Comparison of surf lifesaver pressure point control and a commercial arterial tourniquet for major lower limb haemorrhage: A randomised controlled crossover pilot trial.

Objective: This pilot study compared non-medically trained surf lifesavers' (SLS) ability, after infographic training, to occlude the femoral artery using a pressure point (PP) versus an arterial tourniquet (AT).

Methods: Using a crossover design, eight SLS applied PP and AT to a participant's leg to occlude the femoral artery. Arterial flow, application time and perceived difficulty were recorded.

Lipopolysaccharide has indomethacin-sensitive actions on Fos expression in topographically organized subpopulations of serotonergic neurons.

Peripheral immune activation results in physiological and behavioral responses including changes in the level of behavioral arousal. One mechanism through which immune activation can influence these responses is via actions on brainstem neuromodulatory systems, including serotonergic systems. To investigate the effects of peripheral immune activation on serotonergic systems and behavior, and the potential role of prostanoids in mediating these effects, we compared the effects of intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in the presence or absence of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, on total plasma L-tryptophan concentrations, Fos expression in subdivisions of the brainstem raphe complex, and home cage behaviors.