Adequacy of Children's Psychopharmacology Services: Variations by Race and Clinical Characteristics.

Objective: An expert consensus approach was used to determine the adequacy of children's psychopharmacology and to examine whether adequacy varied by demographic or clinical characteristics.

Methods: Data were from the baseline interview of 601 children, ages 6-12 years, who had visited one of nine outpatient mental health clinics and participated in the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms study. Children and parents were interviewed with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and the Service Assessment for Children and Adolescents to assess the child's psychiatric symptoms and lifetime mental health services use, respectively.

Associations of alternative cannabis product use and poly-use with subsequent illicit drug use initiation during adolescence.

Rationale: Specific cannabis products may differentially increase risk of initiating non-cannabis illicit drug use during adolescence.

Objective: To determine whether ever- and poly-use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, or blunt cannabis products are associated with subsequent initiation of non-cannabis illicit drug use.

Methods: High school students from Los Angeles completed in-classroom surveys.

Burden of mental distress in the US associated with trust in media for COVID-19 information.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, news and social media outlets have played a major role in dissemination of information. This analysis aimed to study the association between trust in social and traditional media and experiences of mental distress among a representative sample of US adults. Data for this study came from National Pandemic Pulse, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey that sampled participants on the Dynata platform.

Burden of mental distress in the United States is associated with delayed medical visits and missed prescription refills during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to poor health due to a decrease in healthcare utilization and those with mental health problems may be impacted. For this analysis, data came from a cross-sectional, nationally representative December 2020 survey. Logistic regression analyses examined associations between (1) mental distress and delayed medical visits, (2) mental distress and missed prescription refills, controlling for sociodemographics, pre-existing chronic conditions, and access to health insurance.

Drug use trajectories among U.S. adults during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study characterized the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and behavioral health of U.S. adult subpopulations with distinct drug use trajectories during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The role of mood disorders in the progression of and recovery from alcohol and drug use problems: A latent transition analysis.

Introduction: Longitudinal research assessing whether mood disorders predict substance use behaviors is limited. We extend our prior work evaluating transition patterns with alcohol use to assess patterns with alcohol and drug use problems.

Method: Using National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions prospective data, waves 1 and 2, we completed latent class analyses to empirically define classes of alcohol and drug problems from DSM disorder criteria.

Worsening sleep predicts lower life space mobility during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Poor sleep health is an understudied yet potentially modifiable risk factor for reduced life space mobility (LSM), defined as one's habitual movement throughout a community. The objective of this study was to determine whether recalled changes in sleep traits (e.g.

Factors associated with county-level mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The objective of this study is to determine county-level factors associated with anxiety, depression, and isolation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study used daily data from 23,592,355 respondents of a nationwide Facebook-based survey from April 2020 to July 2021, aggregated to the week-county level to yield 212,581 observations. Mental distress prevalences were modeled using weighted linear mixed-effects models with a county random effect.

Associations of household structure and presence of children in the household with mental distress during the early stages of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The objectives of the current study were to (1) assess associations between household structure (i.e., living with spouse compared to living alone, with children, or with a spouse and children), presence of children, and mental distress in April 2020 and change in mental distress (between April and August 2020); and (2) determine whether these associations are moderated by income or sex.

Trends in parent-rated emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and hyperactivity/inattention among U.S. children and adolescents, 2004-2019.

Background: Evidence suggests that the prevalence of self-rated psychological symptoms among children and adolescents has changed in the past two decades. Our objective was to examine if similar trends are apparent in parent-rated assessments of psychological symptoms.

Methods: Participants were a nationally-representative sample of parents who rated psychological symptoms in their children (ages 4-17) in either the 2004 (n = 9,012) or 2019 (n = 7,092) National Health Interview Survey.

Trends in cannabis use among U.S. adults amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on mental health and alcohol use in the US, however there is little research on its impacts on cannabis use. Considering the role of cannabis as a coping strategy or self-medicating behavior, there is a need to understand how individuals who use cannabis have adapted their use amid the pandemic. Therefore, this study examined changes in self-reported cannabis use among US adults in the context of COVID-19 pandemic by (1) describing trends of use during the first 8 months of the pandemic among adults who used cannabis in this period; and (2) characterizing trends of use within sociodemographic subgroups and by state cannabis policy status.

Diagnoses and Treatment After Depression Screening in Primary Care Among Youth.

Introduction: Depression screening is universally recommended for adolescents presenting in primary care settings in the U.S. However, little is known about how depression screening affects the likelihood of being diagnosed with a mental disorder or accessing mental health care over time.

Adolescents' Concerns About School Violence or Shootings and Association With Depressive, Anxiety, and Panic Symptoms.

Importance: The prevalence of internalizing problems among US adolescents has risen in the past decade. The extent to which concerns about school violence or shootings are associated with risk of internalizing problems is unknown.

Objective: To examine the prospective association of concern, worry, and stress related to school violence or shootings with internalizing problems and to examine sex and racial and ethnic differences in the magnitude of the associations.

Tobacco control policies and smoking cessation treatment utilization: A moderated mediation analysis.

Background: Tobacco policies, including clean indoor air laws and cigarette taxes, increase smoking cessation in part by stimulating the use of cessation treatments. We explored whether the associations between tobacco policies and treatment use varies across sociodemographic groups.

Methods: We used data from 62,165 U.

Do the Transmissible Liability Index (TLI) and Adolescent Cannabis Use Predict Paranoid and Schizotypal Symptoms at Young Adulthood?

Adolescent cannabis use is an established risk factor for the development of psychosis, but the premorbid vulnerability factors and specificity versus generality of the psychotic symptom domains affected in cannabis-psychosis relationships remain incompletely understood. To improve our understanding of these relationships, we used longitudinal data to examine the individual and interactive effects of preadolescent transmissible liability to substance use disorders (SUD), measured the transmissible liability index (TLI), and adolescent cannabis use on the development of two distinct psychotic symptom domains, paranoid and schizotypal personality traits in young adulthood. We performed secondary analysis of data from the Center for Education and Drug Abuse (CEDAR) study, which longitudinally assessed offspring of men with ( = 211) and without ( = 237) lifetime history of SUD at ages 10-12, and across adolescence as they transitioned to young adulthood.

Psychological distress among caregivers raising a child with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic may disproportionately impact parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Loss of services and supports, heightened fears about increased infection rates, and disruption of daily routines likely adversely affect the well-being of children with ASD and their families. The goal of this study was to examine differences in psychological distress-as defined by symptoms of anxiety, depression, loneliness, and hyperarousal-between parents raising a child with ASD and parents in the US as a whole during the early stages of the pandemic (March-April 2020).