Concurrent Validity Evidence for Pressure-Sensing Walkways Measuring Spatiotemporal Features of Gait: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Technologies that capture and analyze movement patterns for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes are a major locus of innovation in the United States. Several studies have evaluated their measurement properties in different conditions with variable findings. To date, the authors are not aware of any systematic review of studies conducted to assess the concurrent validity of pressure-sensing walkway technologies.

Remote-Use Applications of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised Clinical Outcome Assessment Tool: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: In 2021, the US Congress passed the Accelerating Access to Critical Therapies for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Act. The law encourages development of "tools, methods, and processes" to improve clinical trial efficiency for neurodegenerative diseases. The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) is an outcome measure administered during in-person clinic visits and used to support investigational studies for persons living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Usability and acceptability of virtual reality for chronic pain management among diverse patients in a safety-net setting: a qualitative analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand the usability and acceptability of virtual reality (VR) among a racially and ethnically diverse group of patients who experience chronic pain.

Materials And Methods: Using the Technology Acceptance Model theory, we conducted semistructured interviews and direct observation of VR use with English-speaking patients who experience chronic pain treated in a public healthcare system ( = 15), using a commercially available VR technology platform. Interviews included questions about current pain management strategies, technology use, experiences and opinions with VR, and motivators for future use.

Evaluation Challenges for the Application of Extended Reality Devices in Medicine.

Augmented and virtual reality devices are being actively investigated and implemented for a wide range of medical uses. However, significant gaps in the evaluation of these medical devices and applications hinder their regulatory evaluation. Addressing these gaps is critical to demonstrating the devices' safety and effectiveness.

Comparison of Motion Analysis Systems in Tracking Upper Body Movement of Myoelectric Bypass Prosthesis Users.

Current literature lacks a comparative analysis of different motion capture systems for tracking upper limb (UL) movement as individuals perform standard tasks. To better understand the performance of various motion capture systems in quantifying UL movement in the prosthesis user population, this study compares joint angles derived from three systems that vary in cost and motion capture mechanisms: a marker-based system (Vicon), an inertial measurement unit system (Xsens), and a markerless system (Kinect). Ten healthy participants (5F/5M; 29.

Understanding the Relationship Between Patient-Reported Function and Actual Function in the Upper Limb Prosthesis User Population: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: To understand how perceived function relates to actual function at a specific stage in the rehabilitation process for the population using upper limb prostheses.

Design: Quantitative clinical descriptive study.

Setting: Clinical offices.

Factors influencing perceived function in the upper limb prosthesis user population.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can be used to evaluate perceived capacity of an individual in executing tasks in a natural environment with their prosthetic device. According to the World Health Organization International Classification of Health, Functioning, and Disability (ICF) models, there may be specific factors of a person, factors of assistive prosthetic technology, or factors related to the health condition or body function that affect their functioning and disability. However, an understanding of factors affecting an upper limb prosthesis user's perception of their ability to execute tasks in a natural environment is not well established.

Evaluating the Impact of IMU Sensor Location and Walking Task on Accuracy of Gait Event Detection Algorithms.

There are several algorithms that use the 3D acceleration and/or rotational velocity vectors from IMU sensors to identify gait events (i.e., toe-off and heel-strike).

Quantifying Signal Quality From Unimodal and Multimodal Sources: Application to EEG With Ocular and Motion Artifacts.

With prevalence of electrophysiological data collected outside of the laboratory from portable, non-invasive modalities growing at a rapid rate, the quality of these recorded data, if not adequate, could affect the effectiveness of medical devices that depend of them. In this work, we propose novel methods to evaluate electrophysiological signal quality to determine how much of the data represents the physiological source of interest. Data driven models are investigated through Bayesian decision and deep learning-based methods to score unimodal (signal and noise recorded on same device) and multimodal (signal and noise each recorded from different devices) data, respectively.

Application of machine learning to the identification of joint degrees of freedom involved in abnormal movement during upper limb prosthesis use.

To evaluate movement quality of upper limb (UL) prosthesis users, performance-based outcome measures have been developed that examine the normalcy of movement as compared to a person with a sound, intact hand. However, the broad definition of "normal movement" and the subjective nature of scoring can make it difficult to know which areas of the body to evaluate, and the expected magnitude of deviation from normative movement. To provide a more robust approach to characterizing movement differences, the goals of this work are to identify degrees of freedom (DOFs) that will inform abnormal movement for several tasks using unsupervised machine learning (clustering methods) and elucidate the variations in movement approach across two upper-limb prosthesis devices with varying DOFs as compared to healthy controls.

Comparison of DEKA Arm and Body-Powered Upper Limb Prosthesis Joint Kinematics.

Objectives: To study the effects of advancements in upper-limb prosthesis technology on the user through biomechanical analyses at the joint level to quantitatively examine movement differences of individuals using an advanced upper-limb device, the DEKA Arm, and a conventional device, a body-powered Hosmer hook.

Design: Clinical measurement.

Setting: Laboratories at the United States Food and Drug Administration.

Optimization of IMU Sensor Placement for the Measurement of Lower Limb Joint Kinematics.

There is an increased interest in using wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs) in clinical contexts for the diagnosis and rehabilitation of gait pathologies. Despite this interest, there is a lack of research regarding optimal sensor placement when measuring joint kinematics and few studies which examine functionally relevant motions other than straight level walking. The goal of this clinical measurement research study was to investigate how the location of IMU sensors on the lower body impact the accuracy of IMU-based hip, knee, and ankle angular kinematics.

Deep learning and feature based medication classifications from EEG in a large clinical data set.

The amount of freely available human phenotypic data is increasing daily, and yet little is known about the types of inferences or identifying characteristics that could reasonably be drawn from that data using new statistical methods. One data type of particular interest is electroencephalographical (EEG) data, collected noninvasively from humans in various behavioral contexts. The Temple University EEG corpus associates thousands of hours of de-identified EEG records with contemporaneous physician reports that include metadata that might be expected to show a measurable correlation with characteristics of the recorded signal.

Computational musculoskeletal modeling of compensatory movements in the upper limb.

It is well documented that most upper limb amputees utilize compensatory movement strategies to accomplish everyday tasks when using a prosthetic device and that musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) are more common in this population. However, little information is available on how the loss of distal degrees of freedom (DOFs) in the arm impact muscle force, thereby limiting our understanding of the mechanism by which these MSCs are manifesting. Knowledge of how a loss of DOFs may lead to MSCs can enable clinicians to provide more targeted guidance on how best to restore functional ability while addressing pain, and may serve as a tool for prescriptive decision-making when determining the impact of device selection on long-term clinical needs.

Kinematic analysis of motor learning in upper limb body-powered bypass prosthesis training.

Motor learning and compensatory movement are important aspects of prosthesis training yet relatively little quantitative evidence supports our current understanding of how motor control and compensation develop in the novel body-powered prosthesis user. The goal of this study is to assess these aspects of prosthesis training through functional, kinematic, and kinetic analyses using a within-subject paradigm compared across two training time points. The joints evaluated include the left and right shoulders, torso, and right elbow.

Capacity Assessment of Prosthetic Performance for the Upper Limb (CAPPFUL): Characterization of Normative Kinematics and Performance.

Background: Evaluation of maladaptive compensatory movement is important to objectively identify the impact of prosthetic rehabilitative intervention on body mechanics. The Capacity Assessment of Prosthetic Performance for the Upper Limb (CAPPFUL) scores this type of compensation by comparing movements of the prosthesis user to movements of individuals with intact, sound upper limbs (ULs). However, expected movements of individuals with sound, intact ULs have not been studied for the set of tasks performed in the CAPPFUL.

Consistency of quantitative electroencephalography features in a large clinical data set.

Objective: Despite their increasing use and public health importance, little is known about the consistency and variability of the quantitative features of baseline electroencephalography (EEG) measurements in healthy individuals and populations. This study aims to investigate population consistency of EEG features.

Approach: We propose a non-parametric method of evaluating consistency of commonly used EEG features based on counts of non-significant statistical tests using a large data set.

Assessing kinematic variability during performance of Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test.

Study Design: Clinical measurement; 22 subjects with no upper limb disability completed the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JHFT).

Introduction: To realize the potential of 3D motion capture to augment evaluation of individuals with upper limb disability/impairment, it is important to understand the expected kinematic motion that characterizes performance during functional evaluation.

Purpose Of The Study: To assess kinematic variability and establish kinematic patterns for the JHFT.

Evaluation of Performance-Based Outcome Measures for the Upper Limb: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Unlabelled: Objective performance-based outcome measures (OMs) have the potential to provide unbiased and reproducible assessments of limb function. However, very few of these performance-based OMs have been validated for upper limb (UL) prosthesis users. OMs validated in other clinical populations (eg, neurologic or musculoskeletal conditions) could be used to fill gaps in existing performance-based OMs for UL amputees.

Creating a standardized, quantitative training protocol for upper limb bypass prostheses.

We aim to present a standard protocol for training able-bodied individuals to use a body-powered bypass prosthesis and assess training length and impact of prepositioning. The protocol design and subsequent analysis aims to facilitate controlled and efficient implementation of the able-bodied bypass user in the research setting. Six volunteers completed ten two-hour sessions with a body-powered bypass prosthesis.

Deployment of Mobile EEG Technology in an Art Museum Setting: Evaluation of Signal Quality and Usability.

Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a powerful tool for quantitatively studying the brain that enables natural and mobile experiments. Recent advances in EEG have allowed for the use of dry electrodes that do not require a conductive medium between the recording electrode and the scalp. The overall goal of this research was to gain an understanding of the overall usability and signal quality of dry EEG headsets compared to traditional gel-based systems in an unconstrained environment.

Targeted box and blocks test: Normative data and comparison to standard tests.

Background: The Box and Block Test (BBT) is a functional outcome measure that is commonly used across multiple clinical populations due to its benefits of ease and speed of implementation; reliable, objective measurement; and repetition of motion. In this study, we introduce a novel outcome measure called the targeted BBT that allows for the study of initiation, grasping, and transport of objects, and also of object release. These modifications to the existing test may increase the ecological validity of the measure while still retaining the previously stated benefits of the standard BBT.

An Integrated Movement Analysis Framework to Study Upper Limb Function: A Pilot Study.

The functional capabilities of individuals with upper limb disabilities are assessed throughout rehabilitation and treatment regimens using functional outcome measures. For the upper limb amputee population, there are none which quantitatively take into account the quality of movement while an individual is performing tasks. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an integrated movement analysis framework, based on motion capture and ground reaction force data, to capture quantitative information about how subjects complete a commonly used functional outcome measure, the Box and Blocks Test (BBT).

System to induce and measure embodiment of an artificial hand with programmable convergent visual and tactile stimuli.

The sense of prosthesis embodiment, or the feeling that the device has been incorporated into a user's body image, may be enhanced by emerging technology such as invasive electrical stimulation for sensory feedback. In turn, prosthesis embodiment may be linked to increased prosthesis use and improved functional outcomes. We describe the development of a tool to assay artificial hand embodiment in a quantitative way in people with intact limbs, and characterize its operation.

Corrigendum: Your Brain on Art: Emergent Cortical Dynamics During Aesthetic Experiences.

[This corrects the article on p. 626 in vol. 9, PMID: 26635579.