Acute sport-related concussion alters cardiac contribution to cerebral oxygenation during repeated squat stands.

Assessment of cerebral oxygenation during repeated squat stands following an acute sport-related concussion (SRC) has the potential to identify physiological changes following SRC. All varsity university athletes completed a pre-season assessment and 53 were followed up within 5-days of suffering an SRC. Of the 53 participants, 29 had continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP; sampled at 200 hz) collected by finger photoplethysmography, and 53 had right prefrontal cortex oxygenation collected by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS; sampled at 10 hz).

Pharmacological and physiological effects of cannabidiol: a dose escalation, placebo washout study protocol.

Background: Cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and have the potential to act as a therapeutic following mild traumatic brain injury. There is limited evidence available on the pharmacological, physiological and psychological effects of escalating CBD dosages in a healthy, male, university athlete population. Furthermore, no dosing regimen for CBD is available with implications of improving physiological function.

Sport-related concussion alters cerebral hemodynamic activity during controlled respiration.

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is known to disrupt neurohemodynamic activity, cardiac function, and blood pressure (BP) autoregulation. This study aims to observe changes in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular responses during controlled respiration after sustaining an SRC. University varsity athletes ( = 81) completed a preseason physiological assessment and were followed up within 5 days of sustaining an SRC.

Safety of hypoxic red blood cell administration in patients with transfusion-dependent hematological malignancies: An interim analysis.

Anemia is a common symptom of hematological malignancies and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is the primary supportive treatment, with many patients becoming transfusion dependent. Hemanext Inc. (Lexington, MA, United States) has developed a CE mark certified device to process and store RBCs hypoxically - citrate-phosphatedextrose (CPD)/phosphate-adenine-glucose-guanosine-saline-mannitol (PAGGSM) RBCs, leukocytes-reduced (LR), O/CO reduced - with the aim of improving RBC quality for transfusion.

Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Baroreflex Sensitivity between Male and Female Athletes.

Heart rate variability (HRV), systolic blood pressure variability (BPV), and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) are indirect and approximate measures of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system. Studies have shown differences in HRV and BRS between males and females; however, no study has observed differences in BPV, HRV, or BRS between male and female athletes. One hundred males (age 21.

Alterations in Baroreflex Sensitivity and Blood Pressure Variability Following Sport-Related Concussion.

Current methods to diagnose concussions are subjective and difficult to confirm. A variety of physiological biomarkers have been reported, but with conflicting results. This study assessed heart rate variability (HRV), spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and systolic blood pressure variability (BPV) in concussed athletes.

The effectiveness of 3D multiple object tracking training on decision-making in soccer.

Background: Soccer requires athletes to make quick decisions in dynamic environments. Several off-court technology-based interventions have been developed to train these perceptual cognitive skills. However, the evidence for training transfer using technologies to athletic performance has been sparse.

Effectiveness of Three-Dimensional Multiple-Object Tracking in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Trial.

Background: Computerized cognitive training remains an attractive supplemental modality to enhance rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of the present study was to assess the usability of three-dimensional multiple-object tracking (3D-MOT) in patients with MS.

Methods: In this pilot study, 16 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and nine age-matched controls participated in four 30-minute training sessions of 3D-MOT.

Can Multiple Object Tracking Predict Laparoscopic Surgical Skills?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between multiple object tracking (MOT) and simulated laparoscopic surgery skills.

Methods: A total of 29 second-year medical students were recruited for this study. The participants completed 3 rounds of a three-dimensional MOT and a simulated laparoscopic surgery task.

Factorial validity and gender invariance of the center for epidemiological studies depression in cardiac rehabilitation patients.

Purpose: To find a best-fitting factor structure of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) and test whether this structure is invariant across gender in a cardiac rehabilitation population.

Methods: We examined the data from 920 participants of a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program. Fourteen confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to examine existing factor solutions from the literature.

Exploring a model linking social physique anxiety, drive for muscularity, drive for thinness and self-esteem among adolescent boys and girls.

This study examined gender differences on body image measures, and tested a model where self-esteem influences social physique anxiety (SPA), which in turn influences drive for muscularity and drive for thinness in a sample of adolescents (N=329; 58% boys). Multi-group invariance analyses indicated that the measurement and structural models were partially invariant for boys and girls, allowing for gender comparisons. Results indicated that boys reported significantly lower drive for thinness and SPA, and higher drive for muscularity and self-esteem compared to girls.

Effect of sugar-free Red Bull energy drink on high-intensity run time-to-exhaustion in young adults.

Consuming sugar-free Red Bull energy drink before exercise has become increasingly popular among exercising individuals. The main purported active ingredient in sugar-free Red Bull is caffeine, which has been shown to increase aerobic exercise performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sugar-free Red Bull energy drink on high-intensity run time-to-exhaustion in young adults.

Comparison of two nutrition education approaches to reduce dietary fat intake and serum lipids reveals registered dietitians are effective at disseminating information regardless of the educational approach.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare an educational approach based on the Stages of Change Model with usual care education in reducing dietary fat intake and serum lipids in individuals with hyperlipidemia.

Design: A 40-week randomized control study was conducted. Four education sessions were provided on an outpatient basis during a 1-month period with follow-up every 6 weeks.

Dietary supplement use in adolescents.

Purpose Of Review: As prevalence rates of dietary supplement use are observed to be increasing in adolescents and the population in general, questions need to be asked about the efficacy, motivations, and consequences of such usage. Focusing mainly on individuals between the ages of 12 to 19 (adolescents) this review will highlight current prevalence rates, types of supplements being consumed, reasons for consumption, and concerns regarding physiological, psychological, knowledge transfer, and regulatory aspects of supplement use.

Recent Findings: Studies have indicated the prevalence of dietary supplement usage by adolescents range from approximately 10% to as high as 74%.

A look at nutritional supplement use in adolescents.

Purpose: To examine the use of nutritional supplements by adolescents. Supplements examined were those purported to influence performance and body mass.

Methods: 333 adolescents (190 male, 139 female, 4 nonrespondents) between the ages of 13 and 19 years, from a midwestern province in Canada, completed a pencil-and-paper survey.

Factors influencing enrollment in a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program.

In order to encourage enrollment in cardiac rehabilitation exercise programs, it is essential to understand the perceptions of both enrollers and non-enrollers. Factors influencing enrollment in a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program in a northern centre in Canada servicing a large rural area were examined. Letters of invitation to participate in the program were sent to 30 cardiac patients who had enrolled in the program as well as to 30 patients who had met medical clearance criteria and were eligible to participate but who had not enrolled.