What is the potential of compensation funds for addressing COVID-related personal injury?

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to present new challenges at the frontiers of social risk. Its significant societal impact has prompted the consideration of alternative frameworks like compensation funds to better allocate the risks and impacts of COVID-related injury. Although there has been discussion about the potential of alternative liability structures for vaccine-related injury, there has been less analysis of the right way to compensate other types of injury, such as long-term illness, disability and death, associated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Reflecting on 'insider' and 'outsider' positionality when undertaking culturally sensitive research with young Pakistani men: insights from a female researcher.

Background: Conducting culturally sensitive research into male experiences can be challenging for female researchers. Despite this, there are very few published reflective accounts of how they have overcome these difficulties.

Aim: To illustrate a female researcher's challenges in conducting research into young men's experiences of puberty in Pakistan and highlight the strategies used to overcome these.

The importance of face to face, group antenatal education classes for first time mothers: A qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore and understand perspectives of women expecting their first child and why they wanted to attend NHS antenatal education. This included what worries and concerns they wanted to be addressed and why this would be beneficial. It also included what they wanted their partners to be able to gain from attending classes.

Hearing the unheard voice-puberty experiences of young Pakistani men: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Puberty experiences of male adolescents can have significant impacts on physical and psychological health outcomes. This qualitative study explored the puberty experiences of young males in Pakistan, as there are limited accounts of what shapes these puberty experiences, especially for adolescent males living in a restrictive culture.

Methods: Twenty-two young Pakistani men (aged 18-21 years) from two urban sites in Karachi participated in individual face-to-face (n=19) and Skype (n=3) interviews.

'The rollercoaster': A qualitative study of midwifery students' experiences affecting their mental wellbeing.

Objective: Midwifery student mental wellbeing is an important consideration for the sustainability of the profession, however it has seldom been the subject of empirical research. Previous studies of the lived experience of midwifery students have focused on the impact of transition experiences and student satisfaction, rather than specifically on mental health and students' views on support for their mental wellbeing.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews.

Reflections on an educational intervention to encourage midwives to work in a continuity of care model - exploration and potential solutions.

Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators for midwives working in a midwifery continuity of carer model, and to assess if an educational intervention could help address some of these barriers, designed to help achieve NHS England's target of majority of women receiving midwifery continuity of carer by March 2021.

Design: Two-day workshops were co-designed by experienced continuity midwives, service managers and midwifery educators using implementation theory delivered to maternity staff, with barriers assessed prior to training and re-assessed at the end.

Setting And Participants: 1407 maternity healthcare professionals from 62 different National Health Service trusts across England attended 56 different workshops.

Chinese primiparous women's experience of the traditional postnatal practice of "Doing the month": A descriptive method study.

Aim: "Doing the month" has been a traditionally postnatal practice that women follow for one full month after giving birth. The aim of this study was to explore Chinese primiparous women's experience of "Doing the month" and why Chinese women felt satisfied or dissatisfied with the experience.

Methods: This was a descriptive survey using open and closed questions.

Changes in maternal self-efficacy, postnatal depression symptoms and social support among Chinese primiparous women during the initial postpartum period: A longitudinal study.

Background: There are many parenting problems during infancy for Chinese primiparous women. As an important determinant of good parenting, maternal self-efficacy (MSE) should be paid more attention by researchers. At present, the limitations of previous research examining MSE during infancy are that most studies were conducted with a homogeneous sample and there were few studies with Chinese women.

A quantitative longitudinal study to explore factors which influence maternal self-efficacy among Chinese primiparous women during the initial postpartum period.

Background: parenting during infancy is highly problematic for Chinese primiparous women. As an important determinant of good parenting, maternal self-efficacy (MSE) should be paid more attention by researchers. At present, the limitations of previous research about MSE during infancy are that the factors which influence MSE remained poorly explored, there were few studies with Chinese women, and the studies did not consider the effect of different cultures.

Experiences and impact of mistreatment and obstetric violence on women during childbearing: a systematic review protocol.

The aim of this review is to synthesize the best available evidence on the experiences of mistreatment and/or obstetric violence in women. Specifically, the objective is to explore, from a woman's point of view, the impacts and consequences of mistreatment and/or obstetric violence during childbearing. The review question is: "What are the experiences and impact of mistreatment and obstetric violence on women during the active period of childbearing?"

An integrative review of the impact of mobile technologies used by healthcare professionals to support education and practice.

Aim: The aim of this study was to provide evidence of the impact of mobile technologies among healthcare professionals in education and practice settings.

Design: Integrative literature review.

Methods: Electronic databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, ERIC and Web of Science were searched for papers published between 2002-2012.

The SNAP trial: a randomised placebo-controlled trial of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy--clinical effectiveness and safety until 2 years after delivery, with economic evaluation.

Background: Smoking during pregnancy causes many adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for cessation outside pregnancy but efficacy and safety in pregnancy are unknown. We hypothesised that NRT would increase smoking cessation in pregnancy without adversely affecting infants.

Smartphone and medical related App use among medical students and junior doctors in the United Kingdom (UK): a regional survey.

Background: Smartphone usage has spread to many settings including that of healthcare with numerous potential and realised benefits. The ability to download custom-built software applications (apps) has created a new wealth of clinical resources available to healthcare staff, providing evidence-based decisional tools to reduce medical errors.Previous literature has examined how smartphones can be utilised by both medical student and doctor populations, to enhance educational and workplace activities, with the potential to improve overall patient care.

A randomized trial of nicotine-replacement therapy patches in pregnancy.

Background: Nicotine-replacement therapy is effective for smoking cessation outside pregnancy and its use is widely recommended during pregnancy. We investigated the efficacy and safety of nicotine patches during pregnancy.

Methods: We recruited participants from seven hospitals in England who were 16 to 50 years of age with pregnancies of 12 to 24 weeks' gestation and who smoked five or more cigarettes per day.

Exploring the views of women on using nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy.

Objective: to explore women's views surrounding the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to aid smoking cessation.

Design And Setting: a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews undertaken on 10 pregnant women in a semi-rural area of England.

Findings: the two main themes that emerged from the study were that NRT was an important component in stopping smoking, but this was in conjunction with support given by the midwife advisor.

Women's use of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy-a structured review of the literature.

Objective: to review the literature of women's use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) during pregnancy. The review will examine NRT and nicotine, interventions and barriers to smoking cessation and the literature exploring women's views on using NRT in pregnancy.

Method: a structured review of the literature was undertaken by accessing internet and library sources, restricted to English written articles between 1989 and 2003.

Protocol for the smoking, nicotine and pregnancy (SNAP) trial: double-blind, placebo-randomised, controlled trial of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy.

Background: Smoking in pregnancy remains a public health challenge. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for smoking cessation in non-pregnant people, but because women metabolise nicotine and cotinine much faster in pregnancy, it is unclear whether this will be effective for smoking cessation in pregnancy. The NHS Health Technology Assessment Programme (HTA)-funded smoking, nicotine and pregnancy (SNAP) trial will investigate whether or not nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective, cost-effective and safe when used for smoking cessation by pregnant women.

Promoting child safety in primary care: a cluster randomised controlled trial to reduce baby walker use.

Background: Baby walkers are commonly used items of nursery equipment, but cause more than 3000 injuries each year in the UK. There is currently little evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions in primary care to reduce walker use.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational package provided by midwives and health visitors to reduce baby walker possession and use.

Recruiting pregnant smokers for a placebo-randomised controlled trial of nicotine replacement therapy.

Background: Smoking in pregnancy is a public health problem and effective methods for reducing this are required. Although nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for smoking cessation in non-pregnant people, there is no direct evidence concerning its effectiveness in pregnancy. Despite this, clinical guidelines recommend the cautious use of NRT during pregnancy.

The impact of the establishment of a midwife managed unit on women in a rural setting in England.

Objective: to determine what impact the changes from consultant-led care to midwife-led care in a local maternity service have had on women using that service.

Design: case study, data were collected by postal questionnaire, semi-structured, tape-recorded interviews, observations and scrutiny of records.

Setting: a small town in rural England.

Midwives' knowledge of, attitudes to and practice with baby walkers.

Objective: to determine community midwives' knowledge, attitudes and practice with regard to baby walkers.

Design: survey, using questionnaires.

Setting: primary care, East Midlands, UK.