The impact of immune-related adverse events on survival outcomes in a racially diverse population, with a focus on non-Hispanic Black patients.

Introduction: The development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) has been associated with improved survival outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, this association's extent across race and ethnicity remains uncertain. We evaluated the association between the development of irAEs and treatment outcomes across racially diverse groups treated at a safety net hospital.

Consecutive Daily Versus Every Other Day Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Scheduling for Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: The optimal delivery schedule for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in treating stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. This study used the National Cancer Database to examine daily versus every other day (QOD) SBRT scheduling, including trends over time and association with survival.

Methods And Materials: The National Cancer Database was used to retrospectively identify patients with stage I NSCLC treated with 3-, 4-, or 5-fraction of SBRT between 2004 and 2016.

Cardiovascular Mortality and Duration of Androgen Deprivation in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: Long-term Update of NRG/RTOG 9202.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been associated with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction (MI) in prostate cancer patients, but controversy persists regarding its effects on cardiovascular mortality (CVM).

Objective: We assessed the long-term relationship between ADT and CVM in a prostate cancer randomized trial (NRG Oncology/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9202).

Design, Setting, And Participants: From 1992 to 1995, 1554 men with locally advanced prostate cancer (T2c-T4, prostate-specific antigen <150 ng/ml) received radiotherapy with 4 mo (short-term [STADT]) versus 28 mo (longer-term [LTADT]) of ADT.

Association between hospital safety-net burden and receipt of trimodality therapy and survival for patients with esophageal cancer.

Background: To examine the relationship between hospital safety-net burden and (1) receipt of surgery after chemoradiation (trimodality therapy) and (2) survival in esophageal cancer patients.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried to identify 22,842 clinical stage II to IVa esophageal cancer patients diagnosed in 2004 to 2015. The treatment facilities were categorized by proportion of uninsured/Medicaid-insured patients into percentiles.

Inequalities in Cancer Stage at Diagnosis Among Incarcerated Individuals Undergoing Radiation Therapy at a Large Safety-Net Hospital.

Introduction: There is a dearth of data on cancer care in the incarcerated population, despite being the leading cause of illness-related death in United states' prisons. We retrospectively reviewed the demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of incarcerated individuals who received radiation therapy at a large safety-net hospital.

Methods: Following IRB approval, we identified 80 incarcerated patients who presented for radiation therapy between January 2003 and May 2019.

Frailty Index is Associated with Treatment Decisions for Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer at a High-Burden Safety-Net Hospital.

Background: Lobectomy remains the cornerstone of care for stage I NSCLC while sublobar resection and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) are reserved for patients with smaller tumors and/or poor operative risk. Herein, we investigate the effect of patient frailty on treatment modality for stage I NSCLC at a safety-net hospital.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of stage I NSCLC patients between 2006 and 2015.

Black Race Remains Associated with Lower Eligibility for Screening Using 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations Among Lung Cancer Patients at an Urban Safety Net Hospital.

Objective: To evaluate whether the revised US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria reduced inequities in lung cancer screening (LCS) eligibility among a racially diverse sample of patients with lung cancer.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of adults diagnosed with primary lung malignancies at an urban safety net hospital. For all patients and exclusively ever-smokers, χ tests were used to evaluate differences in LCS eligibility among socio-demographic variables using the 2013 and 2021 USPSTF criteria.

Small cell lung cancer in young patients: trends in sociodemographic factors, diagnosis, treatment, and survival.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in patients <50 years old has unique socioeconomic and clinical implications. We aimed to examine the demographics, treatment patterns, and survival of young patients with SCLC and compared them to older adults.

Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried to identify SCLC cases diagnosed from 2004 to 2016.

Racial disparities in non-recommendation of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II-III ovarian cancer.

Objectives: To identify patient factors associated with not receiving a recommendation for adjuvant chemotherapy after primary surgery for ovarian cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) data from 2004 to 2015 to identify patients with stage II-III ovarian cancer who underwent primary surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analyses evaluated factors associated with notation in the NCDB that "chemotherapy was not recommended/administered because it was contraindicated due to patient risk factors (i.

Racial and Other Healthcare Disparities in Patients With Extensive-Stage SCLC.

Introduction: Systemic treatment with chemotherapy is warranted for patients with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). The objective of this study was to determine whether racial and other healthcare disparities exist in receipt of chemotherapy for ES-SCLC.

Methods: Utilizing the National Cancer Database, 148,961 patients diagnosed to have stage IV SCLC from 2004 to 2016 were identified.

Longitudinal Outcomes of Medical Student Research Mentorship: a 15-Year Analysis of the Radiation Oncology Mentorship Initiative.

At our institution, students can be mentored by radiation oncology faculty through structured research programs, such as the Medical Student Summer Research Program (MSSRP). The purpose of this study is to report the research productivity of students who engaged in radiation oncology research mentorship, whether through the MSSRP or other avenues of research mentorship. We compiled a database of abstracts and manuscripts co-authored by 58 students who conducted research with radiation oncology faculty from 2005 to 2020.

Differences in Quality of Life Between Men and Women who Undergo Bladder Preservation with Trimodality Therapy.

Purpose: Sex-specific differences exist in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC): men have a higher incidence; women present with more advanced disease; and surgical options differ between men and women. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) for male versus female patients with MIBC is not well understood and limited data exists in patients who undergo bladder preservation with trimodality therapy (TMT). The purpose of this study was to compare long-term HRQoL between men and women who have undergone TMT.

Racial and socioeconomic disparities in the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy for treating non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review.

In the past two decades, there has been a steady increase in the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as an alternative to surgical intervention for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients; however, not much is known about the impact of race and socioeconomic status (SES) on the delivery of SBRT. Here, we conduct a narrative review to examine potential disparities in the use of SBRT. Keyword searches of MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were performed for studies focused on race, SES, and the use of SBRT published between 2000 and 2020.

The Impact of Residential Racial Segregation on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment and Outcomes.

Background: Despite decreases in lung cancer incidence, racial disparities in diagnosis and treatment persist. Residential segregation and structural racism have effects on socioeconomic status for black people, affecting health care access. This study aims to determine the impact of residential segregation on racial disparities in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment and mortality.

Disparities in Laryngeal Cancer Treatment and Outcomes: An Analysis by Hospital Safety-Net Burden.

Objectives/hypothesis: To analyze the impact of hospital safety-net burden on survival outcomes for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: From 2004 to 2015, 59,733 LSCC patients treated with curative intent were identified using the National Cancer Database.

Placard in Hand: A Simple, Inexpensive Intervention to Improve On-Treatment Visit Compliance in a Safety Net Radiation Oncology Patient Population.

Purpose: On-treatment visits (OTVs) for patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) should occur every five fractions. Compliance with OTVs was identified as a potential issue in a safety-net patient population. This study determined if brightly colored placards given to patients improved OTV compliance.

Optimal Radiotherapy Dose in Anal Cancer: Trends in Prescription Dose and Association with Survival.

Purpose: Definitive chemoradiotherapy represents a standard of care treatment for localized anal cancer. National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend radiotherapy (RT) doses of ≥ 45 Gy and escalation to 50.4-59 Gy for advanced disease.

Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes of Vulnerable Populations With Esophageal Cancer Treated at a Safety-Net Hospital.

Social determinants of health have been associated with poor outcomes in esophageal cancer. Primary language and immigration status have not been examined in relation to esophageal cancer outcomes. This study aims to investigate the impact of these variables on stage of presentation, treatment, and outcomes of esophageal cancer patients at an urban safety-net hospital.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy with higher biologically effective dose is associated with improved survival in stage II non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: The role of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in treating stage II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This study evaluates SBRT dose prescription patterns and survival outcomes in Stage II NSCLC using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with Stage II NSCLC and treated with SBRT between 2004-2013 were identified in NCDB.

Esophageal Cancer Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes Vary With Hospital Safety-Net Burden.

Background: Social determinants of health affect diagnosis and delivery of care to patients with esophageal cancer. This study hypothesized that hospital safety-net burden affects presentation, treatment, and outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for patients with esophageal cancer (2004 to 2013).

Definitive treatment patterns and survival in stage II non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: This study delineated definitive treatment patterns for Stage II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the United States and evaluated survival by treatment approach.

Materials And Methods: Patients with clinically-staged Stage II NSCLC treated with surgery-based therapy, chemoradiation, conventionally-fractionated radiation (CFR), or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) were identified using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Median survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Clinical outcomes and toxicity following palliative radiotherapy for childhood cancers.

Background: Few reports of palliative radiotherapy (RT) for pedialltric malignancies have been published. We described clinical indications, outcomes, and toxicities for children who received palliative RT.

Procedure: Pediatric patients (age ≤18 years) treated with palliative RT for incurable cancer from January 1 2008 to February 26, 2014 were included.

Adjuvant chemoradiation does not improve survival in elderly patients with high-risk resected head and neck cancer.

Objectives/hypothesis: Randomized trials have demonstrated that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) confers an overall survival (OS) benefit over adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) alone in patients with resected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with adverse pathologic features (positive surgical margins [SM+] and/or extracapsular extension [ECE]). Whether this OS benefit exists in an elderly population remains unknown.

Study Design: Retrospective database study.

Hypofractionated short-course radiotherapy in elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme: an analysis of the National Cancer Database.

For elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), randomized trials have shown similar survival with hypofractionated short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) compared to conventionally fractionated long-course radiotherapy (LCRT). We evaluated the adoption of SCRT along with associated factors and survival in a national patient registry. Using the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB), we identified patients aged ≥70 years with GBM, diagnosed between 1998 and 2011, who received SCRT (34-42 Gy in 2.