Beyond Bias: Aggregate Approaches to Conflicts of Interest Research and Policy in Biomedical Research.

Considerable efforts have been devoted to addressing the problem of conflicts of interest (COI) in health research, policy, education, and practice. An overwhelming body of evidence demonstrates that conflicts associate with deleterious outcomes for the biomedical research enterprise. Nevertheless, little has changed for research, specifically, since the Institute of Medicine's landmark was published over a decade ago.