While lung cancer is the predominant neoplasm causing hemoptysis, rare benign neoplasms can also be associated with hemoptysis. A 60-year-old woman presented with cough and hemoptysis. Chest computed tomography revealed an oval-shaped, well-circumscribed solitary mass (10 cm in size) in the right lower lobe, which had grown rapidly over the past year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey Clinical Message: The combination of superior laryngeal nerve block can reduce the respiratory depression that occurs during management under total intravenous anesthesia.
Abstract: Anesthetic management of endobronchial stent placement by rigid bronchoscopy requires the maintenance of spontaneous breathing while suppressing upper airway reflexes. The combination of superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) can reduce the respiratory depression that occurs during management under total intravenous anesthesia.
The oxysterol 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), but it is mostly produced by alveolar macrophages . The present study evaluated hypothesis that 27HC may also promote the proliferation of lung cancer cells. In the tumor and nontumor regions of lung tissue from 23 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent lung cancer surgery, we compared the 27HC content and its synthetic and catabolic enzyme expressions ( and ), the expressions of the estrogen receptor (ER) gene and its target gene by using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), real-time RT-PCR, and immunohistochemical staining.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 71-year-old man was diagnosed as having right primary lung squamous cell carcinoma, clinical stage IIIA, but he refused treatment. However, the right upper lobe nodule and lymph node (LN) #4R showed gradual shrinking without treatment. Four years after the diagnosis, a new nodule was detected in the left lung field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyasthenia gravis (MG) is the most common disorder of neuromuscular transmission and is a heterogeneous disorder generally caused by auto-antibody to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. The current study presented a rare case of MG that occurred a long time after surgical resection of lung cancer. A 58-year-old man with lung adenocarcinoma underwent upper lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
December 2023
Castleman's disease with calcification of the chest wall is very rare, and there have been few reports of such cases to date. A 57-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for a tumor with calcification on her left lateral chest wall, which was detected on chest computed tomography. Findings of her chest magnetic resonance imaging suggested schwannoma or a solitary fibrous tumor, and therefore, we performed surgery for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: Real-world data on the clinical outcomes of first-line osimertinib treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations is lacking. This study aimed to reveal the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of osimertinib as first-line therapy in clinical practice settings.
Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated with osimertinib as first-line therapy across 12 institutions in Japan between August 2018 and March 2020.
A 51-year-old man who noticed discomfort in the pharynx was found to have a tracheal tumor on physical examination. He was diagnosed as having adenoid cystic carcinoma by a transbronchial biopsy and underwent tracheal segmental resection via a collar incision. He was additionally treated with radiation therapy owing to a positive surgical margin, and he subsequently developed anastomotic tracheal stenosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpyema necessitans is a rare empyema complication characterized by an extension of empyema out of the pleural space into the subcutaneous tissues of the chest wall. We herein report a case of empyema necessitans that presented as a subcutaneous chest wall abscess caused by (), an important anaerobic periodontal pathogen, in a 74-year-old woman with periodontitis. The patient was admitted to our hospital with a painful soft tissue mass in the chest wall extending from a subpleural lung abscess associated with empyema.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most significant genomic drivers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and determine the efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy. PCR methods are used clinically for the detection of EGFR mutations. The Scorpion Amplification Refractory Mutation System (Scorpion-ARMS) and the cobas EGFR Mutation Test v2 (cobas v2) are widely used PCR methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Med Case Rep
November 2021
A 51-year-old man was found to have multiple polypoid tracheal and bilateral main bronchial tumors during postoperative follow-up of atypical carcinoid. He underwent transtracheal biopsy, and was diagnosed as having central airway metastases of the atypical carcinoid. He underwent chemotherapy, but the effects were unfavorable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare the performance of two-dimensional synthetic mammography (SM) combined with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) (SM/DBT) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) including women with DBT (FFDM/DBT) undergoing secondary examination for breast cancer.
Material And Methods: Out of 186 breasts, including 52 with breast cancers; FFDM/DBT and SM/DBT findings were interpreted by four expert clinicians. Radiation doses of FFDM, SM/DBT, and FFDM/DBT were determined.
Lipomas are benign tumors that originate from mesenchymal tissue, such as subcutaneous tissue. Intrathoracic lipomas are rare, and they can occur in the chest wall, mediastinum and bronchi. In the present case, the patient had an intrathoracic lipoma that was located in the horizontal fissure of the right lung.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare tumors that progress slowly. Diagnosis by chest plain radiography is difficult, and suspecting the existence of a disease that causes stenosis in the airways is an important key for diagnosis. A 51-year-old woman referred to our hospital because of dyspnea on exertion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged mutations. A matched-pair analysis in completely resected ALK-rearranged NSLC patients and those with neither ALK nor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations diagnosed at 11 institutes was performed between April 2008 and March 2019. A total of 51 patients with surgically resected ALK-rearranged NSCLC were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: To describe real clinical outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations.
Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review from 15 medical institutes that cover a population of three million people from April 2008 to March 2019.
Results: There were 102 patients with uncommon EGFR mutation.
Energy metabolism in cancer cells is reprogrammed to meet the energy demands for cell proliferation under strict environments. In addition to the specifically activated metabolism of cancer, including the Warburg effect and glutaminolysis, most amino acids (AAs) are utilized for gluconeogenesis. Significant increases in AAs and energy metabolites in the tumor region occur in gastric and colon cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: To describe real clinical outcomes when using systemic therapy to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who have anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion gene mutation.
Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review from April 2008 to March 2019 sourced from 16 medical institutes that cover a population of three million people.
Results: There were 129 ALK rearranged NSCLC patients.
Glomus tumors originate from a neuroarterial structure called the glomus body, and grow mostly in soft tissue. It is rare for glomus tumors to develop in the respiratory system. The patient of the present case had an abnormal shadow in the right lung on chest X-ray, and computed tomography (CT) findings displayed a lung tumor in the right S6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: To describe real clinical outcomes when using afatinib therapy to treat non-small cell lung cancer patients who have an acquired EGFR T790M mutation.
Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted from January 2013 to November 2017 sourced from 15 medical institutes that cover a population of three million people.
Results: There were 74 patients who met the above-mentioned criteria.
Aim: To describe the prevalence and determinants of acquired epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M gene mutation in a clinical practice setting.
Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review study between January 2013 and November 2017 across multiple institutes, covering a population of 3 million people.
Results: We reviewed the charts of 233 patients non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
November 2017
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), which manifest as intermittent hypercapnia and sustained plus intermittent hypercapnia, respectively. In this study, we investigated whether CO affects adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) and maturation (hypertrophy). Human visceral or subcutaneous preadipocytes were grown to confluence and then induced to differentiate to adipocytes under hypocapnia, normocapnia, and hypercapnia with or without hypoxia.
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