Curcumin derivative C212 inhibits Hsp90 and eliminates both growing and quiescent leukemia cells in deep dormancy.

Background: Relapsed leukemia following initial therapeutic response and remission is difficult to treat and causes high patient mortality. Leukemia relapse is due to residual quiescent leukemia cells that escape conventional therapies and later reemerge. Eliminating not only growing but quiescent leukemia cells is critical to effectively treating leukemia and preventing its recurrence.

Graded regulation of cellular quiescence depth between proliferation and senescence by a lysosomal dimmer switch.

The reactivation of quiescent cells to proliferate is fundamental to tissue repair and homeostasis in the body. Often referred to as the G0 state, quiescence is, however, not a uniform state but with graded depth. Shallow quiescent cells exhibit a higher tendency to revert to proliferation than deep quiescent cells, while deep quiescent cells are still fully reversible under physiological conditions, distinct from senescent cells.

Multi-wavelength quantitative polarization and phase microscope.

We introduce a snapshot multi-wavelength quantitative polarization and phase microscope (MQPPM) for measuring spectral dependent quantitative polarization and phase information. The system uniquely integrates a polarized light microscope and a snap-shot quantitative phase microscope in a single system, utilizing a novel full-Stokes camera operating in the red, green, and blue (RGB) spectrum. The linear retardance and fast axis orientation of a birefringent sample can be measured simultaneously in the visible spectra.

Controlling Depth of Cellular Quiescence by an Rb-E2F Network Switch.

Quiescence is a non-proliferative cellular state that is critical to tissue repair and regeneration. Although often described as the G0 phase, quiescence is not a single homogeneous state. As cells remain quiescent for longer durations, they move progressively deeper and display a reduced sensitivity to growth signals.

Exit from quiescence displays a memory of cell growth and division.

Reactivating quiescent cells to proliferate is critical to tissue repair and homoeostasis. Quiescence exit is highly noisy even for genetically identical cells under the same environmental conditions. Deregulation of quiescence exit is associated with many diseases, but cellular mechanisms underlying the noisy process of exiting quiescence are poorly understood.

The existence of Th22, pure Th17 and Th1 cells in CIN and Cervical Cancer along with their frequency variation in different stages of cervical cancer.

Background: Recently, it is found that T-helper (Th) 22 cells are involved in different types of autoimmune and tumor diseases. But, till now, no study has been carried out to understand the involvement of these cells in cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: Flow cytometry was used to determine the expression of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-22 (IL-22), IL-17 in the peripheral blood of healthy controls (HC), CIN and cervical cancer patients.

MP470, a novel receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with Erlotinib inhibits the HER family/PI3K/Akt pathway and tumor growth in prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer is a common disease in men and at present there is no effective therapy available due to its recurrence despite androgen deprivation therapy. The epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR/HER1, HER2/neu and HER3)/PI3K/Akt signaling axis has been implicated in prostate cancer development and progression. However, Erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has less effect on proliferation and apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines.

Design and activity of a murine and humanized anti-CEACAM6 single-chain variable fragment in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal disease, with surgery being the only curative modality for localized disease, and gemcitabine with or without erlotinib remains the standard of therapy for unresectable or metastatic disease. CEACAM6 is overexpressed in human PDA independent of stage or grade and causes anoikis resistance when dysregulated. Because murine monoclonal antibody 13-1 possesses target-specific cytotoxicity in human PDA cell lines, we designed a humanized anti-CEACAM6 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) based on monoclonal antibody 13-1.

Transcriptosome and serum cytokine profiling of an atypical case of myelodysplastic syndrome with progression to acute myelogenous leukemia.

A Native American-Indian female presenting with anemia and thrombocytosis was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, refractory anemia). Over the course of 5 years she developed cytopenias and periods of leukocytosis with normal bone marrow (BM) blast counts, features of an unclassifiable MDS/MPS syndrome. The patient ultimately progressed to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, FAB M2) and had a normal karyotype throughout her course.

Transcript profiling in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies distinct tumor profile signatures.

To glean biological differences and similarities of peripheral T-cell lymphoma-not otherwise specified [PTCL-NOS] to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a transcriptosome analysis was done on five PTCL-NOS and four DLBCL patients and validated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR on 10 selected genes. Normal peripheral blood T cells, peripheral blood B cells, and lymph node were used as controls. The resultant gene expression profile delineated distinct "tumor profile signatures" for PTCL-NOS and DLBCL.