Machine-learning based prediction of appendicitis for patients presenting with acute abdominal pain at the emergency department.

Background: Acute abdominal pain (AAP) constitutes 5-10% of all emergency department (ED) visits, with appendicitis being a prevalent AAP etiology often necessitating surgical intervention. The variability in AAP symptoms and causes, combined with the challenge of identifying appendicitis, complicate timely intervention. To estimate the risk of appendicitis, scoring systems such as the Alvarado score have been developed.

A multicenter retrospective cohort study on incidence and diagnostics in emergency department patients with acute vestibular syndrome.

Objective: Acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) is a common symptom presented by emergency department (ED) patients. Differentiating peripheral from central etiology poses a challenge and clinical practice lacks a uniform diagnostic approach. This study aims to provide insight on incidence and diagnostics in ED patients presenting with AVS in the Netherlands.

Reduced noise in the emergency department: the impact on staff well-being and room acoustics.

Background And Introduction: The ED is often perceived as noisy. Excessive noise has deleterious effects on health and productivity. This study evaluated if a package of noise-reducing interventions altered workload, physical complaints, productivity and room acoustics.

Exploring Neuroprotective Effects of Topical Brimonidine in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.

Background/aim: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, characterized by neurovascular dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the impact of brimonidine, a selective adrenoceptor agonist, on diabetic retinal neurodegeneration, recognizing the critical role of neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy.

Materials And Methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetes was established in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to mimic diabetic retinopathy.

Motion-Accommodating Dual-Layer Hydrogel Dressing to Deliver Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Wounds.

Background: Current dressing materials cannot secure a cell survival-promoting wound environment for stem cell delivery due to insufficient assimilation to skin motion. The authors developed a novel motion-accommodating dual-layer hydrogel dressing for stem cell delivery into such wounds.

Methods: Dorsal hand skin movement was evaluated to determine the potential range of deformation for a dressing.

Effect of Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Diastolic Function: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: The effect of sevoflurane on left ventricular diastolic function is not well understood. We hypothesized that parameters of diastolic function may improve under sevoflurane anesthesia in patients with preexisting diastolic dysfunction compared to patients with normal diastolic function.

Methods: This observational study included 60 patients undergoing breast surgery or laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The arousal effect of sugammadex reversal of neuromuscular blockade differs with anesthetic depth in propofol-remifentanil anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Sugammadex reverses neuromuscular blockade by encapsulating steroidal neuromuscular blockers; therefore, it does not pharmacologically affect sedation levels. However, some clinicians avoid using it because of sudden unwanted acting out or patient arousal. Previous studies suggested sugammadex-induced awakening, but frontal muscle contraction after sugammadex administration compromised reliability of results obtained from EEG-based anesthesia depth monitoring tools like bispectral index (BIS).

Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Fatty Liver Diseases in Gastric Cancer Survivors: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background/aims: To investigate the risk of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver diseases in gastric cancer survivors compared to non-cancer subjects.

Methods: The data from the health screening registry of the Gangnam Severance Hospital from 2014-2019 was used. Ninety-one gastric cancer survivors and a propensity-score-matching 445 non-cancer subjects were analyzed.

Comparison of Early and Late Surgeries after Coronary Stent Implantation in Patients with Normal Preoperative Troponin Level: A Retrospective Study.

Current guidelines recommend delaying noncardiac surgery for 6 months after drug eluting stent implantation. However, this recommendation is largely based on limited evidence and various event definitions. Whether early surgery within 6 months of coronary stent implantation increases myocardial injury in patients with normal preoperative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) has not yet been investigated.

Safety of Rigid Bronchoscopy for Therapeutic Intervention at the Intensive Care Unit Bedside.

: Although rigid bronchoscopy is generally performed in the operating room (OR), the intervention is sometimes emergently required at the intensive care unit (ICU) bedside. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of rigid bronchoscopy at the ICU bedside. : We retrospectively analyzed medical records of patients who underwent rigid bronchoscopy while in the ICU from January 2014 to December 2020.

AT9283, 1-Cyclopropyl-3-(3-(5-(Morpholinomethyl)-1H-Benzo[d]Imidazole-2-yl)-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl) Urea, Inhibits Syk to Suppress Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Response.

Mast cells are an effector cell that plays a pivotal role in type I hypersensitive immune responses. Mast cells exist in connective tissues, such as skin and mucosal tissue, and contain granules which contain bioactive substances such as histamine and heparin in cells. The granules of mast cells are secreted by antigen stimulation to cause the type I allergic hypersensitivity.

The Lack of Analgesic Efficacy of Nefopam after Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery for Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Controlled Trial.

Nefopam is a centrally acting non-opioid analgesic, and its efficacy in multimodal analgesia has been reported. This study aimed to assess the analgesic efficacy of intraoperative nefopam on postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung cancer. Participants were randomly assigned to either the nefopam or the control group.

Driving pressure-guided ventilation and postoperative pulmonary complications in thoracic surgery: a multicentre randomised clinical trial.

Background: Airway driving pressure, easily measured as plateau pressure minus PEEP, is a surrogate for alveolar stress and strain. However, the effect of its targeted reduction remains unclear.

Methods: In this multicentre trial, patients undergoing lung resection surgery were randomised to either a driving pressure group (n=650) receiving an alveolar recruitment/individualised PEEP to deliver the lowest driving pressure or to a conventional protective ventilation group (n=650) with fixed PEEP of 5 cm HO.

Update of the CHIP (CT in Head Injury Patients) decision rule for patients with minor head injury based on a multicenter consecutive case series.

Objective: To update the existing CHIP (CT in Head Injury Patients) decision rule for detection of (intra)cranial findings in adult patients following minor head injury (MHI).

Methods: The study is a prospective multicenter cohort study in the Netherlands. Consecutive MHI patients of 16 years and older were included.

Novel Chitosan Dermal Filler with Enhanced Moldability and Elasticity.

Currently, dermal fillers are largely based on commercialized cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) injections, which require a large injection force. Additionally, HA can be easily decomposed by enzymes, and HA-treated tissues present a risk of developing granuloma. In this study, a chitosan-based dermal filler is presented that operates on a liquid-to-gel transition and allows the injection force to be kept ≈4.

Continuous Titration of Inspired Oxygen Using Oxygen Reserve Index to Decrease Oxygen Exposure During One-Lung Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: A high fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) is administered during one-lung ventilation (OLV). However, a high Fio2 is not physiologic and may lead to various complications. We hypothesized that continuous titration of Fio2 using the oxygen reserve index (ORI) reduces oxygen exposure compared to conventional management during OLV.

Preemptive Administration of Albumin during Pancreatectomy Does Not Reduce Postoperative Complications: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Despite the empirical use of human albumin during pancreatectomy to replace intraoperative volume loss while preventing fluid overload and edema, its impact on postoperative outcomes remains unclear. In addition, most previous studies have focused on the effects of therapeutic albumin usage. Here, we investigated whether preemptive administration of human albumin to prevent edema during pancreatectomy could reduce the incidence of moderate postoperative complications.

The impact of pulmonary function tests on early postoperative complications in open lung resection surgery: an observational cohort study.

We investigated whether pulmonary function tests (PFTs) can predict pulmonary complications and if they are, to find new cutoff values in current open lung resection surgery. In this observational study, patients underwent open lung resection surgery at a tertiary hospital were analyzed (n = 1544). Various PFTs were tested by area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) to predict pulmonary complications until 30 days postoperatively.

Efficacy of a laser with a pulse duration of 300 ps in skin rejuvenation and treatment of pigmentation disorders in Asians: a series of four cases.

The photothermal effect of lasers is minimized and the photoacoustic effect is maximized as the pulse duration is shortened. Therefore, picosecond lasers with a short pulse and high peak power can be used to effectively treat various pigment disorders by reducing tissue damage. The first picosecond lasers were used for tattoo removal; they are also widely used for pigment treatment because of their reduced side effects compared with nanosecond lasers.

Pressure Support versus Spontaneous Ventilation during Anesthetic Emergence-Effect on Postoperative Atelectasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Despite previous reports suggesting that pressure support ventilation facilitates weaning from mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit, few studies have assessed its effects on recovery from anesthesia. The authors hypothesized that pressure support ventilation during emergence from anesthesia reduces postoperative atelectasis in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery using the Trendelenburg position.

Methods: In this randomized controlled double-blinded trial, adult patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy or robot-assisted prostatectomy were assigned to either the pressure support (n = 50) or the control group (n = 50).

The application of SFDI and LSI system to evaluate the blood perfusion in skin flap mouse model.

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the blood perfusion to tissues for detecting ischemic necrosis can be quantitatively monitored by spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) in a skin flap mouse model. Skin flaps were made on Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Using SFDI and LSI, the following parameters were estimated: oxyhemoglobin (HbO), deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), total hemoglobin (THb), tissue oxygen saturation (StO), and speckle flow index (SFI).

Perioperative high inspired oxygen fraction induces atelectasis in patients undergoing abdominal surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: We evaluated the feasibility of use and effects on postoperative atelectasis and complications of lower inspired oxygen fraction (FIO) compared to conventional oxygen therapy.

Design: Single center, randomized clinical trial.

Setting: University hospital, operating room and postoperative recovery area.