Agents of Change for Mental Health: A Survey of Young People's Aspirations for Participation Across Five Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Purpose: Effective intervention, policy, and research in mental health and well-being (MHWB) require young people to be understood not only as beneficiaries, but also as active agents in codesigning and implementing initiatives. To identify pathways for young people's participation in promoting MHWB in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), this study surveyed young people's aspirations for engagement, their spheres of influence, capacity building needs, and key barriers to participation.

Methods: Using U-Report, United Nations Children's Emergency Fund's social messaging tool and data collection platform, we distributed a short quantitative survey to a nonrepresentative, but large sample of young people aged 15-29 across five LMICs: Nigeria, Brazil, Jamaica, South Africa, and Burundi.

The Africa Ethics Working Group (AEWG): a model of collaboration for psychiatric genomic research in Africa.

The Africa Ethics Working Group (AEWG) is a South-South-North collaboration of bioethics and mental health researchers from sub-Saharan Africa, working to tackle emerging ethical challenges in global mental health research. Initially formed to provide ethical guidance for a neuro-psychiatric genomics research project, AEWG has evolved to address cross cutting ethical issues in mental health research aimed at addressing equity in North-South collaborations. Global South refers to economically developing countries (sub-Saharan Africa in this context) and Global North to economically developed countries (primarily Europe, UK and North America).

Debate: Promoting capabilities for young people's agency in the COVID-19 outbreak.

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a pervasive effect on young people's mental health and well-being, giving rise to feelings of deep uncertainty and lack of control. Inspired by Amartya Sen's capabilities framework, we argue that building capacity and creating opportunities for community and civic engagement during this time will help young people gain agency and well-being. We highlight two key areas for participatory engagement: coproduction of research, and peer-led interventions.

The Effect of Moral Congruence of Calls to Action and Salient Social Norms on Online Charitable Donations: A Protocol Study.

Online advertising is an important tool that can be utilized by charities to elicit attention and funding. A critical examination of advertisement strategies is thus necessary to increase the efficacy of fundraising efforts. Previous studies have shown that individuals' moral views and perceptions of social norms can play important roles in charitable behavior.

Factors determining visual outcome in endogenous Candida endophthalmitis.

Purpose: To determine factors affecting the visual outcome of eyes with endogenous Candida endophthalmitis.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 44 eyes from 36 patients diagnosed with candida endophthalmitis at 2 tertiary referral uveitis centers. Outcome measures included the development of retinal detachment and the occurrence of visual loss (visual acuity of <20/40) and severe visual loss (visual acuity of ≤ 20/200).

Factors influencing poor visual outcome in patients treated with photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration.

Background: This study evaluated patients with choroidal neovascular membranes secondary to age-related macular degeneration for factors that may predict the visual outcome after photodynamic therapy.

Methods: A retrospective review of 172 eyes of 172 consecutive patients who received photodynamic therapy for predominantly classic with and without occult, minimally classic and occult choroidal neovascular membranes secondary to macular degeneration in private practice from June 2000 to September 2004 was undertaken. All eyes had a baseline vision of 6/12 to 6/60.

Cicatricial ectropion: repair with myocutaneous flaps and canthopexy.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of myocutaneous upper eyelid flaps combined with canthopexy to treat cicatricial lower eyelid ectropion.

Methods: A prospective non-comparative case series undertaken in a private practice setting. Consecutive patients with moderate lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion and upper eyelid dermatochalasis underwent transfer of a bipedicle or monopedicle flap from the upper eyelid combined with canthopexy.