Validation study of a clinical diagnosis support tool for lumbar spinal stenosis.

Background: A clinical diagnosis support tool for lumbar spinal stenosis was developed by the Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research. However, the use of this tool has not yet been validated.

Methods: Patients with symptoms in the lower extremities and who visited the Department of Orthopedics initially were recruited to the study.

Mechanism of whiplash injury.

OBJECTIVE: To propose a different hypothesis of whiplash injury mechanism based on a series of experimental studies summarized in this communication. DESIGN: A series of biomechanical studies simulating whiplash trauma using isolated human cadaveric spine specimens. BACKGROUND: Whiplash injuries are on the rise as reported in several recent studies, due primarily to the increased traffic density.

Critical load of the human cervical spine: an in vitro experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the critical load of the osteoligamentous cervical spine in frontal plane. DESIGN: Whole human cervical spine specimens were loaded in axial compression with increasing force until the point of buckling. BACKGROUND: The osteoligamentous cervical spine and the surrounding muscles support the weight of the head and the external loads applied to it.