Proline enhances the hepatic induction of lipogenic gene expression in male hepatic fasn reporter mice.

Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is increased by both carbohydrate intake and protein consumption. In hepatic fat synthesis, a key role is played by the induction of the hepatic expression of lipogenic genes, including Fasn, Scd1, and Srebf1. Regarding carbohydrate intake, increased blood glucose and insulin levels promote the expression of hepatic lipogenic genes.

Advances in multimodal imaging for adrenal gland disorders: integrating CT, MRI, and nuclear medicine.

Adrenal diseases pose significant diagnostic challenges due to the wide range of neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathologies. Radiologists have a crucial role in diagnosing and managing these conditions by, leveraging advanced imaging techniques. This review discusses the vital role of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine in adrenal imaging, and focuses on morphological and functional evaluations.

Efficacy of tranilast in preventing exacerbating cardiac function and death from heart failure in muscular dystrophy patients with advanced-stage heart failure: a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study.

Background: Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 (TRPV2) functions as a stretch-sensitive calcium channel, with overexpression in the sarcolemma of skeletal and cardiac myocytes leading to detrimental calcium influx and triggering muscle degeneration. In our previous pilot study, we showed that tranilast, a TRPV2 inhibitor, reduced brain natriuretic peptide levels in two patients with muscular dystrophy and advanced heart failure. Building on this, we performed a single-arm, open-label, multicenter study herein to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tranilast in the treatment of advanced heart failure in patients with muscular dystrophy.

Identification of key gene signatures for predicting chemo-immunotherapy efficacy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer using machine learning.

Objectives: The lack of definitive biomarkers presents a significant challenge for chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We aimed to identify key genes associated with chemo-immunotherapy efficacy in ES-SCLC through comprehensive gene expression analysis using machine learning (ML).

Methods: A prospective multicenter cohort of patients with ES-SCLC who received first-line chemo-immunotherapy was analyzed.

Prediction of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Model and Electronic Medical Record Information.

Predicting cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI) before its onset is important. We aimed to develop a predictive model for Cis-AKI using patient clinical information based on an interpretable machine learning algorithm. This single-center retrospective study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years who received the first course of cisplatin chemotherapy from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, at Nagoya City University Hospital.

Cholangitis and Congestive Heart Failure Secondary to Biliary Hemorrhage in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia.

This case report discusses the case of a 74-year-old man who was diagnosed with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). The patient initially presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and was later diagnosed with cholangitis. Subsequently, heart failure was identified due to hepatic arteriovenous malformations.

Improvement in Atrial Fibrillation Detection by Pulse Checking of Patients with Non-Cardioembolic Stroke in Rehabilitation Hospitals: The ESCORT Study.

Background: Rehabilitation therapists are sometimes unaware of the possibility of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) and the importance of AF detection. Thus, we aimed to increase awareness among rehabilitation therapists of the importance of AF detection at rehabilitation hospitals during regular pulse checks of patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this multicenter prospective observational study, we enrolled patients with noncardiac stroke.

Exploring risk factors linked to canine lymphoma: a case-control study.

Environmental factors, largely influenced by human behavior, account for approximately 80 % of malignant tumors. Risk factors associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been identified in various countries among both humans and domestic animals. This study aimed to investigate potential risk factors for NHL in dogs residing in the district of Porto, Portugal.

Spatial transcriptome analysis of lung squamous cell carcinoma arising from interstitial pneumonia provides insights into tumor heterogeneity.

Interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a refractory disease that causes severe inflammation and fibrosis in the interstitium of the lungs, often resulting in the development of lung cancer (LC) during treatment. Previous studies have demonstrated that the prognosis of LC complicated by IP is inferior to that of LC without IP. It is therefore of the utmost importance to gain a deeper understanding of the heterogeneity of such tumors.

Changes in Muscle Hardness Induced by Exercise Load and the Influence of Electroacupuncture.

Objective: This study investigated the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on muscle hardness changes induced by exercise, using ultrasound real-time tissue elastography (RTE).

Materials And Methods: Healthy men were included in 2 experiments. Experiment 1 had 11, and Experiment 2 had 10.

Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Becker Muscular Dystrophy Having Pathogenic Microvariants or Duplications.

Background And Objectives: Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is an allelic disorder of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in which pathogenic variants in cause progressive worsening of motor dysfunction, muscle weakness and atrophy, and death due to respiratory and cardiac failure. BMD often has in-frame deletions that preserve the amino acid reading frame, but there are some cases with microvariants or duplications. In recent years, the importance of therapeutic development and care for BMD has been emphasized.

Diffractometer for element-specific analysis on local structures using a combination of X-ray fluorescence holography and anomalous X-ray scattering.

To tackle disorder in crystals and short- and intermediate-range order in amorphous materials, such as glass, we developed a carry-in diffractometer to utilise X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH) and anomalous X-ray scattering (AXS), facilitating element-specific analyses with atomic resolution using the wavelength tunability of a synchrotron X-ray source. Our diffractometer unifies XFH and AXS configurations to determine the crystal orientation via diffractometry. In particular, XFH was realised even for a crystal with blurred emission lines by a standing wave in a hologram, and high-throughput AXS with sufficient count statistics and energy resolution was achieved using three multi-array detectors with crystal analysers.

Establishment of feline embryonic stem cells from the inner cell mass of blastocysts produced .

Introduction: The rising number of cats as pets and the growing interest in animal welfare have led to an increased need for the latest treatments in feline veterinary medicine. Among these, veterinary regenerative medicine using pluripotent stem cells is gaining significant attention. However, there have been no reports on establishing feline embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines that possess the pluripotent potential and the ability to differentiate into three germ layers.

Evaluating the performance of personality-based profiling in predicting physical activity.

Background: Profiling or clustering individuals based on personality and other characteristics is a common statistical approach used in marketing, medicine, and social sciences. This approach improves data simplicity, supports the implementation of a data-driven decision-making process, and guides intervention strategies, such as personalized care. However, the clustering process involves loss of information owing to the discretization of continuous variables.

Introduction and Short-Term Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Transabdominal Preperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair at a Municipal Hospital by a Robotic Surgery Novice: A Single-Center, Observational Study.

Introduction: Robot-assisted transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (RTAPP) has been rapidly gaining popularity. However, RTAPP is currently limited to university hospitals and large medical centers and is performed mainly by experts in robotic surgery in Japan. In this study, we report the introduction of RTAPP at a municipal hospital by a robotic surgery novice and its short-term outcomes.

Girdin deficiency causes developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with hippocampal sclerosis and interneuronopathy.

Objective: Loss-of-function mutations in the GIRDIN/CCDC88A gene cause developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) in humans. However, its pathogenesis is largely unknown. Global knockout mice of the corresponding orthologous gene (gKOs) have a preweaning lethal phenotype with growth failure, preventing longitudinal analysis.

A nationwide survey of antimicrobial resistance of isolated from broiler chickens in Malawi.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health challenge with profound implications across sectors. Livestock, a significant field at the One Health interface, lacks sufficient information, particularly in low-resource settings such as Malawi.

Objectives: We determined the antimicrobial resistance rates of isolated from broiler chickens in Malawi and explored the relationship between resistance genes across sectors using genomic analysis.

Functions of Smartphone Apps and Wearable Devices Promoting Physical Activity: Six-Month Longitudinal Study on Japanese-Speaking Adults.

Background: Smartphone apps and wearable activity trackers are increasingly recognized for their potential to promote physical activity (PA). While studies suggest that the use of commercial mobile health tools is associated with higher PA levels, most existing evidence is cross-sectional, leaving a gap in longitudinal data.

Objective: This study aims to identify app-use patterns that are prospectively associated with increases in and maintenance of PA.

The need for a second transurethral resection in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer based on the Vesicle Imaging-Reporting and Data System.

Background: The efficacy of Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) for the second transurethral resection (TUR) has not been adequately validated. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the VI-RADS for high-risk patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who are candidates for a second TUR.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 116 patients who received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to an initial TUR and underwent a second TUR for a diagnosis of high-risk NMIBC at the initial TUR.

Reassessment of the phylogenetic position of the spiny-scale pricklefish Hispidoberyx ambagiosus (Teleostei: Hispidoberycidae) based on comparative morphology.

The spiny-scale pricklefish Hispidoberyx ambagiosus Kotlyar, 1981, the sole member of the family Hispidoberycidae, is known from only a few specimens collected from tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific region. Because its phylogenetic position has not been well investigated, the present study describes the osteology, myology and other morphological features of H. ambagiosus, and reassesses the phylogenetic position of the species, and its relationships with related taxa.

Serial positron-emission tomography after induction therapy as a predictor of prognostic outcomes for patients with thymic carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the role of F-fluorodeoxy glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) to assess pathological response and prognosis after induction therapy in patients with thymic carcinoma.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 18 patients with thymic carcinoma who underwent FDG-PET, before and after induction therapy. We measured the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the tumor and analyzed the correlation between the change in SUVmax and pathological response or recurrence.