Usage status of biologics for the chronic treatment of optic neuritis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in Japan.

Purpose: To investigate the usage status of biologics for the chronic treatment of optic neuritis including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in Japan.

Design: Multicenter retrospective case series.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with anti-aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) positive optic neuritis and had been initiated on biologics (satralizumab, eculizumab, and inebilizumab) between January 2020 and August 2022 were identified at 30 facilities in Japan.

Morphological Changes and Potential Mechanisms of Intraocular Pressure Reduction after Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation in Rabbits.

Introduction: Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) is a method for intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in patients with glaucoma; however, the specific mechanisms underlying its ability to reduce IOP remain unclear. We therefore investigated the morphological changes and mechanisms of IOP reduction after MP-TSCPC.

Methods: The right eyes of 4 pigmented rabbits were treated with MP-TSCPC with power setting corresponding to those used in glaucoma patients (1 power: 2,000 mW; time: 160 s; duty cycle: 31.

Effects of 0.4% ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate on morphological changes in rabbit eyes.

We evaluated the cellular structure changes after continuous use of ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate in rabbit eyes which might affect its own efficacy and adverse effects. Two pigmented Dutch rabbits and 1 Japanese white rabbit were instilled with 0.4% ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate to the left eye twice daily.

Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Optic Neuritis in Japan.

Purpose: To elucidate the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of optic neuritis in Japan.

Design: Multicenter cross-sectional, observational cohort study.

Participants: A total of 531 cases of unilateral or bilateral noninfectious optic neuritis identified in 33 institutions nationwide in Japan.

Histopathological Changes of Inner Retina, Optic Disc, and Optic Nerve in Rabbit with Advanced Retinitis Pigmentosa.

We observed the histopathological changes of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), optic disc, and optic nerve in rabbit with advanced retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Wild-type (WT) and rhodopsin transgenic (Tg) of RP rabbits were used at age 24 months. Light and electron microscopy were used to observe the retina, optic disc, and optic nerve.

Pre- and postsynaptic effects of brimonidine on isolated rabbit iris dilator muscles.

Purpose: Brimonidine is an imidazoline compound used for the treatment of glaucoma, but having very little effect on pupil diameter. Like para-aminoclonidine, most imidazoline compounds interact with postsynaptic α-adrenoceptors and cause pupil dilatation. Therefore, as part of an investigation of the mechanism of action of brimonidine on pupil diameter, the present study was initiated to measure, in vitro, the relative potency of brimonidine on the pre- and postsynaptic α-adrenoceptors of rabbit iris dilator muscle.

Functional and morphological study of retinal photoreceptor cell degeneration in transgenic rabbits with a Pro347Leu rhodopsin mutation.

Purpose: To investigate the process of retinal degeneration by analyzing the functional and morphological findings in transgenic rabbits with a Pro347Leu rhodopsin mutation.

Methods: Wild-type (WT) and transgenic (Tg) rabbits at ages 4, 8 and 12 months were used. We conducted functional evaluation by recording the changes in the pupil response to red and blue light stimulation and the amplitude of the electroretinography (ERG).

Effects of tamsulosin and silodosin on isolated albino and pigmented rabbit iris dilators: possible mechanism of intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome.

Purpose: To determine the mechanism of intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome (IFIS) by examining the binding affinity of tamsulosin and silodosin to α-receptors and melanin pigment using control and α(2)-blocker chronically administered in rabbit models.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.

Design: Experimental study.

Pharmacological vascular reactivity in isolated diabetic rabbit ciliary artery.

Impairment of the ocular circulation induced by diabetes mellitus has not been fully defined, but is thought to be related to hemodynamic changes in the ocular circulation. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the functional and morphological changes occurring in the ciliary artery wall of rabbits with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. A single intravenous bolus injection of alloxan (100 mg/kg) was given to each of 26 10-week-old rabbits and 16 sham-injected control rabbits.

Pharmacological vascular reactivity in isolated hypercholesterolemic rabbit ciliary artery.

We have investigated functional and morphological changes occurring in the wall of the hypercholesterolemic rabbit ciliary artery. A mutant rabbit with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis was created by serial breeding. Ciliary arteries from hypercholesterolemic, age-matched control and young control rabbits' eyes were mounted in a myograph system.

Pharmacological effects of latanoprost, prostaglandin E2, and F2alpha on isolated rabbit ciliary artery.

Background: Latanoprost is a prostaglandin (PG)F2alpha analogue widely recognized in the treatment of glaucoma. To investigate the action of this drug on the ocular circulation, we have studied its effects on isolated rabbit ciliary artery. The data obtained on this drug are compared with the data from PGE2 and PGF2alpha.