Patient-Clinician Communication Interventions Across Multiple Primary Care Sites: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Despite various attempts to improve patient-clinician communication, there has been limited head-to-head comparison of these efforts.

Objective: To assess whether clinician coaching (mobile application or in-person) is more effective than reminder posters in examination rooms and whether mobile app use is noninferior to in-person coaching.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cluster randomized clinical trial with 3 arms.

Healthy at Home for COPD: An Integrated Digital Monitoring, Treatment, and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Intervention.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Frequent exacerbations result in higher use of emergency services and hospitalizations, leading to poor patient outcomes and high costs.

Objective: Demonstrate the feasibility of a multimodal, digitally enhanced remote monitoring, treatment, and tele-pulmonary rehabilitation intervention among patients with COPD.

COVID-19 clinical trials: who is likely to participate and why?

To identify factors associated with willingness to participate in a COVID-19 clinical trial and reasons for and against participating. We surveyed Massachusetts (MA, USA) residents online using the Dynata survey platform and via phone using random digit dialing between October and November 2021. Respondents were asked to imagine they were hospitalized with COVID-19 and invited to participate in a treatment trial.

Primary care providers' views of discussing COVID-19 vaccination with vaccine hesitant patients: A qualitative study.

Objective: To describe primary care providers' (PCPs) perspectives on discussing COVID-19 vaccination with their patients.

Methods: All PCPs from 11 primary care clinics at 3 health systems were invited to participate. Focus groups were conducted between December 2021-January 2022, and were recorded and transcribed.

Long COVID awareness and receipt of medical care: a survey among populations at risk for disparities.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has been characterized by disparities in disease burden and medical care provision. Whether these disparities extend to long COVID awareness and receipt of medical care is unknown. We aimed to characterize awareness of long COVID and receipt of medical care for long COVID symptoms among populations who experience disparities in the United States (US).

Rationale and Design of Healthy at Home for COPD: an Integrated Remote Patient Monitoring and Virtual Pulmonary Rehabilitation Pilot Study.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, costly, and morbid condition. Pulmonary rehabilitation, close monitoring, and early intervention during acute exacerbations of symptoms represent a comprehensive approach to improve outcomes, but the optimal means of delivering these services is uncertain. Logistical, financial, and social barriers to providing healthcare through face-to-face encounters, paired with recent developments in technology, have stimulated interest in exploring alternative models of care.

Patients' Perspectives on Plans Generated During Primary Care Visits and Self-Reported Adherence at 3 Months: Data From a Randomized Trial.

Background: Effective primary care necessitates follow-up actions by the patient beyond the visit. Prior research suggests room for improvement in patient adherence.

Objective: This study sought to understand patients' views on their primary care visits, the plans generated therein, and their self-reported adherence after 3 months.

From COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy to Vaccine Acceptance: Results of a Longitudinal Survey.

Objectives: COVID-19 vaccines are widely available, but uptake is suboptimal. To develop strategies to increase vaccination rates, we sought to (1) characterize adults initially hesitant to be vaccinated for COVID-19 who later received the vaccine and (2) identify factors associated with their vaccination decision.

Methods: In January 2021, we conducted an online survey of US adults via Prolific that assessed vaccination intent, COVID-19-related knowledge and attitudes, and demographic characteristics.

Impact of a physician recommendation on COVID-19 vaccination intent among vaccine hesitant individuals.

Objective: To test the impact of varied physician recommendations on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Methods: We conducted a vignette-based experimental survey on Prolific, an online research platform. COVID-19 vaccine hesitant, adult panel members were assigned to one of five messages that varied by recommendation style (participatory vs explicit) and strategy (acknowledgement of concerns; comparison to the flu shot; statement that millions of people have already received it; emphasis on protecting others).

Preferences for COVID-19 vaccination information and location: Associations with vaccine hesitancy, race and ethnicity.

This study examined the association between preferences for being informed about the COVID-19 vaccine and where to receive it with vaccination intent and race/ethnicity. We conducted an online survey, oversampling Black and Latino panel members. The 1668 participants were 53.

Can sharing clinic notes improve communication and promote self-management? A qualitative study of patients with COPD.

Objective: To understand the impact of sharing clinic notes on communication and self-management among patients with COPD and to develop recommendations for writing patient-centered notes.

Methods: Thirty patients with COPD participated in 'think-aloud' interviews in which they reviewed their COPD-specific clinic note. Interviews were coded using conventional content analysis, organized by the six-function communication framework.

The Association of Nursing Home Characteristics and Quality with Adverse Events After a Hospitalization.

Background/objectives: We previously found high rates of adverse events (AEs) for long-stay nursing home residents who return to the facility after a hospitalization. Further evidence about the association of AEs with aspects of the facilities and their quality may support quality improvement efforts directed at reducing risk.

Design: Prospective cohort analysis.

Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine : A Survey of U.S. Adults.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly instigated a global pandemic. Vaccine development is proceeding at an unprecedented pace. Once available, it will be important to maximize vaccine uptake and coverage.

Characteristics of Long-Term Care Residents That Predict Adverse Events after Hospitalization.

Background/objectives: Adverse events (AEs) occur frequently in long-term care (LTC) residents transitioning from the hospital back to an LTC facility. Measuring the association between resident characteristics and AEs can inform AE risk reduction strategies.

Design: Prospective cohort analysis.

We Want to Know-A Mixed Methods Evaluation of a Comprehensive Program Designed to Detect and Address Patient-Reported Breakdowns in Care.

Background: Patients have important insights into care experiences, including breakdowns, but are often reluctant to speak up. The We Want to Know (WWTK) program was designed to make it easy for hospitalized patients to speak up about breakdowns in care and receive a response.

Methods: The WWTK program was implemented from June 2014 through May 2017 at a large, community hospital in Baltimore.

Identifying monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in electronic health data.

Purpose: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a prevalent yet largely asymptomatic precursor to multiple myeloma. Patients with MGUS must undergo regular surveillance and testing, with few known predictors of progression. We developed an algorithm to identify MGUS patients in electronic health data to facilitate large-scale, population-based studies of this premalignant condition.

Communicating with patients about breakdowns in care: a national randomised vignette-based survey.

Background: Many patients are reluctant to speak up about breakdowns in care, resulting in missed opportunities to respond to individual patients and improve the system. Effective approaches to encouraging patients to speak up and responding when they do are needed.

Objective: To identify factors which influence speaking up, and to examine the impact of apology when problems occur.

Positive deviance approaches to improving vaccination coverage rates within healthcare systems: a systematic review.

Our objective was to systematically review the use of the positive deviance approach to identify strategies to improve vaccination coverage rates. We searched English language articles in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PsycINFO without any date restrictions on 4 October 2017. We compiled a list of all strategies and evaluated the quality of these studies using the QATSDD tool.

Adverse Events in Long-term Care Residents Transitioning From Hospital Back to Nursing Home.

Importance: Transition from hospital to nursing home is a high-risk period for adverse events in long-term care (LTC) residents. Adverse events include harms from medical care, including failure to provide appropriate care.

Objective: To report the incidence, type, severity, and preventability of adverse events in LTC residents transitioning from hospital back to the same LTC facility.

We want to know: patient comfort speaking up about breakdowns in care and patient experience.

Objective: To assess patient comfort speaking up about problems during hospitalisation and to identify patients at increased risk of having a problem and not feeling comfortable speaking up.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Eight hospitals in Maryland and Washington, District of Columbia.

Keeping the patient in the center: Common challenges in the practice of shared decision making.

Objective: To examine situations where shared decision making (SDM) in practice does not achieve the goal of a patient-centered decision.

Methods: We explore circumstances in which elements necessary to realize SDM - patient readiness to participate and understanding of the decision - are not present. We consider the influence of contextual factors on decision making.

Using New Technologies for Time Diary Data Collection: Instrument Design and Data Quality Findings from a Mixed-Mode Pilot Survey.

Recent years have witnessed a steady growth of time-use research, driven by the increased research and policy interest in population activity patterns and their associations with long-term outcomes. There is recent interest in moving beyond traditional paper-administered time diaries to use new technologies for data collection in order to reduce respondent burden and administration costs, and to improve data quality. This paper presents two novel diary instruments that were employed by a large-scale multi-disciplinary cohort study in order to obtain information on the time allocation of adolescents in the United Kingdom.