Efficient isolation of protoplasts and the application to subcellular localization of .

Background: is a woody ornamental plant, which is widely used in urban landscaping. However, its lengthy juvenile period and recalcitrance to regeneration impedes functional characterization of its genes.

Results: We developed an efficient protoplast isolation and transient expression system for  ×  'Yellow River'.

Effect of biochar on the extractability of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and enzyme activity in soil.

Biochar is a carbon-rich solid material derived from the pyrolysis of agricultural and forest residual biomass. Previous studies have shown that biochar is suitable as an adsorbent for soil contaminants such as heavy metals and consequently reduces their bioavailability. However, the long-term effect of different biochars on metal extractability or soil health has not been assessed.

Subcellular distribution of metals within Brassica chinensis L. in response to elevated lead and Chromium Stress.

Differential centrifugation and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SRXRF) microprobe were used to study the distribution of the elements in tissue cross sections of pakchoi ( Brassica chinensis L.) under stress of elevated Pb and Cr. Subcellular fractionation of the different tissues grown in a nutrient solution containing 200 mg L(-1) Pb or 5 mg L(-1) Cr showed that 86.