Tackling social disconnection: an umbrella review of RCT-based interventions targeting social isolation and loneliness.

Background: Social isolation and loneliness are urgent public health concerns associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes. Understanding effective remedies is crucial in addressing these problems. This umbrella review aimed to synthesize and critically appraise scientific evidence on the effectiveness of social isolation and loneliness interventions overall and across subgroups.

Met and unmet need for mental health care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

There is a concern that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic will generate large unmet needs for mental health care. Using data from an epidemiological psychiatric diagnostic interview survey (n = 2159) conducted on a probability sample from the general population, the proportions of met and unmet need for mental health care among individuals with and without mental disorders were compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed no statistical difference in met and unmet need for mental health care, but point estimates were suggestive of a higher unmet need for care among those with a current mental disorder after the lock-down period.

Alcohol-related mortality following the loss of a child: a register-based follow-up study from Norway.

Objectives: The death of one's child is one of the most stressful events a person can experience. Research has shown that bereaved parents have a higher mortality than non-bereaved parents. This increased mortality might partly be caused directly by long-term stress.

Parental mortality following the loss of a child to a drug-related death.

Background: The drug-related death of a child has been linked to higher prevalence of complicated grief and mental health problems than bereavement by other causes of death. Whether this leads to an increased risk of mortality following the loss has not yet been examined.

Methods: Employing register data covering the years 1986-2015 and encompassing the entire Norwegian population, parents with at least one child aged 15 or older were analyzed using Cox regression.

Emotional and behavioral problems in late preterm and early term births: outcomes at child age 36 months.

Background: Recent findings has shown that late preterm births (gestational weeks 34-36) and early term births (gestational weeks 37-38) is associated with an increased risk of several psychological and developmental morbidities. In this article we investigate whether late preterm and early term births is associated with an increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems at 36 months of age and whether there are gender differences in risk of these outcomes.

Methods: Forty-three thousand, two hundred ninety-seven children and their mothers participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).

Communication impairments in early term and late preterm children: a prospective cohort study following children to age 36 months.

Objective: To investigate the risk of communication impairments at age 18 and 36 months in children born early term (gestational weeks 37-38) and late preterm (gestational weeks 34-36).

Study Design: A total of 39 423 children and their mothers participated in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. The sample included 7109 children (18%) born early term and 1673 (4.

Impact of maternal negative affectivity on light alcohol use and binge drinking during pregnancy.

Objectives: To investigate whether maternal negative affectivity, a tendency to frequent negative emotions and views, is associated with light alcohol use and binge drinking during pregnancy.

Design: Cohort.

Setting: Norway 1999-2008.

Associations between temperament at age 1.5 years and obesogenic diet at ages 3 and 7 years.

Objective: To investigate whether temperament in 1.5 year olds predicts their consumption of potentially obesogenic foods and drinks at 3 and 7 years of age.

Methods: Participants were 6997 mothers and infants from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study.

Occurrence and predictors of developmental impairments in 3-year-old children with congenital heart defects.

Objective: To examine the occurrence of developmental impairments in 3-year-old children with varying severity of congenital heart defects (CHD) and to identify predictors associated with developmental impairment in children with severe CHD.

Methods: Prospective data collected at birth, 6, 18, and 36 months from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, were linked with a nationwide medical CHD registry, and 175 three year olds with CHD in a cohort of 44,044 children were identified. Children with mild/moderate (n = 115) and severe (n = 60) CHD were compared with children without CHD (43,929) on motor, communication, and social impairments as reported by mothers in Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study questionnaires.

Longitudinal analysis of emotional problems in children with congenital heart defects: a follow-up from age 6 to 36 months.

Objective: To investigate whether children with varying severity of congenital heart defects (CHDs) have a higher risk of internalizing or externalizing emotional problems at 36 months of age. In addition, to analyze whether a history of emotional problems at 6 or 18 months of age increases the risk of emotional problems at 36 months in children with CHDs.

Methods: Prospective data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, was linked with a nationwide CHD registry, and 175 children with CHDs were identified in a cohort of 44,104 children aged 36 months.

Longitudinal findings from a Norwegian case-cohort study on internalizing problems in children with congenital heart defects.

Aim: To examine the association of the severity of congenital heart defects (CHDs) with internalizing problems in 18-month-olds and to explore the extent to which the internalizing problems are influenced by maternal distress and emotional reactivity in the child at age 6 months.

Methods: We linked prospective data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, with a nationwide CHD registry and identified 198 18-month-olds with CHDs in a cohort of 47 692 toddlers. Maternal reports on the children's emotional reactivity at age 6 months, the children's internalizing problems (anxiety, sleep problems, emotional reactivity) at age 18 months and maternal distress were assessed by questionnaires.

Motor and social development in 6-month-old children with congenital heart defects.

Objective: To assess whether the development of children with varying severity of congenital heart defect (CHD) differs from that of children without CHD at age 6 months.

Study Design: A total of 236 children with CHD were compared with 61 032 children from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Diagnostic and treatment information was retrieved from a nationwide CHD registry.

Maternal smoking in pregnancy and externalizing behavior in 18-month-old children: results from a population-based prospective study.

Objective: The relation between prenatal smoking and child behavioral problems has been investigated in children of school age and older, but prospective studies in younger children are lacking. Using the population-based prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, we examined the risk for externalizing behaviors among 18-month-old children after exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy.

Method: Participants were 22,545 mothers and their 18-month-old children.