Contributors to Organ Damage in Childhood Lupus: Corticosteroid Use and Disease Activity.

Background: Awareness of paediatric-specific predictors of damage in Childhood-lupus is needed to inform mitigation measures.

Objectives: To ascertain how clinical and demographic variables correlate with damage accrual and identify predictors of damage.

Methods: Analysis included UK JSLE Cohort Study participants.

The MICOS Complex Regulates Mitochondrial Structure and Oxidative Stress During Age-Dependent Structural Deficits in the Kidney.

The kidney filters nutrient waste and bodily fluids from the bloodstream, in addition to secondary functions of metabolism and hormone secretion, requiring an astonishing amount of energy to maintain its functions. In kidney cells, mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and help maintain kidney function. Due to aging, the efficiency of kidney functions begins to decrease.

How learning influences non-symbolic numerical processing: effects of feedback in the dot comparison task.

It has long been debated how humans estimate the numerosity of sets of elements and what role continuous visual properties play in this process. The dot comparison task, in which the more numerous of two dot arrays must be selected, is a dominant method to investigate this phenomenon. It has been shown that the visual properties of the two dot patterns strongly influence the comparison.

3D Mitochondrial Structure in Aging Human Skeletal Muscle: Insights into MFN-2 Mediated Changes.

Age-related atrophy of skeletal muscle, is characterized by loss of mass, strength, endurance, and oxidative capacity during aging. Notably, bioenergetics and protein turnover studies have shown that mitochondria mediate this decline in function. Although exercise has been the only therapy to mitigate sarcopenia, the mechanisms that govern how exercise serves to promote healthy muscle aging are unclear.

Relapse after cessation of weekly tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis: a multicentre service evaluation in England.

Objectives: The National Health Service in England funds 12 months of weekly subcutaneous tocilizumab (qwTCZ) for patients with relapsing or refractory giant cell arteritis (GCA). During the COVID-19 pandemic, some patients were allowed longer treatment. We sought to describe what happened to patients after cessation of qwTCZ.

Electrophysiological Correlates of the Interaction of Physical and Numerical Size in Symbolic Number Processing: Insights from a Novel Go/Nogo Numerical Stroop Task.

The interaction of physical and numerical size has been investigated and repeatedly demonstrated in the numerical Stroop task, in which participants compare digits of different physical sizes. It is, however, not entirely clear yet what psychological processes contribute to this interaction. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of inhibition in the interaction of physical and numerical size, by introducing a novel paradigm that is suitable to elicit inhibition-related event-related potential components.

Computational Models of Readers' Apperceptive Mass.

Recent progress in machine-learning-based distributed semantic models (DSMs) offers new ways to simulate the (AM; Kintsch, 1980) of reader groups or individual readers and to predict their performance in reading-related tasks. The AM integrates the mental lexicon with world knowledge, as for example, acquired reading books. Following pioneering work by Denhière and Lemaire (2004), here, we computed DSMs based on a representative corpus of German children and youth literature (Jacobs et al.

Effect of aprepitant on kynurenine to tryptophan ratio in cART treated and cART naïve adults living with HIV.

Changes in tryptophan metabolism affect human physiology including the immune system, mood, and sleep and are associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pathogenesis. This study investigates whether the treatment of HIV-infected individuals with the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, aprepitant, alters tryptophan metabolism.This study utilized archival samples from 3 phase 1B clinical trials "Anti-HIV Neuroimmunomodulatory Therapy with Neurokinin-1 Antagonist Aprepitant"-2 double-blinded, placebo-controlled, and 1 open-label study.

Pachydermodactyly presenting as juvenile idiopathic arthritis in an adolescent man.

We present the case of a 17-year-old Asian man diagnosed with pachydermodactyly, a rare digital fibromatosis. Although this is a non-inflammatory periarticular soft tissue disorder, the clinical appearance can mimic inflammatory arthritis. The patient had a 2-year history of fusiform swelling of multiple proximal interphalangeal joints.

The interplay between non-symbolic number and its continuous visual properties revisited: Effects of mixing trials of different types.

In the last few years, the existence of a pure number sense has been challenged. Recent studies suggest that numerosity processing is influenced not only by the number of elements in a display but also by continuous magnitudes, such as the size of the elements. The aim of our study was to replicate and extend the findings by Gebuis and Reynvoet, who systematically manipulated different continuous magnitudes either congruently or incongruently with discrete numerosity.

How do specialist trainee doctors acquire skills to practice patient-centred care? A qualitative exploration.

Objectives: The importance of patient-centred care (PCC) has been increasingly recognised. However, there is limited work exploring what doctors actually understand by PCC, and how they perceive they acquire PCC skills in the workplace. The objectives of our study were to explore (1) what UK doctors, in specialist training, perceive to be the essential components of PCC, (2) if/how they acquire these skills, (3) any facilitators/barriers for engaging in PCC and (4) views on their PCC training.

Anthropometric study of the knee in patients with osteoarthritis: intraoperative measurement versus magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To compare intraoperative measurements of the knee with those obtained by magnetic resonance imaging, in order to validate the latter method for use in anthropometric studies.

Materials And Methods: We studied 20 knees in 20 patients with osteoarthritis, all of whom underwent total arthroplasty between August and December of 2013. We took six measurements in the distal femur and two in the proximal tibia.

On Elementary Affective Decisions: To Like Or Not to Like, That Is the Question.

Perhaps the most ubiquitous and basic affective decision of daily life is deciding whether we like or dislike something/somebody, or, in terms of psychological emotion theories, whether the object/subject has positive or negative . Indeed, people constantly make such liking decisions within a glimpse and, importantly, often without expecting any obvious benefit or knowing the exact reasons for their judgment. In this paper, we review research on such ) that entail no direct overt reward with a special focus on and discuss methods and models for investigating the neuronal and cognitive-affective bases of EADs to verbal materials with differing degrees of complexity.

Differences in Selected HIV Care Continuum Outcomes Among People Residing in Rural, Urban, and Metropolitan Areas-28 US Jurisdictions.

Purpose: The HIV care continuum is used to monitor success in HIV diagnosis and treatment among persons living with HIV in the United States. Significant differences exist along the HIV care continuum between subpopulations of people living with HIV; however, differences that may exist between residents of rural and nonrural areas have not been reported.

Methods: We analyzed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National HIV Surveillance System data on adults and adolescents (≥13 years) with HIV diagnosed in 28 jurisdictions with complete reporting of HIV-related lab results.

Rotational assessment of distal femur and its relevance in total knee arthroplasty: analysis by magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To define the distal femur rotation pattern in a Brazilian population, correlating such pattern with the one suggested by the arthroplasty instruments, and analyzing the variability of each anatomic parameter.

Materials And Methods: A series of 101 magnetic resonance imaging studies were evaluated in the period between April and June 2012. The epidemiological data collection was performed with the aid of the institution's computed imaging system, and the sample included 52 male and 49 female patients.

Magnetic resonance study on the anatomical relationship between the posterior proximal region of the tibia and the popliteal artery.

Objective: To analyze and describe the distance from the popliteal artery to three specific areas of the proximal region of the tibia, with the knee extended, by means of magnetic resonance.

Methods: Images of 100 knees of patients who underwent magnetic resonance examinations were analyzed. The location of the popliteal artery was measured in three different areas of the posterior proximal region of the tibia.

Incidental sequence learning in a motion coherence discrimination task: How response learning affects perception.

The serial reaction time task (SRTT) is a standard task used to investigate incidental sequence learning. Whereas incidental learning of motor sequences is well-established, few and disputed results support learning of perceptual sequences. Here we adapt a motion coherence discrimination task (Newsome & Paré, 1988) to the sequence learning paradigm.

Quality of comprehensive HIV care in underserved communities: does clinical training lead to improvement.

The AIDS Education and Training Centers National Evaluation Center led collaborative research to evaluate whether Minority AIDS Initiative (MAI)-funded clinical training changes clinical practice. Chart abstraction and feedback (34 clinics; n = 530) were used to assess adherence to clinical practice guidelines, identify training needs, and assess change in clinical practice (14 clinics, n = 271). Generalized estimating equations were used to account for repeated measures within each clinic.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine with axial loading: a review of 120 cases.

Purpose: To evaluate the imaging findings of patients with clinical symptoms of lower back pain who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine with axial loading.

Materials And Methods: We examined 120 patients by MRI, before and after axial loading, using a compression device that applied 50% of their body weight for a load time of 5min. The dural sac cross area (DSCA) was examined by two experienced radiologists before and after axial load, and their findings were compared.

Rapid communication: Sex differences in artificial grammar learning: evidence for different strategies in men and women.

In this article we report an experiment that investigated differences in classification performance of women and men in artificial grammar learning (AGL). Women's and men's responses correspond to a large extent. Consistent differences, however, were found in a variable that codes overlaps between training and test items in terms of string fragments.

Is grammaticality inferred from global similarity? Comment on Jamieson and Mewhort (2009).

In a recent article, Jamieson and Mewhort (2009) proposed a novel account of artificial grammar learning (AGL), which is based on a multitrace model of episodic memory, the Minerva 2 model. According to this account, test performance in AGL is based on an assessment of global similarity of the test strings to the memory traces of the training strings. In this article, simulation studies are presented, showing for three different AGL experiments that the predictions of the Minerva 2 model strikingly deviate from participants' performance.

Connectionist models of artificial grammar learning: what type of knowledge is acquired?

Two experiments are presented that test the predictions of two associative learning models of Artificial Grammar Learning. The two models are the simple recurrent network (SRN) and the competitive chunking (CC) model. The two experiments investigate acquisition of different types of knowledge in this task: knowledge of frequency and novelty of stimulus fragments (Experiment 1) and knowledge of letter positions, of small fragments, and of large fragments up to entire strings (Experiment 2).