Prolonged postnatal adaptation and enhanced prevalence of congenital heart diseases due to altitude may contribute to newborn mortality in Bolivia.

Highland populations suffer from significant infant mortality due to chronic ambient hypoxia, which increases the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) and neonatal pulmonary hypertension. Neither the prevalence of these conditions nor the effectiveness of neonatal cardiac screening to identify CHD or pulmonary hypertension among neonates born at altitudes >4000 m in Bolivia has been reported. In a study of 1033 newborns in El Alto, Bolivia (4510 m), we determined the prevalence of CHD and prolonged postnatal adaptation.

Pulsed Shortwave (Radiofrequency) Therapy With a Noninvasive, Wearable, Disposable Device: A Randomized, Participant- and Assessor-Masked, Sham-Controlled Pilot Study.

Objectives: Pulsed shortwave therapy (PSWT) is a nonpharmacologic/noninvasive modality that may offer analgesic benefits without notable side effects or complications. This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of a PSWT protocol and provide an estimate of its treatment effects.

Materials And Methods: The study included adults who underwent cholecystectomy or unilateral total hip or knee arthroplasty.

Placental growth factor modulates endothelial NO production and exacerbates experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Background & Aims: Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) results from portal hypertension, with or without cirrhosis, and is marked by pulmonary vascular dilations leading to severe hypoxemia. Although placental growth factor (PlGF) is important for vascular growth and endothelial function, its role in HPS is unclear. This study investigated the involvement of PlGF in experimental models of HPS and in patients.

Evolutionary rewiring of the dynamic network underpinning allosteric epistasis in NS1 of the influenza A virus.

Viral proteins frequently mutate to evade host innate immune responses, yet the impact of these mutations on the molecular energy landscape remains unclear. Epistasis, the intramolecular communications between mutations, often renders the combined mutational effects unpredictable. Nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is a major virulence factor of the influenza A virus (IAV) that activates host PI3K by binding to its p85β subunit.

Exploring the Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, and Infection Control Practices Among Saudi Arabian Nurses: A Multi-Center Study.

Healthcare-associated infections are a significant risk to patients and the healthcare system. Differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices among nurses have limited standardized precautions. Improving self-efficacy can enhance compliance with standard precautions, protect patients, and preserve the credibility of healthcare institutions.

Dementia Diagnosis Unawareness and Caregiver Burden in a Multi-ethnic Cohort.

Background: Previous reports suggest patient and caregiver lack of awareness of dementia. Little is known about how this varies by ethnicity and how informal (family) caregiver burden is associated with knowing a dementia diagnosis.

Objective: To investigate whether participants with probable dementia were aware of a diagnosis provided by a physician and how this differed among Mexican American and non-Hispanic White participants; whether having a primary care physician was associated with dementia diagnosis unawareness; and the association of dementia diagnosis unawareness with caregiver burden.

Divergent roles of mA in orchestrating brown and white adipocyte transcriptomes and systemic metabolism.

N-methyladenosine (mA) is among the most abundant mRNA modifications, yet its cell-type-specific regulatory roles remain unclear. Here we show that mA methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) differentially regulates transcriptome in brown versus white adipose tissue (BAT and WAT), leading to divergent metabolic outcomes. In humans and mice with insulin resistance, METTL14 expression differs significantly from BAT and WAT in the context of its correlation with insulin sensitivity.

Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Cognitive Performance and Informant-rated Cognitive Decline.

Objectives: It is unknown whether cognitive test scores are equivalently associated with informant-rated cognitive decline across culturally and linguistically diverse older adults. We examined the association between cognitive domain scores on the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) and informant-rated cognitive decline in a harmonized population-based sample of older adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We combined data from the HCAP sub-study of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; 2016) and the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi-Cognitive (BASIC-C; 2018-2020) study.

Unraveling the clinical-pathological correlations of subjects with isolated and mixed neurodegenerative processes in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center dataset.

Although Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) is the most common pathology underlying clinical dementia, the presence of multiple comorbid neuropathologies is increasingly being recognized as a major contributor to the worldwide dementia burden. We analyzed 1051 subjects with specific combinations of isolated and mixed pathologies and conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis on a cohort of 4624 cases with mixed pathologies to systematically explore the independent cognitive contributions of each pathology. Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) were both associated with a primary clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) and were characterized by an amnestic dementia phenotype, while only ADNC associated with logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

Immunization but not natural infection of horses results in antibody activity against the S protein of Streptococcus equi subsp equi.

Objective: Evaluate the immunogenicity of a vaccine targeting the S protein (Ssee) of Streptococcus equi subsp equi and determine antibody activity against Ssee in horses with strangles.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective experiment using 20 university-owned Quarter Horses and a cross-sectional serosurvey of 78 privately owned horses with strangles. Horses were immunized IM with 0 (n = 4), 200 (n = 8), or 400 (n = 8) μg of recombinant Ssee at weeks 0, 4, and 12.

Association between dietary inflammatory index score and incident dementia.

Introduction: We evaluated whether higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores were associated with increased incidence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia over 22.3 years of follow-up in the community-based Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort.

Methods: One thousand four hundred eighty-seven participants (mean ± standard deviation, age in years 69 ± 6) completed food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and had incident all-cause dementia and AD surveillance data available.

OxLDL/LOX-1 mediated sex, age, stiffness, and endothelial dependent alterations in mouse thoracic aortic vascular reactivity.

Elevated plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are a risk factor and key component that accelerates and worsens cardiovascular disease fueling inflammation, plaque buildup and vascular damage. OxLDL can elicit its detrimental action via lectin-like oxLDL receptor 1 (LOX-1). In this study, we determined whether oxLDL, via LOX-1, alters aortic vascular reactivity and determined if sex and age differences exist.

The Association Between Bilingual Animal Naming and Memory Among Bilingual Mexican American Older Adults.

Background: Monolingual cognitive assessments are standard for bilinguals; the value of bilingual assessment is unknown. Since declines in animal naming accompany memory declines in dementia, we examined the association between bilingual animal naming and memory among bilingual Mexican American (MA) older adults.

Methods: Bilingual MA (n = 155) completed the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) in a Texas community study.

CHARMM at 45: Enhancements in Accessibility, Functionality, and Speed.

Since its inception nearly a half century ago, CHARMM has been playing a central role in computational biochemistry and biophysics. Commensurate with the developments in experimental research and advances in computer hardware, the range of methods and applicability of CHARMM have also grown. This review summarizes major developments that occurred after 2009 when the last review of CHARMM was published.

Outcomes of Photorefractive Keratectomy After Corneal Graft: Brief Review.

Purpose: The purpose of this brief review is to analyze the outcomes of customized photorefractive keratectomy in the correction of refractive errors and irregular astigmatism after corneal graft surgery.

Methods: Two reviewers (M.S.

"I'm not very skilled in using gadgets:" A qualitative exploration of the facilitators and barriers to using telepharmacy services among Filipino senior citizens.

Background: Telepharmacy provides remote care by pharmacists to distant patients via telecommunications. It is a new service used in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its utilization among vulnerable populations, notably senior citizens, remains relatively unexplored.