The role of the consultant in consultation for an evidence-based treatment for PTSD.

Consultation is an important implementation strategy to improve treatment fidelity and clinical outcomes, yet research has not identified the aspects of consultation that differentially affects clinician skill development and client symptom change. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of the consultant, consultation activities, and consultants' ( = 6) perceptions of consultees ( = 60) on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment fidelity and client outcomes. In addition, we assessed the accuracy of consultants' evaluations of clinicians using the Perceived Enthusiasm, Skill, and Participation scale (P-ESP).

Efficacy of Adjunctive Infliximab vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adults With Bipolar I/II Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: To our knowledge, no study has previously evaluated whether individuals with bipolar depression enriched a priori on the basis of biochemical and/or phenotypic immuno-inflammatory activation would differentially respond to an anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of depressive symptoms.

Objective: To assess the antidepressant efficacy of adjunctive infliximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting tumor necrosis factor, in adults with bipolar I and bipolar II depression and inflammatory conditions.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial of 60 participants was conducted at 2 outpatient tertiary care sites in Canada and the United States.

A clinical model for identifying an inflammatory phenotype in mood disorders.

Increasingly, clinical research has found inflammatory correlates of psychiatric disorders, particularly mood symptomatology. Biological measures may provide greater precision in many cases and may capture clinically-relevant inflammatory signposts, such as central obesity risk, inflammation-associated co-morbid medical conditions, or proinflammatory lifestyle choices. In order to expand understanding of the role of inflammation in mood disorders, we propose a more inclusive clinical model for capturing an inflammatory phenotype of depression by identifying clinically-relevant inflammatory phenotypes grounded in biology.