PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor VS-5584 Alters Expression of WNT Signaling Genes and Induces Apoptosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells: In Vitro and In Silico Insight.

Lung cancer (LC) accounts for approximately 25% of all cancer cases, with 80-85% of these being non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). VS-5584 is a novel anti-cancer agent that specifically inhibits mTORC1/2 and class I PI3K isoforms. There is cross-talk between the PI3K-Akt-mTOR and WNT signaling pathways that are abnormally activated in NSCLC.

Inflammatory responses in esophageal mucosa before and after laparoscopic antireflux surgery.

Background: Currently, the primary treatment for gastroesophageal reflux is acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors, but they are not a cure, and some patients don't respond well or refuse long-term use. Therefore, alternative therapies are needed to understand the disease and develop better treatments. Laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery (LARS) can resolve symptoms of these patients and plays a significant role in evaluating esophageal healing after preventing harmful effects.

Roles of Cytokines in Pathological and Physiological Gastroesophageal Reflux Exposure.

Background/aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease is frequently observed and has no definitive treatment. There are 2 main views on the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The first is that epithelial damage starts from the mucosa by acidic-peptic damage and the inflammatory response of granulocytes.

Revisiting the Role of Esophageal Mucosal Dilated Intercellular Spaces in the Diagnosis and Pathophysiology of Heartburn.

Background/aims: Dilated intercellular spaces (DISs) facilitate the diffusion of noxious agents into the deep layers of the esophageal epithelium. The role of DIS in heartburn pathogenesis is still controversial. Therefore, we aim to reinvestigate DIS in an extensively evaluated group of patients and healthy controls (HCs).

Epigenetic Alterations from Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a disease entity that is a sequela of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease that may result in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) due to columnar epithelial dysplasia. The histological degree of dysplasia is the sole biomarker frequently utilized by clinicians. However, the cost of endoscopy and the fact that the degree of dysplasia does not progress in many patients with BE diminish the effectiveness of histological grading as a perfect biomarker.

Targeting UPR signaling pathway by dasatinib as a promising therapeutic approach in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease that mediated by BCR/ABL oncogenic signaling. CML can be targeted with the imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib TKI inhibitors, the latter two of them have been approved for imatinib-resistant or -intolerant CML patients. The TKIs resistance occurs by different molecular mechanisms, including overexpression of BCR-ABL, mutations in the TKI binding site of BCR/ABL, and ER-stress.

Functional roles of miR-625-5p and miR-874-3p in the progression of castration resistant prostate cancer.

Aims: Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is important in normal prostate and prostate tumor tissues. Thus, the new therapeutic strategies targeting ARs may also be important for treatment of prostate cancer (PC) and its biology. The studies have shown that miRNAs to be dysregulated in PC progression.

In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Aspirin on Rabbit Esophageal Epithelium.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease has a high incidence of 23%, with 29% of those with gastroesophageal reflux disease consuming nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. There are insufficient data concerning the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the esophageal tissue. We aimed to examine the effects of well-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using electrophysiologic criteria on the rabbit esophageal epithelium.

Combination of dasatinib and okadaic acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by targeting protein phosphatase PP2A in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a cancer type of the white blood cells and because of BCR-ABL translocation it results in increased tyrosine kinase activity. For this purpose, dasatinib is the second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used for inhibition of BCR-ABL. Effectively and safetly, dasatinib has been used for imatinib-intolerant/resistant CML patients.

Pepsin and pH of Gastric Juice in Patients With Gastrointestinal Reflux Disease and Subgroups.

Goal: The aim of this study was to investigate the pepsin values and pH results of gastric juice among the subtypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and functional heartburn.

Background: The major destructive agents of GERD on the esophageal epithelium are gastric acid and pepsin. No precise information about pepsin concentration in gastric juice exists.

Effect of Dasatinib on Genes Related to Mitotic Catastrophe Pathway in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells.

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is characterized by a reciprocal translocation t(9;22) and forms BCR/ABL1 fusion gene called the Philadelphia chromosome. The therapeutic targets for CML patients mediated with BCR/ABL1 oncogenic are tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib. The latter two of which have been approved for the treatment of imatinib-resistant or intolerance CML patients.

The Evaluation of Effect of Aurora Kinase Inhibitor CCT137690 in Melanoma and Melanoma Cancer Stem Cell.

Background: Dysregulation of the cell cycle is one of the main causes of melanomagenesis. Genomewide studies showed that the expression of Aurora -A and -B significantly has been upregulated in melanoma. However, there is no FDA approved drug targeting aurora kinases in the treatment of melanoma.

Synthesis of Methotrexate Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles and in vitro Evaluation of the Potential in Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

The objective of the study was to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Methotrexate (MTX)-loaded chitosan (CS) on LNCaP prostate cancer cell line in vitro. For this purpose, CS nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized through ionic gelation method and MTX was loaded into the carrier with encapsulation. SEM images of the CS NPs have revealed that they have size of about 85 nm in mono-disperse manner.

Revealing genome-wide mRNA and microRNA expression patterns in leukemic cells highlighted "hsa-miR-2278" as a tumor suppressor for regain of chemotherapeutic imatinib response due to targeting STAT5A.

BCR-ABL oncoprotein stimulates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). For cure, imatinib is a widely used tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but developing chemotherapeutic resistance has to be overcome. In this study, we aimed to determine differing genome-wide microRNA (miRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles in imatinib resistant (K562/IMA-3 μM) and parental cells by targeting STAT5A via small interfering RNA (siRNA) applications.