'It's a man's world': a gender-equitable scoping review of gender, transportation, and work.

The deeply embedded inequalities in gender which mark most contemporary societies have led to a world shaped by male perspectives. This world fails to accommodate adequately the needs and experiences of women: no more evident than in the transport sector, where a 'default male' perspective dominates the planning and policies that shape our roads, railways, airlines, and shipping. This paper argues that the ways in which masculinity infuses transport systems mean they are integral to debates on gender and work.

To utilize automation or not to utilize automation, that is the question: An evaluation of how drills and procedures impact optronics mast usage from a sociotechnical systems perspective.

The delegation of tasks to a non-human agent in a sociotechnical system can extend human capabilities and performance. Effective performance is, however, reliant on a successful relationship between human operators and automation. Optronics is a partially automated system which has replaced periscope on board some modern submarine platforms, operating modes permit the completion of tasks either manually or utilizing automation.

The quest for the ring: a case study of a new submarine control room configuration.

Submarine control room layouts have remained similar across decades of operation, despite the introduction of new technologies that allow for the co-location of the sound and control room. Operation of an inwards, rather than outwards, facing ring control room configuration was examined in three scenarios: Return to Periscope Depth, Inshore Operations, and Dived Tracking. A case study design employed a serving team of qualified submariners participated in all three scenarios with high and low demand.

It's a circular argument: Examining how a novel configuration impacts information flow in submarine control rooms.

The continuing advancement of technology means that sociotechnical systems are primed for revolutionary changes to ways of working that can increase capability. It is critical to consider the unintended impact technology can have on human operators particularly regarding information flow and interactions within teams. Previous research revealed that the co-location of operator's dependent on each other for task relevant information can optimise information flow previously constrained by engineering considerations.

The effects of team co-location and reduced crewing on team communication characteristics.

The manner in which control rooms are configured can impact the flow of information between command teams. Previous research revealed bottlenecks of communications between the Sonar Controller (SOC) and the Operations Officer (OPSO) in submarine control rooms. One way to relieve such bottlenecks is to co-locate operators reliant on one another for task relevant information.