Dietary intake of tomato and lycopene, blood levels of lycopene, and risk of total and specific cancers in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background: The association between tomato/lycopene intake and blood levels of lycopene with the risk of specific cancers were assessed in previous meta-analyses; however, no study evaluated the risk of overall cancer incidence/mortality. Therefore, the present systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aimed to summarize available findings from prospective studies to examine the association between tomato/lycopene intake and lycopene levels with the risk of total and specific cancers and cancer-related mortality.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was done using Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar until July 2023.