The clinical relevance of cut-off percentage for high-grade urothelial carcinoma within low-grade urothelial carcinoma: A determining factor?

Aims: The aim of the study was to analyze the cut-off value for the percentage of the high-grade (HG) component that has clinical significance in urothelial carcinoma (UC).

Material And Methods: The study included a total of 362 patients, mixed-grade UC (MGUC) patients were classified as Combine Group (CG) 1 based on the presence of less than 5% HG areas. High-grade papillary UC (HGPUC) patients were grouped based on HG component proportions: CG2 (≥5%-<50% HG), CG3 (≥50%-<100% HG), and pure HGPUC (PHGPUC) for 100% HG components.

The Impact of Histological Variants on Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treated with Radical Cystectomy.

Objective: Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous entity characterized by a wide range of different morphologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic effect of bladder tumor with variant histology that is treated with radical cystectomy on oncological outcomes.

Methods: One hundred eighty-six patients who underwent radical cystectomy between September 2001 and June 2020 were included in the study.

The effects of clinicopathological and imaging findings on recurrence and survival in mammary Paget's disease.

Objective: Mammary Paget's disease (MPD) is a rare presentation type of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological and imaging features affecting the invasive component, loco-regional recurrence, prognosis, and survival of MPD.

Methods: Patients who had undergone surgery due to MPD in a 10-year period were included.

Clinicopathologic features and prognostic significance of mixed (Low and high-grade) papillary urothelial carcinoma comparison with low and high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma.

The World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (2022 WHO/ISUP) classification categorizes noninvasive carcinomas based on the highest grade observed in a pathology sample. According to this classification, a lesion is classified as mixed-grade (MG) if the highest-grade component comprises less than 5% high-grade (HG) carcinoma [14]. This study included 160 cases of low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) and 160 cases of HG papillary urothelial carcinoma (HGUC), selected randomly.

Histopathologic Follow-Up of Women with Inadequate ThinPrep™ Cervical Pap Tests and Positive High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Test Results.

Introduction: We found only a few studies that had performed high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) analyses of inadequate ThinPrep™ Papanicolaou (Pap) tests. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze unsatisfactory ThinPrep Pap tests using hrHPV tests. The colposcopic biopsy results of cases with an unsatisfactory ThinPrep Pap test and positive hrHPV results were revealed.

Immediate histopathologic correlation in Turkish population with negative cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus positivity: A retrospective analysis of high-risk human papillomavirus genotype and stratified by age.

Introduction: According to the American Society of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) recommendations, regardless of age, women with high-risk infections other than human papillomavirus 16/18 positivity (other hrHPV) and negative cytology should not be referred directly to colposcopy. Several studies compared detection rates of ≥high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) between HPV 16/18 ± 45, and other hrHPV types on colposcopic biopsy.

Methods: We designed a retrospective study to determine the presence of ≥HSIL in colposcopic biopsy in women with negative cytology and hrHPV positivity during the years 2016-2022.

Comparison of the Clinical Performance of Aptima HPV Assay and the Cobas 4800 Platform in Women with Normal Cytology and Positive High-Risk HPV.

Introduction: According to the current American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) guidelines, patients with normal cytology results may be referred for colposcopy according to their high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) test results. A higher positive predictive value (PPV) of hrHPV has significance for preventing unnecessary colposcopic examinations. Several studies have compared the performance of the Aptima assay and the Cobas 4800 platform among patients who had minor cytologic abnormalities.

The cribriform morphology impairs Gleason 7 prostate cancer lesion detection on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is a useful tool for the detection of tumor lesions however, some clinically significant lesions are still missed. We determined whether the cribriform pattern has an effect on lesion detection in mpMRI.

Methods: We reviewed the single-institution database of the patients who underwent mpMRI before radical prostatectomy.

The prognostic impact of tumor necrosis in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the impact of tumor necrosis in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer on patients' recurrence and progression rates and survival outcomes.

Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively in a single tertiary center in Turkey. Medical records of patients who underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor between January 2016 and January 2021 were reviewed.

Comparison of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT and mp-MRI in regard to local staging for prostate cancer with histopathological results: A retrospective study.

Background: Imaging modalities are used to diagnose and clinical grading of clinically significant prostate cancer. In this study, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT (PSMA) and multiparametric prostate MRI (mp-MRI) were compared in regard to locating intraprostatic tumor and locoregional staging.

Methods: After ethics committee approval, a total of 49 patients with prostate cancer who had mp-MRI and PSMA before radical prostatectomy were included.

The association between PI3K, JAK/STAT pathways with the PDL-1 expression in prostate cancer.

Programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-1/PDL-1) signalling pathway has gained attention in prostate cancer. The relationship between pSTAT-1, pSTAT-3 expressions and PTEN loss with PDL-1 expression was assessed and the effects of the pathways on prostate cancer prognosis were evaluated. Patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 2011 and 2017 were included in our study.

Relation of beclin-1 and bcl-2 expressions with pathological parameters and prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinomas.

Introduction: The most common type of renal cancers is the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and 98% of CCRCCs have a loss of sequence in the short arm of chromosome 3 by deletion or translocation. Programmed cell death; another possible mechanism of tumorigenesis, comprises two separate components: apoptosis and autophagy. This study aims to show the rela-tion between the prognostic parameters and survival, and Beclin-1, as the representative marker of autophagy, and Bcl-2 as the representative marker of apoptosis in CCRCC patients.

The Clinical Impact of Tumor Grade Heterogeneity in Non-muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the oncological outcomes of mixed-grade tumors by comparing them with pure low-grade and high-grade tumors.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the histological grade of their tumors: low-grade, mixed-grade, and high-grade.

PTEN Loss and PD-L1 Expression of Different Histological Patterns of Prostate Cancer.

Aims: Although several studies have evaluated PTEN loss in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma (PCa), PTEN loss correlation with different histological patterns only has a few studies. Although several studies have evaluated PD-L1 expression in PCa and its correlation with Gleason scores, as far as we know, there are no prior studies that have included a comparison between PD-L1 expression and histological patterns of PCa. This study aims to evaluate PTEN loss and PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry in different histological patterns of PCa.

The Correlation of Histopathologic Parameters With Mismatch Repair Protein-deficient Subgroups and MLH1 Methylation in Endometrial Carcinomas.

There are limited data regarding the correlation of clinical and pathologic parameters with mismatch repair (MMR) protein-deficient subgroups and methylation status. In this study, we analyzed the status of MMR proteins in resection specimens of 198 consecutive endometrial carcinomas and the methylation status in tumors with MLH1 and PMS2 deficiency. We, therefore, assessed the correlation of clinical and pathologic parameters with MMR protein-deficient subgroups.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical tissues: performances of Aptima HPV assay and Beckton Dickinson (BD) Onclarity assay.

Aim: There are many scenarios where high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens is important. However, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and clinically validated technique for detecting high-risk HPV in FFPE tissues. In this study, we evaluated two commercially available HPV assays which are FDA-approved for use on cytology specimens, the Aptima HPV assay and the Beckton Dickinson (BD) Onclarity assay, to detect high-risk HPV in FFPE tissues of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Hepatocellular adenomas in the Turkish population: reclassification according to updated World Health Organization criteria.

Aims: Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is an uncommon liver neoplasm, and studies of HCA subtypes have been primarily limited to France, the USA, and Japan. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of HCA subtypes in Turkey.

Methods And Results: The resection specimens of 59 cases diagnosed as 'hepatocellular adenoma' collected from 15 institutions were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis and to classify them according to the current World Health Organization 2019 classification.

Vaginal epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor nearly misdiagnosed as advanced cervical cancer: A case report.

A 56-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a pathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. We performed a re-biopsy of the vaginal mass and cervical conization. The mass was originally reported as an epithelioid MPNST after re-biopsy.

Diagnostic accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy in determining the axillary lymph node metastasis.

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is accepted as the standard procedure to determine the axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer at early stage. However, in many cases with sentinel lymph node positivity, the axilla does not contain any tumor cells. As a result, the accuracy of SLNB to predict axillary lymph node metastasis must be evaluated.

PD-L1 Expression in Mismatch Repair-deficient Endometrial Carcinoma and Tumor-associated Immune Cells: Differences Between MLH1 Methylated and Nonmethylated Subgroups.

Mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient endometrial carcinomas show increased programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression compared with MMR-intact endometrial carcinomas, but there are limited data regarding PD-L1 expression between sporadic and inherited carcinomas exhibiting MMR loss. Most of the studies investigating PD-L1 expression in endometrial carcinoma have used tissue microarrays and did not examine all tumor blocks. In this study, we analyzed the expression of PD-L1 in resection specimens of 176 consecutive endometrial carcinomas using all tumor blocks; we compared PD-L1 expression in MMR-deficient endometrial carcinomas, including the MLH1 and PMS2-loss subgroup, and the other MMR-loss subgroups (MSH2 and MSH6, isolated PMS2, and isolated MSH6), with the MMR-intact subgroup.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma with osseous metaplasia: Two extremely rare cases and review of the literature.

Renal cell carcinoma is constantly associated with calcification, but ossification is extremely scarce. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed two cases with clear cell renal cell carcinoma with osseous metaplasia. RESULTS: We criticized the oldest case of woman whose a 32x31mm irregular renal mass with calcifications and we also mentioned about a diffusely calcified mass of 90 mm of a 68-year-old male patient.

Germline pathogenic variant spectrum in 25 cancer susceptibility genes in Turkish breast and colorectal cancer patients and elderly controls.

Inherited pathogenic variants account for 5% to 10% of all breast cancer (BC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) cases. Here, we sought to profile the pathogenic variants in 25 cancer susceptibility genes in Turkish population. Germline pathogenic variants were screened in 732 BC patients, 189 CRC patients and 490 cancer-free elderly controls, using next-generation sequencing-based multigene panel testing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification testing.

Correlation of PD-L1 expression with immunohistochemically determined molecular profile in endometrial carcinomas.

Endometrial carcinoma programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor cells (TCs) and tumor-associated inflammatory cells (ICs) have recently been reported in several studies which vary in terms of their cohort size, design, and methodology. We aimed to assess PD-L1 staining in endometrial carcinomas and correlate this with clinical and pathological factors and PTEN, ARID1A, p53, and MMR protein expression. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry was performed on whole tissue sections of all tumor blocks of 59 consecutive unselected endometrial carcinomas between November 2018 and September 2019.

Diagnostic accuracy of molecular testing with three molecular markers on thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology with abnormal category.

Background: Cases with abnormal category, determined by thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA), frequently undergo surgical resection, despite the majority of cases being identified as benign after resection. Additional diagnostic markers are needed to guide the management of patients with abnormal thyroid nodules.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective study enrolled 150 cases diagnosed abnormal by FNA cytology that had undergone molecular testing with three markers (BRAF V600E, NRAS, and KRAS) on the cell block.

KRAS-mutated Uterine Endometrioid Carcinoma With Extensive Surface Changes Resulting in Striking Morphologic Mimicry of an Ovarian Serous Borderline Tumor.

Surface epithelial changes involving endometrioid carcinomas of the uterine corpus mimicking papillary syncytial metaplasia or cervical microglandular hyperplasia are relatively common. There have been rare reports of surface epithelial changes in endometrioid carcinomas mimicking ovarian serous borderline tumor or low-grade serous carcinoma. We report an endometrioid carcinoma of the uterine corpus with striking morphologic mimicking of an ovarian serous borderline tumor with only a minimal amount of conventional endometrioid carcinoma.