVC-HSC). Issues around handling, transportation, and delays before euthanasia have recently raised some concerns for welfare and the need for means of improving this process.

Objective: Investigation of a noncontrolled sedation and analgesia protocol for injured or ill raccoons intended to improve animal welfare by allowing humane handling, transport, and euthanasia following administration by an animal protection officer (APO).

Comparison of Two Different Alfaxalone Concentrations Combined with Midazolam to Anesthetize Cynomolgus Macaques () for Plethysmography.

Plethysmography is employed in nonhuman primates (NHPs) to calculate respiratory minute volume and determine the exposure time required to deliver an aerosol at the target dose. Anesthetic drugs can impact breathing parameters like steady-state minute volume (SSMV) central to aerosol dosing. Alfaxalone-midazolam mixtures (AM) provide superior parameters for plethysmography in cynomolgus macaques.

A dose characterization study evaluating the pharmacodynamics and safety of a concentrated alfaxalone solution (4%) as an intramuscular sedative in dogs.

Alfaxalone is a commonly employed veterinary anaesthetic induction and sedation agent. A 4% w/v preserved, aqueous formulation of alfaxalone 'RD0387' (A4%) has recently been developed. To evaluate the sedative effects of A4%, three doses, 5 mg kg (A5); 7.

Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intranasal atomized alfaxalone in Japanese White rabbits.

Objective: To investigate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of intranasal atomization (INA) of alfaxalone using a mucosal atomization device in Japanese White rabbits.

Study Design: Randomized, prospective, crossover study.

Animals: A total of eight healthy female rabbits, weighing 3.

Comparison of two formulations of alfaxalone for immersion anaesthesia in laboratory zebrafish (Daniorerio).

Objective: To compare two commercial formulations of alfaxalone for immersion anaesthesia in laboratory zebrafish.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded, randomized study.

Animals: A total of 20 adult Danio rerio (Tuebingen strain).

Evaluation of alfaxalone total intravenous anesthesia in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) premedicated with dexmedetomidine or dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine.

Objective: To evaluate alfaxalone for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in rabbits premedicated with dexmedetomidine or dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine.

Study Design: Crossover study (part 1) with observational study (part 2).

Animals: A total of eight New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), four female and four male, aged 12-16 weeks and weighing 2.

The utility of a novel formulation of alfaxalone in a remote delivery system.

Objective: To quantify induction time, reliability, physiological effects, recovery quality and dart volume of a novel formulation of alfaxalone (40 mg mL) used in combination with medetomidine and azaperone for the capture and handling of wild bighorn sheep.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: A total of 23 wild bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in Sheep River Provincial Park, AB, Canada.

EVALUATION OF TWO MEDETOMIDINE-AZAPERONE-ALFAXALONE COMBINATIONS IN CAPTIVE ROCKY MOUNTAIN ELK ().

Alfaxalone has been successfully used intramuscularly (im) combined with medetomidine and azaperone for immobilization of small ungulates. An experimental 40 mg/ml alfaxalone solution (RD0387) was recently formulated for reduced injection volume. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and cardiopulmonary effects of high-concentration alfaxalone combined with medetomidine and azaperone for the intramuscular immobilization of captive Rocky Mountain elk ().

Hemodynamic effects of subclinical, clinical and supraclinical plasma alfaxalone concentrations in cats.

Objective: To characterize the hemodynamic effects of subclinical, clinical and supraclinical plasma alfaxalone concentrations in cats.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: A group of six adult healthy male neutered cats.

Alfaxalone for total intravenous anaesthesia in horses.

Objective: To determine the suitability of alfaxalone total intravenous (IV) anaesthesia in horses and concurrently evaluate infusion rates, cardiovascular effects, pharmacokinetics and the quality of the anaesthetic recovery period.

Study Design: Prospective, experimental study.

Animals: Eight Standardbred horses.

Effect of fentanyl on the induction dose and minimum infusion rate of alfaxalone preventing movement in dogs.

Objective: To determine the effect of fentanyl on the induction dose and minimum infusion rate of alfaxalone required to prevent movement in response to a noxious stimulus (MIR) in dogs.

Study Design: Experimental crossover design.

Animals: A group of six healthy, adult, intact female mixed-breed dogs, weighing 19.

Pharmacokinetics of alfaxalone infusions, context-sensitive half-time and recovery times in male neutered cats.

Objectives: To determine the context-sensitive half-time of alfaxalone following intravenous infusions of various durations. To estimate the time necessary for plasma concentration to decrease by up to 95%.

Study Design: Prospective randomized and simulation studies.

Comparison of two intravenous anesthetic infusion regimens for alfaxalone in cats.

Objective: To compare the performance of an alfaxalone constant rate intravenous (IV) infusion versus a 3-step IV infusion, both following a loading dose, for the maintenance of a target plasma alfaxalone concentration of 7.6 mg L (effective plasma alfaxalone concentration for immobility in 99% of the population) in cats.

Study Design: Prospective randomized crossover study.

Effects of isoflurane, sevoflurane, propofol and alfaxalone on brain metabolism in dogs assessed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS).

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of isoflurane, sevoflurane, propofol and alfaxalone on the canine brain metabolite bioprofile, measured with single voxel short echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 Tesla. Ten adult healthy Beagle dogs were assigned to receive isoflurane, sevoflurane, propofol and alfaxalone at 3 different dose rates each in a randomized cross-over study design. Doses for isoflurane, sevoflurane, propofol and alfaxalone were F'Iso 1.

Effective plasma alfaxalone concentration to produce immobility in male neutered cats.

Objective: To determine the effective plasma alfaxalone concentration for the production of immobility in cats.

Study Design: Prospective up-and-down study.

Animals: Sixteen 1-2 year old male castrated research cats.

The pharmacological effects of intramuscular administration of alfaxalone combined with medetomidine and butorphanol in dogs.

The pharmacological effects of intramuscular (IM) administration of alfaxalone combined with medetomidine and butorphanol were evaluated in 6 healthy beagle dogs. Each dog received three treatments with a minimum 10-day interval between treatments. The dogs received an IM injection of alfaxalone 2.

Sedative effects of intramuscular alfaxalone administered to cats.

The sedative effects of intramuscular (IM) alfaxalone in 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (alfaxalone-HPCD) were evaluated in cats. The cats were treated with alfaxalone-HPCD in five occasions with a minimum 14-day interval between treatments: an IM injection of 1.0 mg/kg (IM1), 2.

The pharmacological effects of the anesthetic alfaxalone after intramuscular administration to dogs.

The pharmacological effects of the anesthetic alfaxalone were evaluated after intramuscular (IM) administration to 6 healthy beagle dogs. The dogs received three IM doses each of alfaxalone at increasing dose rates of 5 mg/kg (IM5), 7.5 mg/kg (IM7.

Clinical evaluation of alfaxalone to induce and maintain anaesthesia in cats undergoing neutering procedures.

This study looked at the use and efficacy of alfaxalone for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in cats. Following intramuscular medetomidine (20 μg/kg) and morphine (0.3 mg/kg) premedication, anaesthesia was induced and maintained with intravenous alfaxalone.

Plasma pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alfaxalone in neonatal foals after an intravenous bolus of alfaxalone following premedication with butorphanol tartrate.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the neurosteroid anaesthetic, alfaxalone, in neonatal foals after a single intravenous (IV) injection of alfaxalone following premedication with butorphanol tartrate.

Study Design: Prospective experimental study.

Animals: Five clinically healthy Australian Stock Horse foals of mean ± SD age of 12 ± 3 days and weighing 67.

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the injectable anaesthetic alfaxalone in the horse.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the neurosteroidal anaesthetic, alfaxalone, in horses after a single intravenous (IV) injection of alfaxalone, following premedication with acepromazine, xylazine and guaiphenesin.

Study Design: Prospective experimental study.

Animals: Ten (five male and five female), adult, healthy, Standardbred horses.

The cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of clinical and supraclinical doses of alfaxalone in cats.

Objective: To determine the cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of 0, 5, 15, and 50 mg kg(-1) intravenous (IV) alfaxalone in hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (Alfaxan; Jurox Pty Ltd, Rutherford, NSW, Australia) in cats.

Study Design: Four treatments of alfaxalone were administered in sequential order.

Animals: Eight healthy adult cats (four male; four female) weighing between 3.

Comparison of the anesthetic efficacy and cardiopulmonary effects of continuous rate infusions of alfaxalone-2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and propofol in dogs.

Objective: To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of continuous rate infusions (CRIs) of alfaxalone-2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and propofol in healthy dogs.

Animals: 6 young adult medium-sized healthy crossbred dogs.

Procedures: A crossover design was used with a washout period of 6 days between anesthetic treatments.

Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of clinical and supraclinical doses of alfaxalone in dogs.

Objective: To determine the cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of 2, 6, and 20 mg kg(-1) IV alfaxalone in hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (Alfaxan) in dogs.

Study Design: Blinded four-way crossover randomized by dose.

Animals: Eight healthy adult purpose-bred mixed breed dogs (four male, four female) weighing between 12 and 28 kg.

Plasma pharmacokinetics of alfaxalone in dogs after an intravenous bolus of Alfaxan-CD RTU.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of alfaxalone in dogs after the intravenous (IV) administration of clinical and supra-clinical doses of a 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) alfaxalone formulation (Alfaxan-CD RTU).

Experimental Design: Prospective two-period crossover design. Animals Eight (four male and four female) young adult healthy Beagle dogs.