High-intensity breastfeeding improves insulin sensitivity during early post-partum period in obese women with gestational diabetes.

Aim: To investigate whether high-intensity breastfeeding (HIB) reduces insulin resistance during early post-partum period in women with gestational diabetes (GDM), independent of post-partum weight change (PWC).

Materials And Methods: In this multicentre prospective study, we included Japanese women with GDM who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during early post-partum. We measured plasma insulin during OGTT to obtain a homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Clinical characteristics of HIV-1-infected patients with high levels of plasma interferon-γ: a multicenter observational study.

Background: Circulating interferon-γ (IFN-γ) concentration may be sustained at a high level regardless of the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in some patients with HIV-1 infection. In the present study, we examined the clinical characteristics of HIV-1-infected patients with high levels of plasma IFN-γ.

Methods: The study subjects were patients infected with HIV-1 who were either naïve to ART with CD4 cell count > 200 cells/μL (n = 12), or had achieved viral suppression after ART for over a year (n = 188).