Anti-racism bystander training: A critical need in medical schools.

Despite increasing acknowledgment of racism in both the curricular and clinical spaces, it continues to pervade the medical field, with clear detrimental impacts to the health of our patients. The introduction of anti-racism bystander training (ARBT) may provide a unique opportunity to reduce inequitable care and health disparities that occur secondary to racism in healthcare. ARBT, in its various forms, has been shown to be an effective method to increase participants' confidence and efficacy in intervening on observed racist encounters.

Treatment of vocal tremor with bilateral magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus: illustrative case.

Background: Essential vocal tremor is a difficult disease entity to treat with a poor response to existing medical management and limited options for surgical management of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is an emerging treatment modality with encouraging results for limb tremor in patients with essential tremor, but data are limited for the treatment of vocal tremor.

Observations: This is the case of a 69-year-old male with a history of essential vocal tremor severely limiting his ability to perform his occupation as an opera singer.

Critical Components of Diversity Initiatives.

The importance of diversity is well established and holds important implications for workplace and physician-patient relationships. Evaluation of diversity statistics within otolaryngology-head and neck surgery reveals areas of deficiency that may be improved with targeted proactive approaches. This article provides a general overview of diversity within otolaryngology, highlights key components of diversity initiatives, and provides strategies for implementation.

Multi-Institutional Analysis of Outcomes in Supraglottic Jet Ventilation with a Team-Based Approach.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the safety and complications of endoscopic airway surgery using supraglottic jet ventilation with a team-based approach.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Subjects at two academic institutions diagnosed with laryngotracheal stenosis who underwent endoscopic airway surgery with jet ventilation between January 2008 and December 2018 were identified.

Development of an interprofessional clinical learning environment report card.

Multiple factors in the learning environment can encourage or impede student learning. Unanswered questions regarding the shared learning environment for graduate nursing and medical education and the desire for an ongoing improvement process drove creation of an interprofessional collaborative and development of an Interprofessional Clinical Learning Environment Report Card (I-CLERC) at one U.S.

Randomized controlled trial of supplemental augmentative and alternative communication versus voice rest alone after phonomicrosurgery.

Objective: This randomized trial investigated voice rest and supplemental text-to-speech communication versus voice rest alone on visual analog scale measures of communication effectiveness and magnitude of voice use.

Study Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Multicenter outpatient voice clinics.

Injection versus medialization laryngoplasty for the treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis: follow-up at six months.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine whether injection laryngoplasty or medialization laryngoplasty is more effective in the long-term treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP).

Study Design: A retrospective study of patients with UFVP who underwent either injection or medialization laryngoplasty at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences between July 29, 2003 and November 18, 2005.

Methods: The data analyzed included patient characteristics and type of intervention, along with the pretreatment and post-treatment parameters of videostrobolaryngoscopy, perceptual voice analysis, and patients' subjective assessment of voice handicap.

Endoscopic management of airway venous malformations with Nd:YAG laser.

Objectives: The neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser is a powerful tool in treating venous malformations (VMs) involving the upper airway. If left untreated, laryngeal VMs can lead to life-threatening airway obstruction. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic management of laryngeal VMs with the Nd:YAG laser.