Epidemiology of traumatic cervical artery dissections.

Introduction: Unlike spontaneous cervical artery dissection (CeAD), the incidence of CeAD after a major trauma is not well characterized. This population-based observational study investigates the epidemiology and natural history of traumatic cervical artery dissection (CeADs) using data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) in Olmsted County, USA.

Methods: The REP system database has a high likelihood of complete case ascertainment and comparable demographics (age, sex) to the US population.

Sex differences in the epidemiology of spontaneous and traumatic cervical artery dissections.

Background: Recent studies show cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is equally common between sexes, and that the incidence of CeAD has risen at a greater rate in females than males. In this population-based study, we identify sex differences in patients diagnosed with spontaneous and traumatic CeAD.

Methods: 144 patients with spontaneous or traumatic CeAD were studied for sex differences in medical comorbidities, presenting symptoms and outcomes.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Antibodies Associated With Malignancy and Older Age: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) is an established cause of thrombosis and hypercoagulability. However, the clinical characteristics of those with APLS or patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) in the embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) have not been well studied.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020, across all three Mayo Clinic sites.

Opioid-Associated Nervous System Injuries.

With the rise of the opioid epidemic, the practicing neurologist must recognize the patterns of a growing number of opioid-associated neurological injuries. This is in addition to the classic toxidrome of miosis, altered mental status, and respiratory depression, which must never be overlooked, as it is reversible and potentially lifesaving. Several other idiosyncratic syndromes due to opioid-related nervous system insults are defined by their characteristic imaging findings and portend variable functional recovery.

Antithrombotic Treatment for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection: The STOP-CAD Study.

Background: Small, randomized trials of patients with cervical artery dissection showed conflicting results regarding optimal stroke prevention strategies. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with cervical artery dissection treated with antiplatelets versus anticoagulation.

Methods: This is a multicenter observational retrospective international study (16 countries, 63 sites) that included patients with cervical artery dissection without major trauma.

Epidemiology of Spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissection: Population-Based Study.

Background: Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) represents up to 15% to 25% of ischemic strokes in people under the age of 50 years. Noninvasive vessel imaging is increasingly used in clinical practice, but the impact on the frequency of detection of CeAD is unknown. In 2006, the yearly incidence rate of CeAD was estimated at 2.

Global analysis of the yeast knockout phenome.

Genome-wide phenotypic screens in the budding yeast , enabled by its knockout collection, have produced the largest, richest, and most systematic phenotypic description of any organism. However, integrative analyses of this rich data source have been virtually impossible because of the lack of a central data repository and consistent metadata annotations. Here, we describe the aggregation, harmonization, and analysis of ~14,500 yeast knockout screens, which we call Yeast Phenome.

A genome-scale yeast library with inducible expression of individual genes.

The ability to switch a gene from off to on and monitor dynamic changes provides a powerful approach for probing gene function and elucidating causal regulatory relationships. Here, we developed and characterized YETI (Yeast Estradiol strains with Titratable Induction), a collection in which > 5,600 yeast genes are engineered for transcriptional inducibility with single-gene precision at their native loci and without plasmids. Each strain contains SGA screening markers and a unique barcode, enabling high-throughput genetics.

Learning causal networks using inducible transcription factors and transcriptome-wide time series.

We present IDEA (the Induction Dynamics gene Expression Atlas), a dataset constructed by independently inducing hundreds of transcription factors (TFs) and measuring timecourses of the resulting gene expression responses in budding yeast. Each experiment captures a regulatory cascade connecting a single induced regulator to the genes it causally regulates. We discuss the regulatory cascade of a single TF, Aft1, in detail; however, IDEA contains > 200 TF induction experiments with 20 million individual observations and 100,000 signal-containing dynamic responses.

Dual threshold optimization and network inference reveal convergent evidence from TF binding locations and TF perturbation responses.

A high-confidence map of the direct, functional targets of each transcription factor (TF) requires convergent evidence from independent sources. Two significant sources of evidence are TF binding locations and the transcriptional responses to direct TF perturbations. Systematic data sets of both types exist for yeast and human, but they rarely converge on a common set of direct, functional targets for a TF.

Accuracy of Spectral-Domain OCT of the Macula for Detection of Complete Posterior Vitreous Detachment.

Purpose: To assess the accuracy of macular spectral-domain OCT in detecting complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).

Design: Evaluation of diagnostic test or technology using a retrospective comparative study.

Participants: One hundred seventy-five eyes in 175 patients (111 women and 64 men; mean age, 65 years) with preoperative OCT within 90 days of vitrectomy.

A new experimental platform facilitates assessment of the transcriptional and chromatin landscapes of aging yeast.

Replicative aging of is an established model system for eukaryotic cellular aging. A limitation in yeast lifespan studies has been the difficulty of separating old cells from young cells in large quantities. We engineered a new platform, the Miniature-chemostat Aging Device (MAD), that enables purification of aged cells at sufficient quantities for genomic and biochemical characterization of aging yeast populations.

Faux-Pas Test: A Proposal of a Standardized Short Version.

Previous research on theory of mind suggests that people with schizophrenia have difficulties with complex mentalization tasks that involve the integration of cognition and affective mental states. One of the tools most commonly used to assess theory of mind is the Faux-Pas Test. However, it presents two main methodological problems: 1) the lack of a standard scoring system; 2) the different versions are not comparable due to a lack of information on the stories used.

Self-bias and the emotionality of foreign languages.

Foreign language contexts impose a relative psychological and emotional distance in bilinguals. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that the use of a foreign language changes the strength of the seemingly automatic emotional responses in the self-paradigm, showing a robust asymmetry in the self-bias effect in a native and a foreign language context. Namely, larger effects were found in the native language, suggesting an emotional blunting in the foreign language context.

Fractional anisotropy to quantify cervical spondylotic myelopathy severity.

Background: A number of clinical tools exist for measuring the severity of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Several studies have recently described the use of non-invasive imaging biomarkers to assess severity of disease. These imaging markers may provide an additional tool to measure disease progression and represent a surrogate marker of response to therapy.