Association of Protein Intake with Sarcopenia and Related Indicators Among Korean Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Due to variations in the standards for optimal protein intake and conflicting results across studies for Korean older adults, this study aimed to quantitatively integrate existing research on the association of protein intake with sarcopenia and related indicators in Koreans aged 65 and older through meta-analysis.

Methods: A total of 23 studies were selected according to the study selection criteria (PICOS). Sixteen cross-sectional studies, 5 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 2 non-RCTs were included in the review, with 9 out of 23 studies included in the meta-analysis.

Dietary Patterns Associated with Body-Composition Phenotype in a Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/objectives: There is currently limited understanding of the intricate dynamics between fat and muscle mass and the potential effect of dietary patterns. This study aimed to investigate the effects of overall dietary patterns on four body composition phenotypes associated with central obesity and low muscle mass in the middle-aged and elderly population of Korea.

Methods: We examined data from 6120 adults aged ≥ 50 years, collected during the 4th (2008-2009) and 5th (2010-2011) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Association of the dietary inflammatory index with sarcopenic obesity and frailty in older adults.

Objectives: This study examined whether a higher dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with the risk of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and frailty among Korean older adults.

Methods: A total of 950 participants aged 70-84 years, who completed the baseline nutrition survey of the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, were included in the analysis. The DII, quantifying the dietary inflammatory potential, was calculated using 23 foods and nutrients as assessed by a 24-h dietary recall.

Profiling the socioeconomic characteristics, dietary intake, and health status of Korean older adults for nutrition plan customization: a comparison of principal component, factor, and cluster analyses.

Objectives: This study was conducted to establish profiles of socioeconomic characteristics, dietary intake, and health status among Korean older adults by employing 3 multivariate analysis techniques.

Methods: Data were obtained from 1,352 adults aged 65 years and older who participated in the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Principal component analysis (PCA), factor analysis (FA), and cluster analysis (CA) were utilized for profiling, with data preprocessing undertaken to facilitate these approaches.

Development and Validation of a Perceived Community Food Accessibility Measurement Questionnaire for Korean Older Adults.

As the community food environment is known to be an important factor in healthy food choices, it needs to be measured, to increase awareness and improve healthy eating. The objective of this study was to develop a perceived community food accessibility measurement (P-CFAM) questionnaire applicable to older adults in Korea and evaluate its reliability and validity. The questionnaire was developed based on community food environment factors that were found to affect food choices in previous studies.

The level of food literacy and its association with food intake and obesity status among Seoul citizens: results from Seoul Food Survey 2021.

Background/objectives: Food literacy (FL) is a crucial skill for selecting sustainable and healthy food options, necessitating the identification of vulnerable groups in the community using valid measurement tools. Identifying weak domains in FL is essential for enhancing the overall FL. This study examined the FL levels of Seoul citizens based on their sociodemographic characteristics and assessed the relationship between FL, food intake, and weight status.

Food literacy and its relationship with food intake: a comparison between adults and older adults using 2021 Seoul Food Survey data.

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the differences in food literacy between adults and older adults and the association of food literacy with food group intake.

Methods: In total, 4,039 participants from the 2021 Survey for Food Consumption in Seoul were included in this study. The intake of whole grains, high-protein foods, total vegetables, vegetables excluding kimchi and pickles, fresh fruits, and milk and dairy products was assessed using a simple food frequency questionnaire.

Macronutrients intake and physical frailty in Korean older adults: A cohort-based cross-sectional study.

Aim: To investigate the relationship of energy and macronutrients with physical frailty in Korean older individuals who had a high proportion of energy intake from carbohydrates.

Methods: This study included 954 adults aged 70 to 84 years and used baseline data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) collected in 2016. The relationship between energy or macronutrients and frailty was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models and multivariable nutrient density models.

The effect of combining nutrient intake and physical activity levels on central obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study in South Korea.

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of combining nutritional and physical activity (PA) factors on four different categories, according to the presence or absence of sarcopenia and central obesity.

Methods: From the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2971 older adults aged ≥ 65 years were included and divided into four groups based on their sarcopenia and central obesity status: healthy control (39.3%), central obesity (28.

Who has experienced better or worse health conditions since the outbreak of COVID-19?: results from a representative cross-sectional survey in Seoul.

Background/objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the entire world population in many ways. This study aimed to analyze the patterns of changes in eating, food purchasing and preparation, physical activity, and subjective health after COVID-19 outbreak by various sociodemographic factors and to understand the factors associated with changes in subjective health.

Subjects/methods: A cross-sectional survey using a representative sample from Seoul was used for the analysis.

Regional Difference in the Effect of Food Accessibility and Affordability on Vegetable and Fruit Acquisition and Healthy Eating Behaviors for Older Adults.

The food environment has been determined to affect a range of healthy eating and health indicators, but the study on the regional difference of food environment effects on these outcomes is limited. This study aimed to examine whether food environment factors influence vegetable and fruit acquisition and healthy eating behaviors in urban and rural areas using a nationwide dataset. The study participants were community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older ( = 830) who participated in the 2019 Consumer Behavior Survey for Food provided by the Korea Rural Economic Institute.

Perspectives on the systematic review for the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans for calcium.

An accurate assessment of the recommended calcium (Ca) intake may contribute to reducing the risk of fractures and chronic diseases, ultimately improving quality of life. This review was performed to summarize key findings of Ca studies, investigate the effect of Ca intake on health outcomes, and determine the adequacy of evidence to revise the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) for Ca in 2020. Databases were searched for intervention studies that assessed health outcomes by providing Ca in diets or as supplements.

Development of the Korean Healthy Eating Index for adults, based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background/objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the development process of the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Subjects/methods: The components of KHEI were selected based on Dietary Guidelines for Koreans, domestic and overseas dietary quality indices, and results of the analysis of association with chronic diseases. The standards for scoring of KHEI were selected based on the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI).

Development of Guidelines on the Primary Prevention of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: Despite the increasing number of older adults as the population ages, there is a lack of frailty prevention guidelines for community-dwelling older adults. The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study conducted systematic review on contributors to frailty and developed guidelines on the primary prevention of frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This study updated a previous systematic review of contributors to frailty by adding the most recent articles.

Effects of Perceived Food Store Environment on Malnutrition and Frailty among the Food-Insecure Elderly in a Metropolitan City.

This study aimed to identify food environment factors in the local community that could affect the levels of nutritional status and frailty in 372 older adults (at least 65 years old) experiencing food insecurity and enrolled in the integrated Community Health Promotion Program (CHPP) in two districts of Seoul. The local food environment was assessed using perceived food store accessibility questionnaires. In order to quantify nutrient intake, the 24-h recall method was applied.

Is the Perceived Fruit Accessibility Related to Fruit Intakes and Prevalence of Overweight in Disadvantaged Youth: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Few investigations have studied the relationship between home and school food environments, fruit intakes, and prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds. This study aimed to determine whether food environments for fruit intake at household and school levels affect fruit intakes and risk of overweight among children and adolescents with low household income.

Methods: Students ( = 3148) in Seoul, Korea completed questionnaires pertaining to select aspects of their food environments, frequency of fruit intakes, and weight status.

Do Where The Elderly Live Matter? Factors Associated with Diet Quality among Korean Elderly Population Living in Urban Versus Rural Areas.

This study aimed to examine whether there is an area difference on diet quality among the Korean elderly population. The effect of personal factors on diet quality is also estimated and compared between rural and urban areas. A cross-sectional data from the 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used for this study.

Combined effects of disease management and food insecurity on physical and mental health in Korean adults.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the combined effects of disease management and food insecurity on physical and mental health in a representative Korean population.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2012-2015.

Objective and perceived food environment and household economic resources related to food insecurity in older adults living alone in rural areas.

Background: Limited attention has been paid to an association between food environment and household economic resources related to food expenditure in food-insecure seniors. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between factors of economic resource, food environment, and food insecurity in single seniors residing in rural areas of South Korea.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 170 single senior households aged 65 years or over residing in rural areas.

Protein Intake Recommendation for Korean Older Adults to Prevent Sarcopenia: Expert Consensus by the Korean Geriatric Society and the Korean Nutrition Society.

Sarcopenia, a common clinical syndrome in older adults, is defined as decreased muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. Since sarcopenia is associated with the incidence of functional decline, falls, and even mortality in older adults, researchers and health care providers have been keen to accumulate clinical evidence to advocate the screening and prevention of sarcopenia progression in older adults. The factors that may accelerate the loss of muscle mass and function include chronic diseases, inactivity, and deficiency in appropriate nutritional support.

Spatial Disparity in Food Environment and Household Economic Resources Related to Food Insecurity in Rural Korean Households with Older Adults.

Different contextual factors of a household and a community, such as access to resources and transportation, may influence the level of food insecurity. The objective of this study was to identify how food environmental factors and economic resources were related to food insecurity in Korean older adults residing in different contexts of rural areas. Face-to-face interviews with 248 older adults residing in land ( = 149) and mountain ( = 99) rural areas were performed.

Food Acquisition through Private and Public Social Networks and Its Relationship with Household Food Security among Various Socioeconomic Statuses in South Korea.

This study was conducted to understand food acquisition practices from social networks and its relationship with household food security. In-depth interviews and a survey on food security were conducted with twenty-nine mothers and one father in metropolitan areas of South Korea. Many families acquired food from their extended families, mainly participants' mothers.

Development of tailored nutrition information messages based on the transtheoretical model for smartphone application of an obesity prevention and management program for elementary-school students.

Background/objectives: Easy access to intervention and support for certain behaviors is important for obesity prevention and management. The available technology such as smartphone applications can be used for intervention regarding healthy food choices for obesity prevention and management in elementary-school students. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is comprised of stages and processes of change and can be adopted to tailored education for behavioral change.

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Sarcopenia in Korean Cancer Survivors: Based on Data Obtained by the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2011.

Using a representative dataset from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008 to 2011, we analyzed anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-determined body composition findings for 493 cancer survivors (mean age a61.1 ± 12.6 years; 35.