MMP-9 expression in rat pup incisor teeth is not altered by maternal hypertension or maternal atenolol treatment during pregnancy and lactation.

Hypertension alters tooth formation and Atenolol reduces the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during pregnancy and lactation, and as demonstrated before, increases the microhardness of the SHR offspring's teeth. MMP-9 is overexpressed in different tissues of hypertensive animals and treatment of hypertension substances can reverse this alteration. We hypothesize hypertension alters the expression of MMP-9 in dental structures of SHR offspring and that treating female SHR with atenolol prevents this alteration.

Atenolol increases dental mineralization in male offspring of treated hypertensive rats and normotensive rats.

This study evaluates how atenolol affects dental mineralization in offspring of female spontaneously hypertensive rats (fSHR) and normotensive Wistar rats (fW). fSHR and fW were treated with atenolol (100 mg/Kg/day, orally) during pregnancy and lactation. Non-treated fSHR and fW were the control groups.

In vitro enamel remineralization capacity of composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate and fluoride.

Objectives: This study evaluated the in vitro enamel remineralization capacity of experimental composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) combined or not with fluoride (F).

Materials And Methods: Bovine enamel slabs were selected upon analysis of initial surface hardness (SH1) and after induction of artificial carious lesions (SH2). Experimental resins were as follows: resin C (control—no sodium fluoride (NaF) or TMP), resin F (with 1.

Effect of trimetaphosphate and fluoride association on hydroxyapatite dissolution and precipitation in vitro.

The present study analyzed the action of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) and/or fluoride on hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite powder was suspended in different solutions: deionized water, 500 µg F/mL, 1,100 µg F/mL, 1%TMP, 3%TMP, 500 µg F/mL plus 1%TMP and 500 µg F/mL plus 3%TMP. The pH value of the solutions was reduced to 4.

Effect of resin composites with sodium trimetaphosphate with or without fluoride on hardness, ion release and enamel demineralization.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the addition of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) with or without fluoride on enamel demineralization, and the hardness and release of fluoride and TMP of resin composites.

Methods: Bovine enamel slabs (4 x 3 x 3 mm) were prepared and selected based on initial surface hardness (n = 96). Eight experimental resin composites were formulated, according to the combination of TMP and sodium fluoride (NaF): TMP/NaF-free (control), 1.

Effect of fluoride varnish supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate on enamel erosion and abrasion.

Purpose: To assess in vitro the effect on enamel erosion (ERO) and erosion followed by abrasion (ERO+ABR) of varnishes with different fluoride concentrations, supplemented or not with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP).

Methods: Bovine enamel blocks were randomly divided into six groups according to the type of varnish used: placebo (no F), NaF 5%, NaF 2.5%, NaF 2.

Effect of low-fluoride toothpastes combined with hexametaphosphate on in vitro enamel demineralization.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticaries effect of low-fluoride toothpastes combined with hexametaphosphate (HMP) on enamel demineralization.

Methods: Bovine enamel blocks were subjected to pH cycling and treatment with toothpaste's slurries (15 groups; 2×/day). Toothpaste mixtures contained the following: no fluoride (F) plus HMP (from 0 to 3.

The effects of low-fluoride toothpaste supplemented with calcium glycerophosphate on enamel demineralization.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) in toothpastes with low-fluoride (low-F) concentrations on enamel demineralization by using a bovine enamel and pH cycling model.

Materials And Methods: Experimental toothpastes containing 0 or 500 μg F/g (NaF) and CaGP concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.

Effect of low-fluoride dentifrices supplemented with calcium glycerophosphate on enamel demineralization in situ.

Purpose: To evaluate whether a low-fluoride dentifrice with calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) reduced the demineralization process in situ.

Methods: A cross-over design with four treatment phases of 7 days each was used. Ten volunteers wore palatal devices containing four blocks of bovine dental enamel.

Effect of fluoride gels supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate in reducing demineralization.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of low-fluoride (F) gels supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel demineralization.

Materials And Methods: Bovine enamel blocks (n = 160) were selected based on surface hardness (SH) and divided into eight treatment groups (n = 20 per group): no F or TMP (placebo), 3 % TMP (3 %TMP), 5 % TMP (5 %TMP), 4,500 μg F/g (4,500), 4,500 μg F/g + 3 % TMP (4,500 3 %TMP), 4,500 μg F/g + 5 % TMP (4,500 5 %TMP), 9,000 μg F/g (9,000), and 12,300 μg F/g (acid gel). Blocks were subjected to demineralization/remineralization cycling for 5 days.

Effect of sodium trimetaphosphate on hydroxyapatite solubility: an in vitro study.

This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) with and without fluoride (F) on the concentration of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and F in hydroxyapatite (HA). Synthetic HA powder (0.15 g) was suspended (n=6) in solutions (75 mL) of TMP at 0%, 0.

Anticaries effect of dentifrices with calcium citrate and sodium trimetaphosphate.

Unlabelled: Because of the growing concerns regarding fluoride ingestion by young children and dental fluorosis, it is necessary to develop new dentifrices.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentifrices with calcium citrate (Cacit) and sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel demineralization.

Material And Methods: Enamel blocks (n=70), previously selected through surface hardness analysis, were submitted to daily treatment with dentifrices diluted in artificial saliva and to a pH-cycling model.

Effect of iron on enamel demineralization and remineralization in vitro.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ferrous sulphate on enamel demineralization and remineralization, using pH-cycling models.

Design: Fifty blocks were selected by their initial surface hardness and subjected to a pH-cycling demineralization process. Artificially demineralized lesions were produced in 60 blocks; out of these blocks, the surface hardness of 50 blocks and the cross-sectional hardness of 10 blocks were determined.

Fluoride concentration of some brands of fermented milks available in the market.

Objectives: To evaluate the fluoride ion concentration in some fermented milks present in the market.

Methods: Three brands of 6 fermented milks (Parmalat®-uva, Chamyto®, Paulista®, Batavito®, Yakult®, Vigor Club®) were analyzed. Fluoride concentration was evaluated after facilitated microdiffusion by HDMS.

Evaluation of some properties of fermented milk beverages that affect the demineralization of dental enamel.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the erosive capacity of fermented milk beverages, as well as some of their properties that affect the demineralization of dental enamel (pH, buffering capacity, fluoride, calcium and phosphorus contents). Three different batches of 6 commercial brands of fermented milk beverages were analyzed. pH evaluation was accomplished using a potentiometer.

Evaluation of fermented milk containing probiotic on dental enamel and biofilm: in situ study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to in situ evaluate the pH before and after the application of the fermented milk product; the fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) concentration on the dental biofilm; the demineralisation of the bovine dental enamel.

Design: Ten volunteers wore palatine devices containing four blocks of bovine dental enamel during three phases of 14 days each. In each phase, the treatment was accomplished with either fermented milk A (Yakult), or 20% sucrose solution (control) or fermented milk B (Batavito).

In vitro assessment of an experimental coat applied over fluoride varnishes.

Objective: The time of contact between the product and enamel surface is important in ensuring the efficacy of fluoride varnishes. Thus, some alternatives could avoid fluoride loss to saliva and improve the anticariogenic action of the product. This study evaluated the effect of an experimental coat on the anticariogenic action of fluoride varnishes.

Analysis of fluoride concentration in mother's milk substitutes.

The aim of the present study was to determine the fluoride concentration in some brands of mother's milk substitutes and evaluate the possibility of developing dental fluorosis by consuming these products. The products, all powdered, were divided into 3 groups: infant formulae (group I, n = 7), milk-based (group M, n = 8) and soy-based (group S, n = 3). Samples from 3 cans of different batches of each brand were reconstituted in deionized water and analyzed using the specific electrode method, after hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS) facilitated diffusion.

Dental mineralization and salivary activity are reduced in offspring of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Several pathologies have been diagnosed in children of hypertensive mothers; however, some studies that evaluated the alterations in their oral health are not conclusive. This study analyzed the salivary gland activity and dental mineralization of offsprings of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Thirty-day-old SHR males and Wistar rats were studied.

Effect of fluoridated varnish and silver diamine fluoride solution on enamel demineralization: pH-cycling study.

Objective: In the present investigation, the anticariogenic effect of fluoride released by two products commonly applied in infants was evaluated.

Methods: Bovine sound enamel blocks were randomly allocated to each one of the treatment groups: control (C), varnish (V) and diamine silver fluoride solution (D). The blocks were submitted to pH cycles in an oven at 37 degrees C.

Fluoride dose response in pH-cycling models using bovine enamel.

The aim of this study was to establish methodologies for verification of the fluoride solution dose-response relationship using bovine enamel and pH-cycling models. Six models of the cariogenic challenge were performed, varying the time of demineralization and pH, time of remineralization, composition of de- and remineralization solutions, frequency and time of application of treatment solutions and pH-cycling duration. For the evaluation of the fluoride effect on caries dynamics, two proposed models provided for improvement in standardization of methods leading to a higher level of precision, demonstrating a dose response between treatments with regard to surface microhardness and DeltaZ.

Effect of fluoride and gonadal steroid deficiency on enamel and dentin mineralization of female rats.

The aim of this study was to verify the influence of estrogen deficiency on enamel and dentin microhardness of female rats' incisors, as well as the influence of chronic administration of fluoride on that response. Sham or OVX rats drank distilled water or distilled water with 10 ppm fluoride as NaF, for 90 days. The upper incisors were removed and the specimens submitted to microhardness analysis of enamel and dentin.

Assement of the fluoride concentration and pH in different mouthrinses on the brazilian market.

In this study, the fluoride concentration and pH of 14 commercial brands of mouthrinses were assessed in order to compare them with the values expressed on the labels and with those established by the National Sanitary Surveillance Agency. Forty-two (42) products were obtained from three places, with different manufacturing batches. The fluoride concentration was determined in diluted solutions, using a combined specific electrode for fluoride ion (9609 BN Orion Research) and ion analyzer (290 A Orion Research).

Neuroendocrine alterations impair enamel mineralization, tooth eruption and saliva in rats.

Neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in rats causes definite neuroendocrine disturbances which lead to alterations in many organ systems. The possibility that MSG could affect tooth and salivary gland physiology was examined in this paper. Male and female pups were injected subcutaneously with MSG (4 mg/g BW) once a day at the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th day after birth.