Dynamic Variation in the Semiconductive Tendency of the Passive Film on Duplex Stainless Steel in Corrosion Environments.

Duplex stainless steels, known for their excellent corrosion resistance, are employed in a variety of chloride solutions-acidic, neutral, and alkaline-due to a stable passive film that forms on their surfaces. This study involved polarization tests, EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) measurements, Mott-Schottky plots, and XPS (X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) analyses in both static and dynamic conditions across acidic (1NaCl + 0.1N HCl, pH 1.

Factors Associated with Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity and Its Relation to Food Insecurity in Korean Adults with Obesity.

Objectives: The association between food insecurity and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) in the population with obesity is unclear. We evaluated factors associated with MUO and the relationship between food insecurity and MUO in individuals with obesity.

Methods: We analyzed data from 5191 adults with obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m) from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2021.

Ameliorative Effects of HT074-Inula and Paeonia Extract Mixture on Acute Reflux Esophagitis in Rats via Antioxidative Activity.

HT074, a multiherbal mixture containing extracts from flowers and roots, is used in Korean medicine for gastric disorders. This study investigated the protective mechanisms of HT074 against acute reflux esophagitis (RE) in rats. Nitric oxide (NO) production and mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes (, , , , and ) were evaluated in LPS-induced RAW 264.

Recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 7 obtained from stable Chinese hamster ovary cells enhances wound healing.

Although fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) is known to promote wound healing, its mass production poses several challenges and very few studies have assessed the feasibility of producing FGF7 in cell lines such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Therefore, this study sought to produce recombinant FGF7 in large quantities and evaluate its wound healing effect. To this end, the FGF7 gene was transfected into CHO cells and FGF7 production was optimized.

Baicalin and baicalein from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi alleviate aberrant neuronal suppression mediated by GABA from reactive astrocytes.

Aims: γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from reactive astrocytes is critical for the dysregulation of neuronal activity in various neuroinflammatory conditions. While Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (S. baicalensis) is known for its efficacy in addressing neurological symptoms, its potential to reduce GABA synthesis in reactive astrocytes and the associated neuronal suppression remains unclear.

Relationship between visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and depressive mood in Korean primary care patients.

Background: High blood pressure variability (BPV) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and may be better prognostic factor than blood pressure. Depressive mood is a common symptom among patients visiting primary care. This study aimed to investigate the association between depressive mood and high BPV among Korean primary care patients.

Changes in the Average Body Mass Index of Fifth- and Sixth-Grade Korean Elementary School Students: The Role of Physical Education in Student Health.

This study aimed to emphasize the importance of physical education in maintaining sufficient physical activity by examining the average BMI of fifth- and sixth-grade elementary school students in Korea over multiple years. This study investigated changes in the average BMI of fifth- and sixth-grade elementary school students in Korea. It provided foundational data to suggest the role of physical education in student health and set future directions.

Development of an AI-based image/ultrasonic convergence camera system for accurate gas leak detection in petrochemical plants.

Outdoor pipeline leaks are difficult to accurately measure using existing concentration measurement systems installed in petrochemical plants owing to external air currents. Besides, leak detection is only possible for a specific gas. The purpose of this study was to develop an image/ultrasonic convergence camera system that incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) to improve pipe leak detection and establish a real-time monitoring system.

Influence of HCl Concentration on Corrosion Behavior between Au or Cu Bonding Wires and the Bond Pad for Semiconductor Packaging.

Wire bonding, one of the methods for electrically connecting a semiconductor chip with a substrate, involves attaching thin metal wires to pads. It is the oldest electrical connection method that exhibits high compatibility with other processes. The metal wires used for electrical connection in wire bonding are mainly made of Au, Cu, and Ag.

Multiplexed Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Proteomic Alterations in Two Rodent Traumatic Brain Injury Models.

In many cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI), conspicuous abnormalities, such as scalp wounds and intracranial hemorrhages, abate over time. However, many unnoticeable symptoms, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dysfunction, often last from several weeks to years after trauma, even for mild injuries. Moreover, the cause of such persistence of symptoms has not been examined extensively.

Enhancing the production of recombinant human TGF-β1 through an understanding of TGF-β1 synthesis, signaling, and endocytosis in CHO cells.

To enhance the production of recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta1 (rhTGF-β1) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, rhTGF-β1 was first characterized for endocytosis, signaling pathway, and overall maturation process. The mature rhTGF-β1 used for clinical application was internalized into CHO cells and inhibited the growth of CHO cells in a dose-dependent manner. However, mature rhTGF-β1 was mostly produced in the form of latent rhTGF-β1 in cultures of recombinant CHO (rCHO) cells producing rhTGF-β1 (CHO-rhTGF-β1).

Cyclosporin A inhibits prostate cancer growth through suppression of E2F8 transcription factor in a MELK‑dependent manner.

The treatment of advanced prostate cancer remains a formidable challenge due to the limited availability of effective treatment options. Therefore, it is imperative to identify promising druggable targets that provide substantial clinical benefits and to develop effective treatment strategies to overcome therapeutic resistance. Cyclosporin A (CsA) showed an anticancer effect on prostate cancer in cultured cell and xenograft models.

The Effect of Fenugreek in Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Fenugreek is a widely used herbal medicine as a complementary therapy for diabetes mellitus. Lots of clinical trials have proved its beneficial effect on glycemic control parameters and lipid profiles. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fenugreek as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Experience of Lifetime Health Maintenance Program: An Observational Study of a 30-Year Period of Outpatient Primary Care in a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: This study aimed to identify the clinical content of patients registered with the Lifetime Health Maintenance Program (LHMP) under the care of a single family physician who introduced and operated the program in Korea at a tertiary hospital for over 30 years.

Methods: We analyzed the electronic medical records of 745 patients who had registered for more than 3 times with the LHMP under the care of a single family physician between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019. We reviewed medical records from June 1989, when the hospital was established, to February 2022.

Fusion Protein of RBP and Albumin Domain III Reduces Lung Fibrosis by Inactivating Lung Stellate Cells.

Activated stellate cells play a role in fibrosis development in the liver, pancreas, and kidneys. The fusion protein R-III, which consists of retinol-binding protein and albumin domain III, has been demonstrated to attenuate liver and renal fibrosis by suppressing stellate cell activation. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of R-III against bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice.

Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Clinical Parameters in Men and Women Aged 50 Years or Older: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is increasingly prevalent on a global scale and is connected to chronic health issues including diabetes, obesity, and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the association between VDD and various clinical parameters including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and inflammatory markers. This cross-sectional cohort study included Korean men and women aged 50 years and older (290 men, 125 women); VDD was classified as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels below 20 ng/mL.

Intrusion Detection System CAN-Bus In-Vehicle Networks Based on the Statistical Characteristics of Attacks.

For in-vehicle network communication, the controller area network (CAN) broadcasts to all connected nodes without address validation. Therefore, it is highly vulnerable to all sorts of attack scenarios. This research proposes a novel intrusion detection system (IDS) for CAN to identify in-vehicle network anomalies.

Effect of Laser Peening on the Corrosion Properties of 304L Stainless Steel.

Dry canisters used in nuclear power plants can be subject to localized corrosion, including stress corrosion cracking. External and residual tensile stress can facilitate the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking. Residual stress can arise from welding and plastic deformation.

Metabolic Profiling of Chestnut Shell () Cultivars Using UPLC-QTOF-MS and Their Antioxidant Capacity.

The inner shell of the chestnut () has long been used in Asia as a medicinal herb for improving digestion and blood circulation, and treating diarrhea. However, most chestnut shells are now treated as waste materials in industrial peeling processes. In this study, we examined the metabolite variation among major cultivars of shells using mass spectrometry.

Advances in the development of tubular structures using extrusion-based 3D cell-printing technology for vascular tissue regenerative applications.

Until recent, there are no ideal small diameter vascular grafts available on the market. Most of the commercialized vascular grafts are used for medium to large-sized blood vessels. As a solution, vascular tissue engineering has been introduced and shown promising outcomes.

Genetic Characteristics of Canine Adenovirus Type 2 Detected in Wild Raccoon Dogs () in Korea (2017-2020).

Adenovirus has been detected in a wide range of hosts like dogs, foxes, horses, bats, avian animals, and raccoon dogs. Canine adenoviruses with two serotypes host mammals and are members of the mastadenovirus family. Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2) cause infectious canine hepatitis and infectious bronchial disease, respectively.

First Isolation of Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the Fungal Causative Agent of White-Nose Syndrome, in Korean Bats (Myotis petax).

White-nose syndrome (WNS), caused by Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), is a lethal fungal disease that affects hibernating bats in North America. Recently, the presence of Pd was reported in countries neighboring Korea. However, Pd has not been investigated in Korea.

Risk prediction of the metabolic syndrome using TyG Index and SNPs: a 10-year longitudinal prospective cohort study.

TyG (triglyceride and glucose) index using triglyceride and fasting blood glucose is recommended as a useful marker for insulin resistance. To clarify whether the TyG index is a marker for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to investigate the importance of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MetS diagnosis. From 2001 to 2014, a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 3580 adults aged 40-70 years was conducted.

Effect of Laser Peening on Microstructural Changes in GTA-Welded 304L Stainless Steel.

The introduction of tensile residual stress has led to the induction of damage such as fatigue, corrosion fatigue, and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in stainless steel in association with the influence of environments, components, surface defects, and corrosive factors during its use. Compressive residual stress can be achieved through various techniques. Among several methods, laser peening can be more attractive as it creates regularity on the surface with a high-quality surface finish.