Quantifying the HIV reservoir with dilution assays and deep viral sequencing.

People living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy often have undetectable virus levels by standard assays, but "latent" HIV still persists in viral reservoirs. Eliminating these reservoirs is the goal of HIV cure research. The quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) is commonly used to estimate the reservoir size, that is, the infectious units per million (IUPM) of HIV-persistent resting CD4+ T cells.

State-level clustering in PrEP implementation factors among family planning clinics in the Southern United States.

Background: Availability of PrEP-providing clinics is low in the Southern U.S., a region at the center of the U.

Daily Predictors of ART Adherence Among Young Men Living with HIV Who Have Sex with Men: A Longitudinal Daily Diary Study.

Improving adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential for limiting HIV disease progression among young sexual minority men living with HIV. Daily diaries allow for a detailed examination of how fluctuations in psychosocial factors are associated with adherence over time. Across three cities in the United States, this study collected 60 days of quantitative data from 44 young men (between 16 and 24 years of age) living with HIV who have sex with men.

HIV-1 Transmission linkages among persons with incident infection to inform public health surveillance.

Background: We evaluated features of HIV transmission networks involving persons diagnosed during incident HIV infection (IHI) to assess network-based opportunities to curtail onward transmission.

Methods: Transmission networks were constructed using partial sequences reported to North Carolina surveillance among persons with recent (2014-2018) and past (<2014) HIV diagnoses. IHI were defined as documented acute infections or seroconversion.

Gamma tocopherol effect on LPS-induced sputum neutrophilia is not modified by BMI or GSTM1 genotype.

Gamma tocopherol may be beneficial as a primary or complementary therapeutic agent in conditions with neutrophilic airway inflammation. Its effects are not modified by BMI or genotype, allowing for its use in a broader population.

Sensitivity of Sexual Victimization Estimates to Definitional and Measurement Decisions.

Self-report surveys are subject to measurement error associated with variation in the methodology employed. The current analysis uses data from the Campus Climate Survey Validation Study (CCSVS) to examine the impact that measurement decisions have on estimates. The findings demonstrate that asking victims to provide detailed information in an effort to properly place incidents in time and classify incidents by type resulted in relatively minor decreases in estimate magnitude.