Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Adolescence-Onset Major Depression: Relationships With Severity and Symptom Dimensions.

Background: The spatial functional chronnectome is an innovative mathematical model designed to capture dynamic features in the organization of brain function derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Measurements of dynamic functional connectivity have been developed from this model to quantify the brain dynamical self-reconfigurations at different spatial and temporal scales. This study examined whether two spatiotemporal dynamic functional connectivity quantifications were linked to late adolescence-onset major depressive disorder (AO-MDD), and scaled with depression and symptom severity measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale.

[Malignant catatonia in dementia with Lewy Body successfully treated with sismotherapy: A case report].

Malignant catatonia is a life-threatening syndrome, associated mostly with psychiatric diseases but also with neurological and neurodegenerative syndromes. We report the case of a 72-year-old patient, hospitalized for a major depressive episode with delusional symptoms, who presented a malignant catatonia. The patient had been transferred to an intensive care unit and treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) leading to a rapid disappearance of the catatonic syndrome associated with a remission of the depressive symptoms.

Efficient human pose estimation from single depth images.

We describe two new approaches to human pose estimation. Both can quickly and accurately predict the 3D positions of body joints from a single depth image without using any temporal information. The key to both approaches is the use of a large, realistic, and highly varied synthetic set of training images.

A month at the Hôtel-Dieu: a reversal of perspectives.

International medical graduates (IMGs) account for more than 30% of the first-year positions filled in US psychiatric residencies (Nation Residency Match Program, 2007). At the time of writing, the first author was 4 months away from finishing his residency at the University of Connecticut (UCONN) when the opportunity arose to turn the tables and use his fluency in French to complete a month-long elective in France. During this period, he spent time as an observer in the psychiatric service of a Parisian hospital, l'Hôtel-Dieu.

Family trios analysis of common polymorphisms in the obestatin/ghrelin, BDNF and AGRP genes in patients with Anorexia nervosa: association with subtype, body-mass index, severity and age of onset.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) affects 0.3% of young girls with a mortality of 6%/decade and is strongly familial with genetic factors. Ghrelin is an upstream regulator of the orexigenic peptides NPY and AgRP and acts as a natural antagonist to leptin's effects on NPY/AgRP-expressing neurons, resulting in an increase in feeding and body weight.

Association of BDNF with restricting anorexia nervosa and minimum body mass index: a family-based association study of eight European populations.

Eating disorders (ED), such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), are complex psychiatric disorders where different genetic and environmental factors are involved. Several lines of evidence support that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in eating behaviour and that alterations on this neurotrophic system participates in the susceptibility to both AN and BN. Accordingly, intraventricular administration of BDNF in rats determines food starvation and body weight loss, while BDNF or its specific receptor NTRK2 knockout mice develop obesity and hyperphagia.

Association of BDNF with anorexia, bulimia and age of onset of weight loss in six European populations.

Several genes with an essential role in the regulation of eating behavior and body weight are considered candidates involved in the etiology of eating disorders (ED), but no relevant susceptibility genes with a major effect on anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) have been identified. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the regulation of food intake and body weight in rodents. We previously reported a strong association of the Met66 allele of the Val66Met BDNF variant with restricting AN (ANR) and low minimum body mass index in Spanish patients.

The human genetics of anorexia nervosa.

Anorexia nervosa is a severe eating disorder characterised by restricted eating, the relentless pursuit of thinness and obsessive fears of being fat. The involved risk factors are probably numerous, but the existence of a genetic vulnerability has been proposed for decades. The heritability in the broad sense is computed on the basis of aggregation studies, treated twin samples and twin studies from the general population.

5-HT(2A) gene promoter polymorphism as a modifying rather than a vulnerability factor in anorexia nervosa.

The A allele of the 5-HT(2A) gene (-1438A/G polymorphism) has been associated with anorexia nervosa in four studies, but not in three others. One possibility to explain such a discrepancy is that the A allele acts as a modifying rather than a vulnerability allele. To test this hypothesis, we increased our initial sample of 102 trios left open bracket Mol.

The 5-HT(2A) -1438G/A polymorphism in anorexia nervosa: a combined analysis of 316 trios from six European centres.

Several case-control association studies have raised the possibility that the A allele of a -1438 G/A polymorphism in the type 2A serotonin receptor (HTR2A) gene may be a risk factor for anorexia nervosa. However the absence of linkage and the existence of negative association studies raise the possibility of false positive findings, resulting from population stratification or lack of statistical power. To address this controversy we recruited a sample of 316 patients with anorexia nervosa from six European centres, and utilised a family-based transmission disequilibrium (TDT) approach to analyse the HTR2A-1438 G/A polymorphism.

Genetic factors in anorexia nervosa.

Anorexia nervosa is a severe and complex disorder with incompletely known vulnerability factors. It is generally recognized that anorexia nervosa is a familial disorder, but the majority of twin studies have shown that the concordance rate for monozygotic twins is higher (on average 44%) than for dizygotic twins (on average 12.5%).

Genetics and anorexia nervosa: a review of candidate genes.

Anorexia nervosa is a severe disorder which seems likely to have a multifactorial aetiology. However, several studies have stressed that genetic factors play a significant role. Epidemiological studies have shown that the lifetime risk for first-degree relatives of a patient with an eating disorder is 6% compared to 1% among relatives of controls, and a twin study performed on 34 pairs of twins has shown a higher concordance rate in monozygotic twins (55%) compared to dizygotic twins (7%).