Patient-Clinician Communication Interventions Across Multiple Primary Care Sites: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Despite various attempts to improve patient-clinician communication, there has been limited head-to-head comparison of these efforts.

Objective: To assess whether clinician coaching (mobile application or in-person) is more effective than reminder posters in examination rooms and whether mobile app use is noninferior to in-person coaching.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cluster randomized clinical trial with 3 arms.

COVID-19 clinical trials: who is likely to participate and why?

To identify factors associated with willingness to participate in a COVID-19 clinical trial and reasons for and against participating. We surveyed Massachusetts (MA, USA) residents online using the Dynata survey platform and via phone using random digit dialing between October and November 2021. Respondents were asked to imagine they were hospitalized with COVID-19 and invited to participate in a treatment trial.

Primary care providers' views of discussing COVID-19 vaccination with vaccine hesitant patients: A qualitative study.

Objective: To describe primary care providers' (PCPs) perspectives on discussing COVID-19 vaccination with their patients.

Methods: All PCPs from 11 primary care clinics at 3 health systems were invited to participate. Focus groups were conducted between December 2021-January 2022, and were recorded and transcribed.

Long COVID awareness and receipt of medical care: a survey among populations at risk for disparities.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has been characterized by disparities in disease burden and medical care provision. Whether these disparities extend to long COVID awareness and receipt of medical care is unknown. We aimed to characterize awareness of long COVID and receipt of medical care for long COVID symptoms among populations who experience disparities in the United States (US).

Patients' Perspectives on Plans Generated During Primary Care Visits and Self-Reported Adherence at 3 Months: Data From a Randomized Trial.

Background: Effective primary care necessitates follow-up actions by the patient beyond the visit. Prior research suggests room for improvement in patient adherence.

Objective: This study sought to understand patients' views on their primary care visits, the plans generated therein, and their self-reported adherence after 3 months.

From COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy to Vaccine Acceptance: Results of a Longitudinal Survey.

Objectives: COVID-19 vaccines are widely available, but uptake is suboptimal. To develop strategies to increase vaccination rates, we sought to (1) characterize adults initially hesitant to be vaccinated for COVID-19 who later received the vaccine and (2) identify factors associated with their vaccination decision.

Methods: In January 2021, we conducted an online survey of US adults via Prolific that assessed vaccination intent, COVID-19-related knowledge and attitudes, and demographic characteristics.

Impact of a physician recommendation on COVID-19 vaccination intent among vaccine hesitant individuals.

Objective: To test the impact of varied physician recommendations on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Methods: We conducted a vignette-based experimental survey on Prolific, an online research platform. COVID-19 vaccine hesitant, adult panel members were assigned to one of five messages that varied by recommendation style (participatory vs explicit) and strategy (acknowledgement of concerns; comparison to the flu shot; statement that millions of people have already received it; emphasis on protecting others).

Preferences for COVID-19 vaccination information and location: Associations with vaccine hesitancy, race and ethnicity.

This study examined the association between preferences for being informed about the COVID-19 vaccine and where to receive it with vaccination intent and race/ethnicity. We conducted an online survey, oversampling Black and Latino panel members. The 1668 participants were 53.

Can sharing clinic notes improve communication and promote self-management? A qualitative study of patients with COPD.

Objective: To understand the impact of sharing clinic notes on communication and self-management among patients with COPD and to develop recommendations for writing patient-centered notes.

Methods: Thirty patients with COPD participated in 'think-aloud' interviews in which they reviewed their COPD-specific clinic note. Interviews were coded using conventional content analysis, organized by the six-function communication framework.

Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine : A Survey of U.S. Adults.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly instigated a global pandemic. Vaccine development is proceeding at an unprecedented pace. Once available, it will be important to maximize vaccine uptake and coverage.

We Want to Know-A Mixed Methods Evaluation of a Comprehensive Program Designed to Detect and Address Patient-Reported Breakdowns in Care.

Background: Patients have important insights into care experiences, including breakdowns, but are often reluctant to speak up. The We Want to Know (WWTK) program was designed to make it easy for hospitalized patients to speak up about breakdowns in care and receive a response.

Methods: The WWTK program was implemented from June 2014 through May 2017 at a large, community hospital in Baltimore.

Communicating with patients about breakdowns in care: a national randomised vignette-based survey.

Background: Many patients are reluctant to speak up about breakdowns in care, resulting in missed opportunities to respond to individual patients and improve the system. Effective approaches to encouraging patients to speak up and responding when they do are needed.

Objective: To identify factors which influence speaking up, and to examine the impact of apology when problems occur.

Positive deviance approaches to improving vaccination coverage rates within healthcare systems: a systematic review.

Our objective was to systematically review the use of the positive deviance approach to identify strategies to improve vaccination coverage rates. We searched English language articles in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PsycINFO without any date restrictions on 4 October 2017. We compiled a list of all strategies and evaluated the quality of these studies using the QATSDD tool.

We want to know: patient comfort speaking up about breakdowns in care and patient experience.

Objective: To assess patient comfort speaking up about problems during hospitalisation and to identify patients at increased risk of having a problem and not feeling comfortable speaking up.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Eight hospitals in Maryland and Washington, District of Columbia.

Keeping the patient in the center: Common challenges in the practice of shared decision making.

Objective: To examine situations where shared decision making (SDM) in practice does not achieve the goal of a patient-centered decision.

Methods: We explore circumstances in which elements necessary to realize SDM - patient readiness to participate and understanding of the decision - are not present. We consider the influence of contextual factors on decision making.

Hospital Procalcitonin Testing and Antibiotic Treatment of Patients Admitted for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation.

Rationale: Randomized trials suggest that assessment of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels can be used to safely limit antibiotic use among patients hospitalized for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Objectives: To determine the impact of PCT testing on antibiotic treatment of patients hospitalized for exacerbations of COPD in routine practice.

Methods: We conducted a series of cross-sectional and longitudinal multivariable analyses using data from 2009 to 2011 and 2013 to 2014 from a sample of 505 U.

Successful Use of Noninvasive Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. How Do High-Performing Hospitals Do It?

Rationale: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a cornerstone of treatment for patients with severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where it has been shown to reduce the need for intubation, hospital length of stay, and mortality. Despite high-quality evidence and strong recommendations in clinical guidelines, use of NIV varies widely across hospitals.

Objectives: To identify approaches used by hospitals that have been successful in implementing NIV to treat patients with severe exacerbations of COPD.

Hospital Volume and Outcomes of Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients Hospitalized With an Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Objective: To determine the relationship between hospital noninvasive ventilation caseload and outcomes among patients with an acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation.

Design: Cross-sectional study of 13,893 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with noninvasive ventilation.

Setting: A total of 243 U.

Surrogate decision makers' perspectives on preventable breakdowns in care among critically ill patients: A qualitative study.

Objective: To describe surrogate decision makers' (SDMs) perspectives on preventable breakdowns in care among critically ill patients.

Methods: We screened 70 SDMs of critically ill patients for those who identified a preventable breakdown in care, defined as an event where the SDM believes something "went wrong", that could have been prevented, and resulted in harm. In-depth interviews were conducted with SDMs who identified an eligible event.

"Is this normal? Is this not normal? There's no set example": Sexual Health Intervention Preferences of LGBT Youth in Romantic Relationships.

Limited research has examined the romantic relationships of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth (LGBT) despite evidence of relationship-oriented risks, including STI/HIV infection, unplanned pregnancy, and interpersonal violence. In efforts to inform future dyadic sexual health interventions for LGBT youth, this couples-based study aimed to identify the most salient sexual and relationships concerns of young same-sex couples and to assess their preferences for intervention content and format. Participants were a subset 36 young, racially and ethnically diverse, same-sex couples ( = 72 individuals) recruited from two on-going longitudinal studies.

Impact of COPD on the mortality and treatment of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure: the Worcester Heart Failure Study.

Background: COPD is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure, yet little is known about the impact of this condition in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), especially from a more generalizable, community-based perspective. The primary objective of this study was to describe the in-hospital and postdischarge mortality and treatment of patients hospitalized with ADHF according to COPD status.

Methods: The study population consisted of patients hospitalized with ADHF at all 11 medical centers in central Massachusetts during four study years: 1995, 2000, 2002, and 2004.