Retrocaval ureter: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: The retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from abnormal development of the inferior vena cava. The obstruction is usually at the retrocaval segment of the ureter, as it lies between the inferior vena cava and the body of the third lumbar vertebra. Computed tomography intravenous urography is the gold standard for investigating this condition and can reveal ipsilateral hydronephrosis and the fishhook sign or sickle sign of the proximal ureter, depending on the type of retrocaval ureter.

Extent and pattern of symptom relief following surgical castration in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Advanced prostate cancer leads to many symptoms, notably bone pain and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTs); however, the degree and duration of pain relief, changes in LUTs severity and underlying factors associated with the extent of symptom relief remain inadequately understood. Surgical castration has proven effective in relieving both bone pain and urinary symptoms for metastatic prostate cancer patients.

Objective: To determine the extent and pattern of symptom relief in advanced prostate cancer patients following surgical castration at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH).

Persistent ureteric stump syndrome post ureteric re-implantation following impacted distal ureterolithiasis: Experience from tertiary hospital. Case report.

Introduction And Importance: Ureteric stump syndrome [USS] is a series of febrile recurrent lower abdominal pain, urinary tract infections, and hematuria that sometimes present with empyema as a rare complication. The ureteric stump is left after ureteric re-implantation due to an impacted stone at the Vesical-ureteric junction [VUJ], or after nephrectomy of a non-functional kidney due to a distal stone; the ureteral stump forms a source of infection to the urinary bladder, in addition to long-term obstructive stones left at the ureteric stamp. This usually cause chronic irritation of the mucosa and potentially change to metaplasia, dysplasia and malignancy.

Surgical management of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux in an 18-month-old female with a solitary kidney: A case report from a resource-limited setting.

Key Clinical Message: Conservative nonsurgical therapy ensures that the resolution is nearly 80% for vesicoureteral reflux grades I and II and 30%-50% for vesicoureteral reflux grades III and V within 4-5 years of follow-up. Open surgical reimplantation of ureters of grades IV and V is a highly successful procedure, with reported correction rates ranging from 95% to 99% regardless of the severity of vesicoureteral reflux.

Abstract: Patients with vesicoureteral reflux present with a wide range of severity.

Surgical excision of acquired urethral diverticulum and single-stage urethroplasty for a 32-year-old male. Case report and literature review.

Introduction: Urethral diverticulum (UD) is a saccular dilatation of the urethral wall, continuous with the true urethral lumen. It is categorized etiologically into congenital and acquired. The etiology of an acquired urethral diverticulum is thought to be secondary to trauma.