Exploring Decisional Conflict Experienced by Individuals Considering Metoidioplasty and Phalloplasty Gender-affirming Surgery.

Background: Metoidioplasty and phalloplasty gender-affirming surgery (MaPGAS) is increasingly performed and requires patients to make complex decisions that may lead to decisional uncertainty. This study aimed to evaluate decisional conflict in individuals considering MaPGAS.

Methods: We administered a cross-sectional survey to adult participants assigned female sex at birth and considering MaPGAS, recruited via social media platforms and community health centers.

Evaluating the Acceptability and Appropriateness of the Augmented Reality Home Assessment Tool (ARHAT): Qualitative Descriptive Study.

Background: The Augmented Reality Home Assessment Tool (ARHAT) is a mobile app developed to provide rapid, highly accurate assessments of the home environment. It uses 3D-capture technologies to help people identify and address functional limitations and environmental barriers.

Objective: This study was conducted to gain stakeholder feedback on the acceptability and appropriateness of the ARHAT for identifying and addressing barriers within home environments.

Assessing and Identifying Improvements for Lung Cancer Screening in a Rural Population: A Human-Centered Design and Systems Approach.

Although lung cancer claims more lives than any other cancer in the United States, screening is severely underutilized, with <6% of eligible patients screened nationally in 2021 versus 76% for breast cancer and 67% for colorectal cancer. This article describes an effort to identify key reasons for the underutilization of lung cancer screening in a rural population and to develop interventions to address these barriers suitable for both a large health system and local community clinics. Data were generated from 26 stakeholder interviews (clinicians, clinical staff, and eligible patients), a review of key systems (Electronic Health Record and billing records), and feedback on the feasibility of several potential interventions by health care system staff.

Decision making in metoidioplasty and phalloplasty gender-affirming surgery: a mixed methods study.

Background: Gender-affirming surgical procedures, such as metoidioplasty and phalloplasty for those assigned female at birth, are complex and multistaged and involve risks. Individuals considering these procedures experience greater uncertainty or decisional conflict, compounded by difficulty finding trustworthy information.

Aim: (1) To explore the factors contributing to decisional uncertainty and the needs of individuals considering metoidioplasty and phalloplasty gender-affirming surgery (MaPGAS) and (2) to inform development of a patient-centered decision aid.

Opioid initiation and injection transition in rural northern New England: A mixed-methods approach.

Background: In rural northern New England, located in the northeastern United States, the overdose epidemic has accelerated with the introduction of fentanyl. Opioid initiation and transition to opioid injection have been studied in urban settings. Little is known about opioid initiation and transition to injection drug use in rural northern New England.

β-catenin-mediated Wnt signal transduction proceeds through an endocytosis-independent mechanism.

The Wnt pathway is a key intercellular signaling cascade that regulates development, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the molecular events that take place between ligand-receptor binding and target gene transcription. We used a novel tool for quantitative, real-time assessment of endogenous pathway activation, measured in single cells, to answer an unresolved question in the field-whether receptor endocytosis is required for Wnt signal transduction.

Responding to an Unexpected In-Flight Event: Physiological Arousal, Information Processing, and Performance.

Objective: The study was designed to investigate whether a simulated unexpected abnormal flight event can lead to startle and explore differences in behavioral responses between expected and unexpected abnormal flight events.

Background: Recent research suggests startle (an autonomic response to an acute stimulus) following unexpected abnormal flight events can impact pilot performance and can increase the probability of a negative outcome following the event.

Method: Information processing, physiological measures, and performance differences between responses to expected and unexpected flight events were compared.

Implications for the Self Determine Benevolence and Self-Protection in Intergroup Relations.

People often favor groups they belong to over those beyond the in-group boundary. Yet, in-group favoritism does not always occur, and people will sometimes favor an out-group over the in-group. We delineate theoretically when in-group favoritism (i.

Assessing Idaho Rural Family Physician Scope of Practice Over Time.

Context: An important consideration determining health outcomes is to have an adequate supply of physicians to address the health needs of the community.

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to assess scope of practice factors for Idaho rural family physicians in 2012 and to compare these results to findings from a 2007 study.

Methods: The target population in this study was rural family physicians in Idaho counties with populations of fewer than 50,000.

Part 2: Evaluation and outcomes of an evidence-based facility design project.

Based on the work of a TCAB facility design team at an academic hospital (part 1), an evaluation project was implemented to measure RN work environment perceptions, work activity sampling, and steps walked on 6 units moving into a new acute care pavilion. Pre and post data reported significant nurse satisfaction post move with the new work environment. Workflow sampling data did not reflect significant changes; the pedometer device used to measure nurse steps proved unreliable.

Comparison of Becton Dickinson Vacutainer rapid serum tube with the serum separator tube for routine chemistry and immunoassay tests.

Aims: To shorten the clotting time and resolve the delayed clotting or no clotting on specimens from patients on anticoagulant therapy, Becton Dickinson (BD) recently developed the Vacutainer rapid serum tube (RST). The aim of this study was to systematically compare the new RST tube with the widely used serum separator tube (SST) for routine chemistry and immunoassay tests on 3 common analyser platforms.

Methods: Blood from 45 people (24 women and 21 men, age 21-77 years) was collected using the SST and RST tubes in sequence.

Longitudinal charge nurse leadership development and evaluation.

Objective: The study's aim was to examine longitudinal outcomes of a leadership program for permanent and relief charge nurse from 1996 to 2012 using action research and Kouzes and Posner's The Leadership Challenge conceptual frameworks.

Background: Charge nurses hold significant oversight of patient safety, quality, and team functioning. This study contributes knowledge regarding charge nurse leadership and organization outcomes associated with these essential roles over time.

Performance evaluation of Siemens ADVIA Centaur and Roche MODULAR Analytics E170 Total 25-OH Vitamin D assays.

Objectives: To evaluate the newly developed Roche MODULAR Analytics E170 Total Vitamin D and the Siemens ADVIA Centaur Vitamin D Total assays.

Materials And Methods: Assays were evaluated using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols. Split patient samples were compared with LC-MS/MS and DiaSorin LIAISON assays (n=79 including 15 specimens with detectable endogenous 25-OH vitamin D(2)).

Performance evaluation of Siemens ADVIA Centaur enhanced estradiol assay and a split sample comparison with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the newly developed Siemens ADVIA Centaur enhanced Estradiol (eE2) assay and compare it with a well-established estradiol liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method.

Design And Methods: The Siemens eE2 assay was evaluated using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute evaluation protocols. Split patient samples were compared with the eE2 assay, the current ADVIA Centaur E2-6 Ill assay; and LC-MS/MS method by API5000 mass spectrometer.

Explicit weight stereotypes are curvilinear: biased judgments of thin and overweight targets.

Bias against overweight people is documented; however, little attention has been directed to bias against thin people. Theoretically, light and heavy bodies can invoke an affective mechanism leading to bias and avoidance of those different physically from the average.Participants (N = 62) rated six same or opposite sex targets varying randomly in weight.

Socially responsible hospitals focus on sustainability.

Hospitals' commitment to their communities should expand to include environmental stewardship.

Effective interventions and implementation strategies to reduce adverse drug events in the Veterans Affairs (VA) system.

Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) account for considerable patient morbidity and mortality as well as legal, operational and patient care costs. In Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals in the USA, all serious adverse events and "potential" adverse events are reviewed using root cause analysis (RCA). This study characterised RCA reports associated with ADEs to determine what actions VA RCA teams took to reduce the number or severity of ADEs, and to evaluate which actions were effective in doing so.

Realities and myths of safety issues for community researchers working in a marginalized African American community.

Community psychologists often conduct research in collaboration with marginalized communities in which safety is an issue. However, we rarely talk about what specific safety issues we experience and how we deal with them. Our story describes the realities and myths of neighborhood safety that were experienced in a low-income African American neighborhood of Chicago, while collaborating on a project designed to increase access to the Internet to obtain health information.

Three-dimensional helical computed tomographic angiography of the liver in five dogs.

The objective of this study was to develop a simple, safe, minimally invasive protocol to evaluate the hepatic vasculature. Five purpose-bred Beagle dogs underwent noncontrast-enhanced computed tomographic scan of the entire abdomen. A dynamic, nonincremental computed tomography scan at the level of T11 was then performed using a test bolus of contrast medium to determine time to peak opacification and to aid in the calculation of scan delay.

Measuring patient safety climate: a review of surveys.

Objective: Five years ago the Institute of Medicine recommended improving patient safety by addressing organizational cultural issues. Since then, surveys measuring a patient safety climate considered predictive of health outcomes have begun to emerge. This paper compares the general characteristics, dimensions covered, psychometrics performed, and uses in studies of patient safety climate surveys.

The experience of sexual assault: findings from a statewide victim needs assessment.

A statewide assessment was conducted of assaults, experiences, needs, and recommendations of 125 adult victims receiving care at 19 sexual assault centers (SACs) in the State of Maryland. More than one half of the victims (55.6%) waited years before disclosing, with delays in reporting especially likely if the assault was perpetrated by a family member (the most frequent perpetrators at 42.

Integrin alpha4beta1 function is required for cell survival in developing retina.

In the retina, integrins in the beta1 family have been shown to be important in many phases of neuronal development, particularly neuroblast migration and axon outgrowth. However, the functions of specific integrin heterodimers are not well defined. In this study, we investigated the functions of beta1 integrins in developing chicken retina by expression of a dominant-negative beta1A construct using a replication-competent retrovirus.

Internet access and empowerment: a community-based health initiative.

Objective: To determine whether access to health information via in-home Internet technology can positively influence empowerment among residents of a low-income urban community.

Design: In-home Internet access and training were provided to volunteers, who, along with a comparison group, were interviewed prior to and 1 year after initiation of the program. Community-based participatory research methods were used to design and implement the intervention.