Publications by authors named "Kim N"
Article Synopsis
- A systematic evaluation is necessary to understand how different model architectures and training strategies affect the performance of genomics models, prompting the organization of a DREAM Challenge.
- In the challenge, competitors used a vast dataset of yeast DNA sequences and expression levels to train models, with the best models employing various neural network architectures and training approaches.
- The development of the Prix Fixe framework allowed for an in-depth analysis of these models, leading to improved performance, and demonstrating that top models not only excelled on yeast data but also outperformed existing benchmarks in Drosophila and human datasets.
Pediatric MOG-Ab-Associated Encephalitis: Supporting Early Recognition and Treatment.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed children under 18 with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab), focusing on those with encephalitis who didn’t fit the criteria for acute disseminated encephalitis (ADEM), comparing them to those with ADEM.
- Out of 235 MOG-Ab positive patients, 33 had encephalitis and 74 had ADEM, with common symptoms including headache, seizures, and fever; 24% had a normal initial brain MRI.
- Findings indicated that children with encephalitis were generally older, more often admitted to intensive care, and had a delayed start of steroid treatment, suggesting MOG-Ab testing is essential for suspected encephalitis
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM), a primary malignant brain tumor, has a poor prognosis, even with standard treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, we explored the anticancer effects of the synergistic combination of perphenazine (PER), a dopamine receptor D2/3 (DRD2/3) antagonist, and temozolomide (TMZ), a standard treatment for GBM, in patient-derived human GBM tumorspheres (TSs).
Methods: The biological effects of the combination of PER and TMZ in GBM TSs were assessed by measuring cell viability, ATP, stemness, invasiveness, and apoptosis.
Article Synopsis
- Recent research shows that nitric oxide (NO) can trigger immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells by causing stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and destabilizing the mitochondrial membrane.
- Because NO is unstable, the study introduces a new delivery method using a cell-penetrating polypeptide called poly(l-guanidine) (PLG), which can generate NO inside cells.
- The helical structure of PLG not only penetrates cells but also creates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to the production of NO, effectively inducing ICD through combined mechanisms involving ER stress and mitochondrial disruption.
Article Synopsis
- Fimbriimonadales bacteria are commonly found in anammox reactors, but their specific roles in nitrogen removal processes were not well understood before this study.
- Research showed that these bacteria initially increased in abundance, but decreased towards the end of the reactor operation as anammox bacteria became more dominant.
- The study concluded that Fimbriimonadales might enhance nitrogen removal by competing for nitrates, utilizing a process called dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA).
Article Synopsis
- Arynes are crucial for efficiently fusing (hetero)arenes with various substrates, helping create complex molecular structures useful in optoelectronic materials and bioactive compounds.
- The review covers methods and mechanisms for using multiple arynes in organic reactions, emphasizing the need for precise control to avoid unwanted side reactions.
- It categorizes aryne reactions and provides insights into the selection of aryne precursors, aiming to support advanced synthetic designs involving multiple arynes.
Complete genome sequence of a high-risk ST10 isolated from avian feces in Pakistan.
Microbiol Resour Announc
November 2024
We present the complete genome sequence of strain PEC1009 isolated from avian feces in Pakistan. The strain belongs to sequence type (ST) 10, a high-risk clone. The strain possesses two plasmids, and various plasmid-borne antibiotic resistance genes and chromosome-borne virulence factor genes were identified in its genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancement of an alkaline water splitting reaction in Pt-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) relies on effective metal-support interactions. A Pt single atom (Pt)-immobilized three-phased Pt@VP-NiP-MoP heterostructure on nickel foam is presented, demonstrating high catalytic performance. The existence of Pt on triphasic metal phosphides gives an outstanding performance toward overall water splitting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The article on page 327 in volume 24 had some mistakes that needed fixing.
- This new information is meant to correct those errors.
- The reference number for this corrected article is PMID: 38960891.
This study presents an organocatalytic C-H functionalization approach for postpolymerization modification (PPM) of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Most of PEO PPM is previously processed at the end hydroxy group, but recent advances in C-H functionalization open a way to modify the backbone position. Structurally diverse carboxylic acids are attached to PEO through a cascade process of radical generation by peroxide and oxidation to oxocarbenium by tertiary butylammonium iodide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRight ventricle (RV)-to-pulmonary artery (PA) coupling measured by the ratio of echocardiography-derived tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is a meaningful prognostic marker in pulmonary hypertension (PH). It's unclear if balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) alters RV-PA coupling measured by TAPSE/PASP. We reviewed CTEPH patients treated with BPA at our institution who had a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) before BPA and a follow-up TTE at any point during BPA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are key players in liver fibrosis, and the study investigates how CCCP, a mitochondrial uncoupler, affects mitophagy in these cells.
- CCCP treatment leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in HSCs, evidenced by decreased mitochondrial function and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), while also triggering mitophagy but disrupting its later stages due to lysosomal impairment.
- The study found that CCCP elevates the fibrogenic marker plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in HSCs, which is linked to lysosomal dysfunction rather than changes in gene expression, suggesting that targeting CCCP-related pathways could be a potential strategy for treating liver fibrosis.
Heterotrophic microorganisms are frequently observed in hydrogenotrophic denitrification systems and are presumed to contribute to their improved performance. However, their roles and metabolic pathways in the hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (HMBfR) system remain unclear. The objective of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving heterotrophic denitrification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShuffled ECA-Net for stress detection from multimodal wearable sensor data.
Comput Biol Med
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Stress is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor contributing to both individual and societal problems, prompting the development of improved methods for psychological stress detection that utilize wearable sensors and salivary cortisol tests.
- Researchers created a deep neural network, called shuffled ECA-Net, which enhances stress detection through advanced feature-level sensor fusion, allowing for better integration of various bio-signals collected from participants in different mental states.
- The model demonstrated strong performance metrics, achieving high accuracy and sensitivity in detecting stress, indicating that the combination of multiple sensors and the new DNN architecture could effectively address stress-related challenges.
Article Synopsis
- Radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer can lead to cardiac issues like atrial fibrillation, prompting a study to create predictive models using patient-specific data.
- Two cohorts (321 and 187 patients) were analyzed using both machine learning and deep learning approaches, overcoming class imbalance with synthetic oversampling and focusing on the most influential features during model training.
- The hybrid deep learning model outperformed the machine learning model in predicting atrial fibrillation, with maximum doses to the heart and sinoatrial node identified as key predictive factors across both internal and external datasets.
Investigation of cell-to-cell transfer of polystyrene microplastics through extracellular vesicle-mediated communication.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Plastics are increasingly prevalent in our lives, breaking down into microplastics (MPs) that spread in the environment, exposing all living organisms to their effects.* -
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny particles released by cells that aid in communication and can transport proteins and other materials between cells.* -
- This study found that polystyrene microplastics can be transferred between cells through EVs, suggesting they may contribute to adverse health effects, and highlights the need for further research in this area.*
While some forms of invasive or in situ carcinoma of the breast may be partly composed of signet-ring cells, signet-ring cells rarely become a prominent feature of pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). We report a rare example of pleomorphic LCIS composed predominantly of signet-ring cells with a papillary pattern mimicking ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A 58-year-old woman presented with a mass in the left breast detected by ultrasonography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPowder bed fusion with a laser beam (PBF-LB) is a widely used metal additive manufacturing method for fabricating complex three-dimensional components with a variety of metallic powders. However, metal parts fabricated by PBF-LB often present surface quality problems because of the layer-wise building process and the occurrence of partially unmelted powder particles. To reduce the surface roughness, surface post-processing is required, which incurs additional time and cost.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study focused on identifying factors that predict late intrahepatic recurrence (IHR) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring over two years after curative treatment.
- It involved analysis of 2,304 patients who received curative treatment and were monitored for more than two years, revealing that 35.4% experienced late IHR.
- Key prognostic factors for late IHR included age, male sex, cirrhosis at diagnosis, type of treatment, and modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade measured at three and six months post-treatment.
Dexmedetomidine alleviates CoCl2-induced hypoxic cellular damage in INS-1 cells by regulating autophagy.
Korean J Anesthesiol
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- Ischemia-reperfusion injury during surgery can damage pancreatic cells, and autophagy, which is a cell's self-repair mechanism, plays a significant role in this process, especially under hypoxic conditions.
- This study investigates how dexmedetomidine, a sedative, impacts pancreatic β-cell health by regulating autophagy when exposed to hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride.
- Results show that dexmedetomidine helps protect these cells by reducing harmful autophagy levels and preventing cell death, suggesting it could have potential therapeutic benefits worth exploring further in clinical settings.
Background: High sodium and low potassium consumption are related to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the relationship between the frequency of salt addition and potassium consumption with the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods: Our study used the UK Biobank cohort, which included over 500,000 individuals enrolled from the United Kingdom between 2006 and 2010.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic implications of regional nodal irradiation (RNI) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with residual triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Materials And Methods: We analyzed 152 patients with residual TNBC who underwent breast-conserving surgery after NAC between December 2008 and December 2017. Most patients (n = 133; 87.
Diosmetin (DIOS), a natural flavonoid monomer derived from lemons and present in various plants such as spearmint and spider moss, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging properties. Nonetheless, its impact on early embryonic development in pigs remains unexplored. This study aimed to determine the influence of DIOS supplementation in an in vitro culture (IVC) medium on porcine embryo development and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Conducted at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2017 to 2021, the retrospective study involved analyzing 436 CAP patients’ antibiotic prescriptions against established guidelines and examining clinical outcomes.
- * Results indicated that over 55% of patients experienced changes to their antibiotic treatment, with inappropriate prescriptions linked to extended hospital stays and longer treatment durations, highlighting the need for better initial antibiotic choices.