Preoperative risk factors for 90-day postoperative mortality outcome in patients with non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia.

Purpose: The mortality rate for non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia remains high even after patients survive the acute postoperative period with tremendous treatment efforts, including emergency surgery, which is challenging. The aim of this study was to explore the preoperative risk factors for 90-day postoperative mortality in patients with non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia who underwent emergency surgery between August 2014 and January 2023.

Idiopathic superior mesenteric venous thrombosis requiring bowel resection: a report of four cases.

Background: Superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (SMVT) is mostly treated with anticoagulation therapy; however, SMVT can lead to irreversible bowel ischemia and require bowel resection in the acute or subacute phase.

Case Presentation: We report four cases of SMVT that required careful observation and bowel resection. Case 1: A 71-year-old man presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting that showed a completely occluded SMV with thrombus and small bowel ischemia.

Clinical Benefits of Reducing Dead Space Using a Closed Suction Drain and Subcutaneous Large-bite Buried Suture Technique to Prevent Superficial Surgical-site Infections Following Primary Closure of a Diverting Stoma.

Objectives: Surgical-site infections (SSIs) are the most common complication after stoma closure. We propose a new method for wound closure using the subcutaneous large-bite buried suture (SLBS) technique and a closed suction drain (CSD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of a combination of the SLBS technique and a CSD to prevent superficial SSIs following stoma closure.

Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score and liver resection percentage determine postoperative liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

Background: The success of liver resection relies on the ability of the remnant liver to regenerate. Most of the knowledge regarding the pathophysiological basis of liver regeneration comes from rodent studies, and data on humans are scarce. Additionally, there is limited knowledge about the preoperative factors that influence postoperative regeneration.

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing gastroenterological surgery: A single-center retrospective study.

Aim: To investigate the risk factors for postoperative delirium among elderly patients undergoing elective surgery for gastroenterological cancer.

Methods: From May 2020 to March 2022, patients ≥75 years old with gastroenterological cancer who underwent radical surgery were enrolled. The geriatric assessment, including evaluations of frailty, physical function, nutrition status, and cognitive function, was conducted preoperatively.

Total Superior Mesenteric Artery Nerve Plexus Preservation During Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) nerve plexus (PLsma) dissection has been performed to achieve R0 resection in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in high-volume centers. However, full-extent PLsma preservation in PD is employed in our institution. The feasibility of the PLsma preservation strategy was investigated.

Triple modal treatment comprising with proton beam radiation, hyperthermia, and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel for locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a phase I/II study protocol (TT-LAP trial).

Background: Locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), accounting for about 30% of PDAC patients, is difficult to cure by radical resection or systemic chemotherapy alone. A multidisciplinary strategy is required and our TT-LAP trial aims to evaluate whether triple-modal treatment with proton beam therapy (PBT), hyperthermia, and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel is a safe and synergistically effective treatment for patients with locally advanced PDAC.

Methods: This trial is an interventional, open-label, non-randomized, single-center, single-arm phase I/II clinical trial organized and sponsored by the University of Tsukuba.

A comparative study of stoma-related complications from diverting loop ileostomy or colostomy after colorectal surgery.

Purpose: Even though minor, stoma-related complications significantly impact quality of life, they are often excluded from clinical analyses that compare short-term postoperative outcomes of loop ileostomy and loop colostomy. This study compares stoma-related complications between loop ileostomy and loop colostomy after rectal resection, including minor complications, and discusses the characteristics of diverting stoma types.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted in patients who underwent diverting stoma construction after rectal resection.

Clinical advantage of transmediastinal esophagectomy in terms of postoperative respiratory complications.

Background: Although the transmediastinal approach as a radical esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma patients has attracted attention, its advantages over the transthoracic approach remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transmediastinal esophagectomy (TME) in terms of postoperative respiratory complications compared to that of open transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE).

Methods: We reviewed patients with thoracic and abdominal esophageal carcinoma who underwent TME or TTE between February 2014 and November 2021.

Transhiatal bilateral thoracic duct ligation for duplicated thoracic duct injury after esophagectomy: a case report.

Background: The treatment of duplicated thoracic ducts (TDs) injury after esophagectomy generally requires a bilateral transthoracic approach. We present the cases of two patients with postoperative chylothorax who underwent transhiatal bilateral TD ligation for duplicated TDs.

Case Presentation: Two patients diagnosed with chylothorax after esophagectomy performed for thoracic esophageal cancer underwent transhiatal TD ligation.

Lectin-based phototherapy targeting cell surface glycans for pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is resistant to current treatments but lectin-based therapy targeting cell surface glycans could be a promising new horizon. Here, we report a novel lectin-based phototherapy (Lec-PT) that combines the PDAC targeting ability of rBC2LCN lectin to a photoabsorber, IRDye700DX (rBC2-IR700), resulting in a novel and highly specific near-infrared, light-activated, anti-PDAC therapy. Lec-PT cytotoxicity was first verified in vitro with a human PDAC cell line, Capan-1, indicating that rBC2-IR700 is only cytotoxic upon cellular binding and exposure to near-infrared light.

Prediction of early graft function after living donor kidney transplantation by quantifying the "nephron mass" using CT-volumetric software.

Early renal function after living-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) depends on the "nephron mass" in the renal graft. In this study, as a possible donor-recipient size mismatch parameter that directly reflects the "nephron mass," the cortex to recipient weight ratio (CRWR) was calculated by CT-volumetric software, and its ability to predict early graft function was examined. One hundred patients who underwent LDKT were enrolled.

Potential Applicability of Local Resection With Prophylactic Left Gastric Artery Basin Dissection for Early-Stage Gastric Cancer in the Upper Third of the Stomach.

Purpose: Total or proximal gastrectomy of the upper-third early gastric cancer (u-EGC) often causes severe post-gastrectomy syndrome, suggesting that these procedures are extremely invasive for patients without pathologically positive lymph node (LN) metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical applicability of a stomach function-preserving surgery, local resection (LR), with prophylactic left gastric artery (LGA)-basin dissection (LGA-BD).

Materials And Methods: The data of patients with u-EGC (pathologically diagnosed as T1) were retrospectively analyzed.

Pancreatic juice outflow in pancreatojejunostomy monitoring with the inter-anastomosis drainage tube; a retrospective observational study.

Background: Pancreatic fistula remains the biggest problem in pancreatic surgery. We have previously reported a new pancreatojejunostomy method using an inter-anastomosis drainage (IAD) suction tube with Blumgart anastomosis for drainage of the pancreatic juice leaking from the branched pancreatic ducts. This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of our novel method, in pancreatojejunostomy and investigate the nature of the inter-anastomosis space between jejunal wall and pancreas parenchyma.

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among general surgeons in Japan.

Purpose: General surgeons are at high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), especially in their neck and back. The prevalence and risk factors for surgeons' WRMSDs in Japan have not been well surveyed.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey on WRMSDs was conducted among general surgeons in Japan.

Long-Term Fluorescent Tissue Marking Using Tissue-Adhesive Porphyrin with Polycations Consisting of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Groups.

Localization of tumors during laparoscopic surgery is generally performed by locally injecting India ink into the submucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract using endoscopy. However, the location of the tumor is obscured because of the black-stained surgical field and the blurring caused by India ink. To solve this problem, in this study, we developed a tissue-adhesive porphyrin with polycations consisting of quaternary ammonium salt groups.

Dualistic role of platelets in living donor liver transplantation: Are they harmful?

Platelets are anucleate fragments mainly involved in hemostasis and thrombosis, and there is emerging evidence that platelets have other nonhemostatic potentials in inflammation, angiogenesis, regeneration and ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R injury), which are involved in the physiological and pathological processes during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). LDLT is sometimes associated with impaired regeneration and severe I/R injury, leading to postoperative complications and decreased patient survival. Recent studies have suggested that perioperative thrombocytopenia is associated with poor graft regeneration and postoperative morbidity in the short and long term after LDLT.

Prediction of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure with a Combination of Albumin-Bilirubin Score and Liver Resection Percentage.

Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a main cause of death after partial hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to develop a practical stratification system using the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score and liver resection percentage to predict severe PHLF and conduct safe hepatectomy.

Methods: Between January 2002 and March 2021, 361 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent partial hepatectomy were enrolled.

DNA Microarray-Based Global Gene Expression Profiling in Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Predicts the Potential of Microalgae-Derived Squalene for the Nervous System and Metabolic Health.

In recent years, perinatal stem cells, such as human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), have attracted increasing interest as a novel tool of stem cell-based high-throughput drug screening. In the present study, we investigated the bioactivities of squalene (SQ) derived from ethanol extract (99.5%) of a microalgae Sp.

Long-term survival after esophagectomy with distal pancreatectomy for locally advanced esophageal cancer with pancreatic invasion: a case report.

Background: The treatment for the locally advanced esophageal cancer invading adjacent organs is controversial. We performed a radical surgery for a patient suffering from lower esophageal cancer with pancreatic invasion, and led to long-term survival.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old man with dysphagia, was endoscopically diagnosed lower esophageal cancer.

Primary pleomorphic liposarcoma of the liver: a case report and literature review.

Background: Primary liposarcoma arising from the liver is exceedingly rare. There have been very few reports documenting primary hepatic liposarcoma, especially of the pleomorphic subtype. Surgery is currently the only established treatment method, and the prognosis remains poor.

Drug-Drug Interaction between Tacrolimus and Vonoprazan in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Kidney transplant recipients with tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive therapy are often treated with proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) to prevent gastric ulcer complications. Vonoprazan, a potassium-competitive acid blocker, is a novel PPI possessing different metabolic pathways from conventional PPIs (e.g.

Survival-Assured Liver Injury Preconditioning (SALIC) Enables Robust Expansion of Human Hepatocytes in Fah Rag2 IL2rg Rats.

Although liver-humanized animals are desirable tools for drug development and expansion of human hepatocytes in large quantities, their development is restricted to mice. In animals larger than mice, a precondition for efficient liver humanization remains preliminary because of different xeno-repopulation kinetics in livers of larger sizes. Since rats are ten times larger than mice and widely used in pharmacological studies, liver-humanized rats are more preferable.

A scoring system to predict surgical difficulty in minimally invasive surgery for gastric submucosal tumors.

Background: Various minimally invasive surgery (MIS) procedures are used for gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs), and their technical difficulties vary. Preoperative understanding of difficulties is crucial; however, objective indicators are lacking.

Methods: Gastric SMTs requiring MIS (n = 36) were retrospectively analyzed.

Rectoperineal Fistula Presented 5 Months After Repair of Severe Obstetric Perineal Laceration: A Case Report.

Obstetric severe perineal laceration can frequently occur as a surgical site infection (SSI), which sometimes leads to rectovaginal fistula after repair. We encountered a rare case of a rectoperineal fistula 5 months after repair of a severe perineal laceration. The patient was a 39-year-old woman who underwent repair of a fourth-degree perineal laceration after vaginal delivery.