Multiple myeloma, a complex hematologic malignancy, has devastating consequences for patients, including dramatic bone loss, severe bone pain, and pathological fractures that markedly decrease the quality of life and impact the survival of affected patients. This necessitates a refined understanding of biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and prognosis of such severe malignancy. Therefore, this article comprehensively covers current research, elucidating the diverse spectrum of biomarkers employed in clinical settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConformations of disulfide and diselenide were compared in (Boc-Cys/Sec-NHMe) and (Boc-Cys/Sec-OMe) using X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT), and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Conformations of disulfide/diselenide in polypeptides are defined based on the sign of side chain torsion angle χ (-CH -S/Se-S/Se-CH -); negative indicates left-handed and positive indicates right-handed orientation. In the crystals of (Boc-Cys-OMe) and (Boc-Sec-OMe) , the disulfide exhibits a left-handed and the diselenide a right-handed orientation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvanced multidimensional NMR techniques have been employed to investigate the intramolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs) in a series of ,'-([1,1'-binaphthalene]-2,2'-diyl)bis(benzamide) derivatives, with the site-specific substitution of different functional groups. The existence of intramolecular HBs and the elimination of any molecular aggregation and possible intermolecular HBs are ascertained by various experimental NMR techniques, including solvent polarity dependent modifications of HB strengths. In the fluorine substituted derivative, direct evidence for the engagement of organic fluorine in HB is obtained by the detection of heteronuclear through-space correlation and the coupling between two NMR active nuclei where the transmission of spin polarization is mediated through HBs ( ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Silico searching for short antimicrobial peptides has revealed temporin-SHf as the short (8AA), hydrophobic, broad spectrum, and natural antimicrobial peptide. Important drawback associated with temporin-SHf is the susceptibility of its bioactive conformation for denaturation and proteolytic degradation. In the current report, disulfide engineering strategy has been adopted to improve the stability of bioactive conformation of temporin-SHf.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeme-binding proteins constitute a large family of catalytic and transport proteins. Their widespread presence as globins and as essential oxygen and electron transporters, along with their diverse enzymatic functions, have made them targets for protein design. Most previously reported designs involved the use of α-helical scaffolds, and natural peptides also exhibit a strong preference for these scaffolds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoppler ultrasound (US) velocity estimates are inherently subject to error as a result of both Doppler ambiguity and coherent scattering. The coherent scattering error is a result of changes in the phase of the returned echo as particles enter and leave the sample volume. This phase depends on the distance from the transmitter to the scatterer and then to the receiver.
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