Enrichment and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis of phosphatidylinositol bisphosphates in brain tissue.

Triazolium α-cyclodextrin click cluster-magnetic agarose bead conjugate (CCC-MAB) was used to enrich phosphatidylinositol bisphosphates in brain tissue. The enriched sample was phosphate-methylated and analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS in positive ion mode. CCC-MAB effectively removed weak-binding interferences from the phosphoinositide extract and improved the signal-to-noise ratio.

A Novel Ferrocene-Linked Thionine as a Dual Redox Mediator for the Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine and Hydrogen Peroxide.

We introduce a novel dual redox mediator synthesized by covalently linking ferrocene dicarboxylic acid (FcDA) and thionine (TH) onto a pre-treated glassy carbon electrode. This unique structure significantly enhances the electro-oxidation of dopamine (DA) and the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (HO), offering a sensitive detection method for both analytes. The electrode exhibits exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, demonstrating potential for practical applications in biosensing.

Genome Analysis of a Newly Sequenced B. subtilis SRCM117797 and Multiple Public B. subtilis Genomes Unveils Insights into Strain Diversification and Biased Core Gene Distribution.

The bacterium Bacillus subtilis is a widely used study model and industrial workhorse organism that belongs to the group of gram-positive bacteria. In this study, we report the analysis of a newly sequenced complete genome of B. subtilis strain SRCM117797 along with a comparative genomics of a large collection of B.

Systematic Proteome Profiling of Maternal Plasma for Development of Preeclampsia Biomarkers.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with various clinical symptoms. However, traditional markers for the disease including high blood pressure and proteinuria are poor indicators of the related adverse outcomes. Here, we performed systematic proteome profiling of plasma samples obtained from pregnant women with PE to identify clinically effective diagnostic biomarkers.

Quercetin as the primary xanthine oxidase inhibitor compound in leaf.

(MT) leaf demonstrated various health benefits, notably the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity, which is crucial in the management of hyperuricaemia and many diseases related to oxidative stress. This study aimed to identify the primary compound responsible for this inhibitory effect. Through a systematic investigation, MT leaf extracts were subjected to solvent-solvent partitioning using ethyl acetate, -hexane, -butanol, and dichloromethane.

Paraoxonase-2 agonist vutiglabridin promotes autophagy activation and mitochondrial function to alleviate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background And Purpose: Only limited therapeutic agents have been developed for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Glabridin, a promising anti-obesity candidate, has only limited druggability due to its low in vivo chemical stability and bioavailability. Therefore, we developed vutiglabridin (VUTI), which is based on a glabridin backbone, and investigated its mechanism of action in treating NASH in animal models.

Novel Detection Protocol for Erwinia amylovora in Orchard Soil after Removal of Infected Trees.

Fire blight is a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora. In Korea, fire blight was first reported in 2015 in an orchard. If the infection is confirmed, all trees in the orchard must be removed and the orchard must remain closed for 3 years.

Extracellular vesicle proteins as breast cancer biomarkers: Mass spectrometry-based analysis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-surrounded vesicles released by various cell types into the extracellular microenvironment. Although EVs vary in size, biological function, and components, their importance in cancer progression and the potential use of EV molecular species to serve as novel cancer biomarkers have become increasingly evident. Cancer cells actively release EVs into surrounding tissues, which play vital roles in cancer progression and metastasis, including invasion and immune modulation.

SIRT1 regulates the localization and stability of telomerase protein by direct interaction.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) not only upholds telomeric equilibrium but also plays a pivotal role in multiple non-canonical cellular mechanisms, particularly in the context of aging, cancer, and genomic stability. Though depletion of SIRT1 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts has demonstrated telomere shortening, the impact of SIRT1 on enabling TERT to regulate telomeric homeostasis remains enigmatic. Here, we reveal that SIRT1 directly interacts with TERT, and promotes the nuclear localization and stability of TERT.

Bacteriophage Cocktail Comprising Fifi044 and Fifi318 for Biocontrol of Erwinia amylovora.

Erwinia amylovora is a plant pathogen that causes fire blight on apples and pears. Bacteriophages, which are viruses that selectively infect specific species of bacteria and are harmless to animal cells, have been considered as biological control agents for the prevention of bacterial pathogens. In this study, we aimed to use bacteriophages that infect E.

Enrichment and MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Phosphoinositides in Brain Tissue.

Triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster () is an ideal scaffold to specifically bind phosphoinositides (PIPs) via multivalent electrostatic interaction. A new enrichment material, triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster-magnetic agarose bead conjugate (), was synthesized and applied to the PIP enrichment of brain tissue. The enriched sample was analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS in negative ion mode without any derivatization.

Radiological safety assessment for transportation of reactor pressure vessel during decommissioning of a nuclear power plant in Korea.

In Korea, decommissioning of nuclear power plants and transportation of the decommissioning waste are expected to expand in the near future. It is necessary to confirm that radiological risks to the public and workers are not significant through radiological safety assessment. The objective of this study is to assess the radiological safety for transportation of RPV waste, which is a major decommissioning waste with relatively high level of radioactivity.

RNA-dependent proteome solubility maintenance in lysates analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry: Proteomic characterization in terms of isoelectric point, structural disorder, functional hub, and chaperone network.

Protein aggregation, a consequence of misfolding and impaired proteostasis, can lead to cellular malfunctions such as various proteinopathies. The mechanisms protecting proteins from aggregation in complex cellular environments have long been investigated, often from a protein-centric viewpoint. However, our study provides insights into a crucial, yet overlooked actor: RNA.

Risk of hematologic malignant neoplasms from head CT radiation in children and adolescents presenting with minor head trauma: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Objectives: The carcinogenic risks of CT radiation in children and adolescents remain debated. We aimed to assess the carcinogenic risk of CTs performed in children and adolescents with minor head trauma.

Methods: In this nationwide population-based cohort study, we included 2,411,715 patients of age 0-19 with minor head trauma from 2009 to 2017.

Constitutive activation mechanism of a class C GPCR.

Class C G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are activated through binding of agonists to the large extracellular domain (ECD) followed by rearrangement of the transmembrane domains (TMDs). GPR156, a class C orphan GPCR, is unique because it lacks an ECD and exhibits constitutive activity. Impaired GPR156-G signaling contributes to loss of hearing.

Assessment of Radiation Doses to the General Public around Nuclear Power Plants Based on Representative Person Concept.

The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended that the representative person concept should be used in radiation dose assessment of the general public to specify exposed individuals. The objective of this study is to assess radiation doses of the residents around nuclear power plants (NPPs) in relation to the introduction of the representative person concept. Critical group candidates and representative agro-livestock product producing areas were selected around a NPP site by considering radioactive effluents and regional meteorological data, geographical information, etc.

PRKCSH contributes to TNFSF resistance by extending IGF1R half-life and activation in lung cancer.

Tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) resistance contributes to the development and progression of tumors and resistance to various cancer therapies. Tumor-intrinsic alterations involved in the adaptation to the TNFSF response remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (PRKCSH) abundance in lung cancers boosts oncogenic IGF1R activation, leading to TNFSF resistance.

Purine nucleosidase (PNase) activity, probiotics potential, and food applicability of a newly-isolated LAB42.

Hyperuricemia, a condition characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the blood, is known as a risk factor for gout disease. In this study, we isolated a total of 72 MRS-grown colonies and evaluated their purine nucleosidase (PNase) activity. Among the isolated bacteria, LAB42 displayed the highest PNase activity.

Nitrosylation of β2-Tubulin Promotes Microtubule Disassembly and Differentiated Cardiomyocyte Beating in Ischemic Mice.

Background: Beating cardiomyocyte regeneration therapies have revealed as alternative therapeutics for heart transplantation. Nonetheless, the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in cardiomyocyte regeneration has been widely suggested, little has been reported concerning endogenous NO during cardiomyocyte differentiation.

Methods: Here, we used P19CL6 cells and a Myocardiac infarction (MI) model to confirm NO-induced protein modification and its role in cardiac beating.

CREB-Regulated Transcriptional Coactivator 2 Proteome Landscape is Modulated by SREBF1.

cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) regulated transcriptional coactivator 2 (CRTC2) is a critical transcription factor that maintains glucose homeostasis by activating CREB. Energy homeostasis is maintained through multiple pathways; therefore, CRTC2 may interact with other transcription factors, particularly under metabolic stress. CRTC2 liver-specific KO mice were created, and the global proteome, phosphoproteome, and acetylome from liver tissue under high-fat diet conditions were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis.