Efficient management of benign laryngeal symptoms in an endoscopy outpatient clinic.

Objectives: A globus and thick mucus in the throat are common reasons for referral to an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist. ENT outpatient appointments focus on nasolaryngoscopy examinations, patient education, and reassurance. An endoscopic outpatient clinic (EOC) was established to efficiently manage patients with benign laryngeal symptoms.

ALS patients in otorhinolaryngology: A retrospective study.

Objectives: Given its rarity and the lack of clear clinical markers, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains a diagnostic challenge. Because bulbar-onset ALS (buALS) presents with impaired speech or swallowing, patients are often primarily referred to an otolaryngologist (ORL) or phoniatrician. The objectives of this retrospective cohort study were to analyze the role of ORLs and phoniatricians in ALS diagnostics and treatment and the potential diagnostic delay related to initial visit to aforementioned specialists.

Sinonasal inverted papilloma - malignant transformation and non-sinonasal malignancies.

Objectives: To assess malignant transformation rate, non-sinonasal malignancies, and factors contributing to recurrence in patients treated for sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all patients treated for SNIP (n = 296) between the years 1984-2014 at Helsinki University Hospital.

Sanguiin H-6 Fractionated from Cloudberry () Seeds Can Prevent the Methicillin-Resistant Biofilm Development during Wound Infection.

is the most common cause of surgical site infections and its treatment is challenging due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Natural berry-derived compounds have shown antimicrobial potential, e.g.

Microdebrider is less aerosol-generating than CO laser and cold instruments in microlaryngoscopy.

Objective: COVID-19 spreads through aerosols produced in coughing, talking, exhalation, and also in some surgical procedures. Use of CO laser in laryngeal surgery has been observed to generate aerosols, however, other techniques, such cold dissection and microdebrider, have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to assess whether aerosol generation occurs during laryngeal operations and the effect of different instruments on aerosol production.

Finnish Version of the Eating Assessment Tool (F-EAT-10): A Valid and Reliable Patient-reported Outcome Measure for Dysphagia Evaluation.

Our aim was to validate a Finnish version of the Eating Assessment Tool (F-EAT-10) for clinical use and to test its reliability and validity in a multicenter nationwide study. Normative data were acquired from 180 non-dysphagic participants (median age 57.0 years, 62.

Microbiome of the Healthy External Auditory Canal.

Objective: To investigate the microbiota of the healthy external auditory canal (EAC) culture-independently and to evaluate the usefulness of the swabbing method in collecting EAC microbiota samples.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Patients: Fifty healthy asymptomatic working-age volunteers.

Union of the European Phoniatricians' position statement on the exit strategy of phoniatric and laryngological services: staying safe and getting back to normal after the peak of coronavirus disease 2019 (issued on 25th May 2020).

Background: The following position statement from the Union of the European Phoniatricians, updated on 25th May 2020 (superseding the previous statement issued on 21st April 2020), contains a series of recommendations for phoniatricians and ENT surgeons who provide and/or run voice, swallowing, speech and language, or paediatric audiology services.

Objectives: This material specifically aims to inform clinical practices in countries where clinics and operating theatres are reopening for elective work. It endeavours to present a current European view in relation to common procedures, many of which fall under the aegis of aerosol generating procedures.

Strategies to Prevent Biofilm Infections on Biomaterials: Effect of Novel Naturally-Derived Biofilm Inhibitors on a Competitive Colonization Model of Titanium by and SaOS-2 Cells.

Biofilm-mediated infection is a major cause of bone prosthesis failure. The lack of molecules able to act in biofilms has driven research aimed at identifying new anti-biofilm agents via chemical screens. However, to be able to accommodate a large number of compounds, the testing conditions of these screenings end up being typically far from the clinical scenario.

Bacterial biofilm in salivary stones.

Purpose: To assess the susceptibility of salivary stones to bacterial biofilm formation, which may be involved in the development of salivary gland infection, and to investigate a relation between microbiological aspects and patient characteristics.

Methods: This prospective study comprises of 54 patients with sialolithiasis attended in Helsinki University Hospital during 2014-2016. A total of 55 salivary stones were removed, and studied for biofilm formation using fluorescence microscopy and sonication.

Prevention of Biomaterial Infection by Pre-Operative Incubation with Human Cells.

Background: Cells of tissues and biofilm forming bacteria compete for the living space on the surface of an implant. We hypothesized the incubation of the implant (titanium, polydimethylsiloxane, and polystyrene surface) with human cells before implantation as a strategy to prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation.

Methods: After 24 hours of incubation with human osteogenic sarcoma SaOS-2 cells (1 × 10 cells/mL), the materials were incubated for 4.

Work-up of globus: assessing the benefits of neck ultrasound and videofluorography.

Globus patients with normal ear, nose, and throat (ENT) status are a diagnostic challenge. The symptom may be long lasting and cause concern about malignancy, leading to possibly unnecessary further investigation. The aim of the study was to assess whether radiological examinations are useful in globus diagnostics, how often patients suffer from persistent globus, and whether globus patients with normal ENT status develop a malignancy during a follow-up.

Competitive colonization of prosthetic surfaces by staphylococcus aureus and human cells.

Implantation of a biomaterial provides an adhesion substratum both to host cell integration and to contaminating bacteria. We studied simultaneous competitive adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus in serial 1:10 dilutions of 10 colony forming units (CFU)/mL and human osteogenic sarcoma (SaOS-2) or primary osteoblast (hOB) cells, both 1x10 cells/mL, to the surfaces of titanium, polydimethylsiloxane and polystyrene. The bacterial adherence and human cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were studied using fluorometric (fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry) and colorimetric methods (MTT, LDH and crystal violet).

Dysphagia and malignancy: A three-year follow-up and survey of National Cancer Registry data.

Objectives/hypothesis: Dysphagia may cause concern about malignancy. Symptoms are often unspecific; thus, it is essential to identify those requiring further investigations.

Study Design: Retrospective study combined with patient survey.

Bacterial adhesion on biomedical surfaces covered by yttria stabilized zirconia.

The aim of this study was to compare the bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus spp. on Ti-6Al-4V with respect to Ti-6Al-V modified alloys with a set of Cubic yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and Ag-YSZ nanocomposite films. Silver is well known to have a natural biocidal character and its presence in the surface predicted to enhance the antimicrobial properties of biomedical surfaces.

Effects of S53P4 bioactive glass on osteoblastic cell and biomaterial surface interaction.

To study the effect of bioactive glass bone substitute granules (S53P4) and hypoxic atmospheric conditions on human osteoblastic cell adhesion on different biomaterials. Cellular adhesion and cytoskeletal organization were studied on titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane and S53P4 plates in the presence or absence of S53P4 granules. Cells used were human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells.

Effect of S53P4 bone substitute on staphylococcal adhesion and biofilm formation on other implant materials in normal and hypoxic conditions.

To study the effect of bioactive glass bone substitute granules (S53P4) on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on other simultaneously used implant materials and the role of the hypoxic conditions to the adhesion. Bacterial and biofilm formation were studied on materials used both in middle ear prostheses and in fracture fixtures (titanium, polytetrafluoroethylene, polydimethylsiloxane and bioactive glass plates) in the presence or absence of S53P4 granules. The experiments were done either in normal atmosphere or in hypoxia simulating atmospheric conditions of middle ear, mastoid cavity and sinuses.

The role of biofilm in chronic laryngitis and in head and neck cancer.

Purpose Of Review: The importance of bacterial biofilm in the human body, both when associated in chronic infections and as the default mode of microbial growth in the normal flora, has been understood during the last two decades. The word biofilm has recently entered into clinical vocabulary especially in dentistry, and oral hygienists have begun to talk of oral or dental biofilm instead of oral plaque. Biofilm presence has been demonstrated widely in otorhinolaryngology, related to chronic infections of middle ear, paranasal sinuses and lymphoid tissue of adenoids and tonsils and to implanted materials; however, less literature exists considering the implication of biofilm to laryngeal infections or head and neck cancer.

Long-term outcome of endoscopic shortening and stiffening of the vocal folds to raise the pitch.

In this study, we aimed to assess the long-term effects of the mucosal layer plastic surgery of the vocal folds performed on the voices of male-to-female transgenders. This retrospective cohort study enrolled 22 patients who were operated during 2004-2010 by a combined technique of transmucosal anterior suturing and stiffening of the vocal folds through a longitudinal cordotomy incision using CO2 laser. Long-term effects were assessed based on completed questionnaires on four different categories including subjective evaluation of patient's own voice perception and a standardized voice inventory (VHI), as well as an acoustic assessment and videolaryngoscopic examination.

Mastoid biofilm in chronic otitis media.

Hypothesis: We designed a study to determine the role of mastoid mucosal biofilm in chronic otitis media (COM).

Background: Biofilm formation has been found in several chronic airway infections. COM is associated with chronic, recalcitrant infection of the mastoid mucosa, and surgery often is required.

Bacterial biofilm associated with chronic laryngitis.

Objective: To determine the incidence of biofilm on the vocal fold epithelium of patients with chronic laryngitis. Bacteria can grow in biofilm protected by a glycoprotein mass. Recent studies have shown the importance of biofilm in chronic otolaryngologic infections.

Estimating head-related transfer functions of human subjects from pressure-velocity measurements.

Direct measurements of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) with a probe microphone at the eardrum are unpleasant, risky, and unreliable and therefore have not been widely used. Instead, the HRTFs are commonly measured from the blocked ear canal entrance, which excludes the effects of the individual ear canals and eardrums. This paper presents a method that allows obtaining individually correct magnitude frequency responses of HRTFs at the eardrum from pressure-velocity (PU) measurements at the ear canal entrance with a miniature PU sensor.