The Effect of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation on Treatment Outcome in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Purpose: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been an important method of treatment in the advance of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The indications for HSCT are evolving and require updated establishment. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of HSCT on the treatment outcome of pediatric ALL, considering the indications for HSCT and subgroups.

RFX4 is an intrinsic factor for neuronal differentiation through induction of proneural genes POU3F2 and NEUROD1.

Proneural genes play a crucial role in neuronal differentiation. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing proneural genes during neuronal differentiation remains limited. RFX4, identified as a candidate regulator of proneural genes, has been reported to be associated with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Treatment outcome and prognostic factors in relapsed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Despite improved outcomes for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the prognosis for relapse remains poor. This study aimed to examine the clinical factors associated with prognosis in relapsed pediatric AML.

Methods: We conducted a chart review of pediatric patients with AML who experienced their first relapse and received treatment at our institution between 2008 and 2019.

Methyl jasmonate-induced senescence results in alterations in the status of chlorophyll precursors and enzymatic antioxidants in rice plants.

We examined the control of chlorophyll biosynthesis and protective mechanisms during leaf senescence induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). After MeJA treatment, rice plants displayed evidence of great oxidative stress regarding senescence symptoms, disruption of membrane integrity, HO production, and decreased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency. After 6 h of MeJA treatment, plants greatly decreased not only their levels of chlorophyll precursors, including protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX), Mg-Proto IX, Mg-Proto IX methylester, and protochlorophyllide, but also the expression levels of the chlorophyll biosynthetic genes CHLD, CHLH, CHLI, and PORB, with the greatest decreases at 78 h.

Multi-apical polarity of alveolar stem cells and their dynamics during lung development and regeneration.

Epithelial cells of diverse tissues are characterized by the presence of a single apical domain. In the lung, electron microscopy studies have suggested that alveolar type-2 epithelial cells (AT2s) en face multiple alveolar sacs. However, apical and basolateral organization of the AT2s and their establishment during development and remodeling after injury repair remain unknown.

Sex differences and altered mitophagy in experimental pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a debilitating condition characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressures and remodeling of pulmonary arteries, leading to right heart failure. Women have a higher prevalence of PH, whereas men have more severe disease and poorer outcomes. Animal models also show female-predominant disease.

A simple method to improve the quality and yield of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids.

The development of cerebral organoid technology has allowed the human neural tissue to be collected for studying human brain development and neurological diseases. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids (hCOs) are a theoretically infinite source of fresh human brain tissue for various research purposes. However, hCOs have limitations, including core necrotic cell death.

MicroRNA miR-24-3p reduces DNA damage responses, apoptosis, and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves aberrant responses to cellular stress caused by chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. However, not all smokers develop COPD and the critical mechanisms that regulate cellular stress responses to increase COPD susceptibility are not understood. Because microRNAs are well-known regulators of cellular stress responses, we evaluated microRNA expression arrays performed on distal parenchymal lung tissue samples from 172 subjects with and without COPD.

Clinical effects of slim-diet, with lifestyle modification for childhood obesity in community-based healthcare program: A case series.

Rationale: Although there are several reports on the effect of herbal medicine on weight loss in adults, evidence supporting its efficacy and safety in obese pediatrics is insufficient. Herein, we clinically investigated the preliminary experience of community-based healthcare program in cases of childhood obesity treated with an herbal complex, Slim-diet (SD), along with lifestyle modification.

Patient Concerns: Seventeen subjects with childhood obesity participated in a community-based healthcare program, which consisted of twice-a-week play type physical activity and dietary counseling program with simultaneous twice-a-day administration of SD for 4 weeks.

PCR Screening of from Mixture of Lactic Acid Bacteria Using Bile Salt Hydrolase Gene as a Selective Marker.

It is very important to rapidly detect the contamination of in fermented foods such as Korean Kimchi to maintain its freshness since Kimchi is exported to all over the world. However, gene sequence of is very similar among various . So, there have been difficulties in its screening.

Altered regulation of porphyrin biosynthesis and protective responses to acifluorfen-induced photodynamic stress in transgenic rice expressing Bradyrhizobium japonicum Fe-chelatase.

We examined the molecular regulation of porphyrin biosynthesis and protective responses in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) expressing Bradyrhizobium japonicum Fe-chelatase (BjFeCh) after treatment with acifluorfen (AF). During the photodynamic stress imposed by AF, transcript levels of BjFeCh in transgenic plants increased greatly; moreover, transcript levels of OsFeCh2 remained almost constant, whereas in wild type (WT) plants they were considerably down-regulated. In the heme branch, transgenic plants exhibited greater levels of OsFC and HO transcripts than WT plants in the untreated stems as well as in the AF-treated leaves and stems.

Effects of light and temperature on the growth of Takayama helix (Dinophyceae): mixotrophy as a survival strategy against photoinhibition.

Takayama helix is a mixotrophic dinoflagellate that can feed on diverse algal prey. We explored the effects of light intensity and water temperature, two important physical factors, on its autotrophic and mixotrophic growth rates when fed on Alexandrium minutum CCMP1888. Both the autotrophic and mixotrophic growth rates and ingestion rates of T.

Crystal structure of strontium perchlorate anhydrate, Sr(ClO), from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data.

The crystal structure of strontium perchlorate anhydrate, Sr(ClO), was determined and refined from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data. The material was obtained by dehydration of Sr(ClO)·3HO at 523 K for two weeks. It crystallizes in the ortho-rhom-bic space group and is isotypic with Ca(AlD) and Ca(ClO).

Differential feeding by common heterotrophic protists on four Scrippsiella species of similar size.

The dinoflagellate genus Scrippsiella is known to cause red tides. Mortality due to predation should be assessed in order to understand the population dynamics of Scrippsiella species. However, predation has been explored only in a few species.

Endothelial toll-like receptor 4 maintains lung integrity via epigenetic suppression of p16.

We previously reported that the canonical innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is critical in maintaining lung integrity. However, the molecular mechanisms via which TLR4 mediates its effect remained unclear. In the present study, we identified distinct contributions of lung endothelial cells (Ec) and epithelial cells TLR4 to pulmonary homeostasis using genetic-specific, lung- and cell-targeted in vivo methods.

Effects of lowering inspiratory oxygen fraction during microvascular decompression on postoperative gas exchange: A pre-post study.

Background: Despite many previous studies, the optimal oxygen fraction during general anesthesia remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lowering intraoperative fraction of inspired oxygen on postoperative gas exchange in patients undergoing microvascular decompression (MVD).

Methods: We conducted a pre-post study to compare postoperative gas exchange with different intraoperative oxygen fractions.

Differential feeding by common heterotrophic protists on 12 different Alexandrium species.

The genus Alexandrium often forms harmful algal blooms causing human illness and large-scale mortality of fish and shellfish. Thus, Alexandrium bloom dynamics are primary concerns for scientists, government officials, aquaculture farmers, and the public. To understand bloom dynamics, mortality due to predation needs to be assessed; however, interactions between many Alexandrium species and their potential predators have not previously been reported.

Feeding by common heterotrophic protists on the mixotrophic alga Gymnodinium smaydae (Dinophyceae), one of the fastest growing dinoflagellates.

Gymnodinium smaydae is one of the fastest growing dinoflagellates. However, its population dynamics are affected by both growth and mortality due to predation. Thus, feeding by common heterotrophic dinoflagellates Gyrodinium dominans, Gyrodinium moestrupii, Oblea rotunda, Oxyrrhis marina, and Polykrikos kofoidii, and the naked ciliate Pelagostrobilidium sp.

Feeding by the heterotrophic nanoflagellate Katablepharis remigera on algal prey and its nationwide distribution in Korea.

Heterotrophic nanoflagellates are ubiquitous in natural waters, and most heterotrophic nanoflagellates are known to grow on bacteria. Recently, the heterotrophic nanoflagellate Katablepharis japonica has been reported to be an effective predator of diverse toxic or harmful algal prey. To date, 7 Katablepharis species have been identified, and therefore important questions arise as to whether other Katablepharis species can feed on algal prey, and further whether the types of prey of other Katablepharis species differ from those of K.

Feeding by the harmful phototrophic dinoflagellate Takayama tasmanica (Family Kareniaceae).

The trophic mode of a phototrophic dinoflagellate is a critical factor in the dynamics of its harmful algal bloom. Recent discoveries of the mixotrophic capabilities of phototrophic dinoflagellates have changed the traditional view of bloom dynamics and prediction models. Here, mixotrophy in the harmful phototrophic dinoflagellate Takayama tasmanica was examined.

Generation of a PXR reporter human induced pluripotent stem cell line (PXR-mCherry hiPSC) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a key nuclear receptor that mediates drug metabolism and stimulates hepatocyte proliferation. However, the lack of PXR expression in human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes limits their application for drug screening and toxicity testing. Here, we generated a PXR-mCherry reporter human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Newly discovered role of the heterotrophic nanoflagellate Katablepharis japonica, a predator of toxic or harmful dinoflagellates and raphidophytes.

Heterotrophic nanoflagellates are ubiquitous and known to be major predators of bacteria. The feeding of free-living heterotrophic nanoflagellates on phytoplankton is poorly understood, although these two components usually co-exist. To investigate the feeding and ecological roles of major heterotrophic nanoflagellates Katablepharis spp.

Overexpression of HO-1 Contributes to Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression by Modulating the Th1/Th2 Balance and Regulatory T-Cell Function.

Background: Countervailing anti-inflammatory response and immunosuppression can cause death in late sepsis. Depletion and dysfunction of T cells are critical for developing sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has a regulatory effect on differentiation and function of T cells and anti-inflammatory properties.