Dynamic transition and Galilean relativity of current-driven skyrmions.

The coupling of conduction electrons and magnetic textures leads to quantum transport phenomena described by the language of emergent electromagnetic fields. For magnetic skyrmions, spin-swirling particle-like objects, an emergent magnetic field is produced by their topological winding, resulting in the conduction electrons exhibiting the topological Hall effect (THE). When the skyrmion lattice (SkL) acquires a drift velocity under conduction electron flow, an emergent electric field is also generated.

Nonreciprocal Phonon Propagation in a Metallic Chiral Magnet.

The phonon magnetochiral effect (MChE) is the nonreciprocal acoustic and thermal transports of phonons caused by the simultaneous breaking of the mirror and time-reversal symmetries. So far, the phonon MChE has been observed only in a ferrimagnetic insulator Cu_{2}OSeO_{3}, where the nonreciprocal response disappears above the Curie temperature of 58 K. Here, we study the nonreciprocal acoustic properties of a room-temperature ferromagnet Co_{9}Zn_{9}Mn_{2} for unveiling the phonon MChE close to room temperature.

Positive temperature coefficient of the thermal conductivity above room temperature in a perovskite cobaltite.

The thermal conductivity above room temperature is investigated for LaCoO-based materials showing spin-state and insulator-metal crossovers. A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of the thermal conductivity is observed during the insulator-metal crossover around 500 K. Our analysis indicates that the phononic thermal transport is also enhanced in addition to the electronic contribution as the insulator-metal crossover takes place.

Real-space determination of the isolated magnetic skyrmion deformation under electric current flow.

The manipulation and control of electron spins, the fundamental building blocks of magnetic domains and spin textures, are at the core of spintronics. Of particular interest is the effect of the electric current on topological magnetic skyrmions, such as the current-induced deformation of isolated skyrmions. The deformation has consequences ranging from perturbed dynamics to modified packing configurations.

Entropy-Assisted, Long-Period Stacking of Honeycomb Layers in an AlB-Type Silicide.

Configurational entropy can impact crystallization processes, tipping the scales between structures of nearly equal internal energy. Using alloyed single crystals of GdPdSi in the AlB-type structure, we explore the formation of complex layer sequences made from alternating, two-dimensional triangular and honeycomb slabs. A four-period and an eight-period stacking sequence are found to be very close in internal energy, the latter being favored by entropy associated with covering the full configuration space of interlayer bonds.

Large Hall and Nernst responses from thermally induced spin chirality in a spin-trimer ferromagnet.

The long-range order of noncoplanar magnetic textures with scalar spin chirality (SSC) can couple to conduction electrons to produce an additional (termed geometrical or topological) Hall effect. One such example is the Hall effect in the skyrmion lattice state with quantized SSC. An alternative route to attain a finite SSC is via the spin canting caused by thermal fluctuations in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic ordering transition.

Type II phosphatidylserine decarboxylase is crucial for the growth and morphogenesis of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans.

Phosphatidylserine decarboxylases (PSDs) catalyze the production of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) from phosphatidylserine (PS) and are crucial for the maintenance of PE levels in fungi. The PSDs are classified into two types; the type I PSDs are conserved from bacteria to humans, while the type II PSDs exist only in fungi and plants. In yeasts, the deletion of type I PSD-encoding genes causes severe growth retardation.

Topological Nernst Effect of the Two-Dimensional Skyrmion Lattice.

The topological Hall effect (THE) and its thermoelectric counterpart, the topological Nernst effect (TNE), are hallmarks of the skyrmion lattice phase (SkL). We observed the giant TNE of the SkL in centrosymmetric Gd_{2}PdSi_{3}, comparable in magnitude to the largest anomalous Nernst signals in ferromagnets. Significant enhancement (suppression) of the THE occurs when doping electrons (holes) to Gd_{2}PdSi_{3}.

Application of a hemodialysis clearance prediction model using quantitative structure-pharmacokinetic relationship analysis.

Hemodialysis (HD) is a method used to remove biogenic substances or blood components that cause disease and some drugs used by patients to treat their diseases. Therefore, dosing schedule must be planned according to HD clearance (CL ) when medical treatment is provided to patients receiving HD. We aimed to clarify the physical properties (eg, octanol-water partition coefficient and molecular electronegativity) or pharmacokinetic parameters (eg, volume of distribution) of compounds affecting CL and to construct a mathematical model to predict CL .

Skyrmion phase and competing magnetic orders on a breathing kagomé lattice.

Magnetic skyrmion textures are realized mainly in non-centrosymmetric, e.g. chiral or polar, magnets.

Skyrmion lattice with a giant topological Hall effect in a frustrated triangular-lattice magnet.

Geometrically frustrated magnets can host complex spin textures, leading to unconventional electromagnetic responses. Magnetic frustration may also promote topologically nontrivial spin states such as magnetic skyrmions. Experimentally, however, skyrmions have largely been observed in noncentrosymmetric lattice structures or interfacial symmetry-breaking heterostructures.

Magnetization-polarization cross-control near room temperature in hexaferrite single crystals.

Mutual control of the electricity and magnetism in terms of magnetic (H) and electric (E) fields, the magnetoelectric (ME) effect, offers versatile low power consumption alternatives to current data storage, logic gate, and spintronic devices. Despite its importance, E-field control over magnetization (M) with significant magnitude was observed only at low temperatures. Here we have successfully stabilized a simultaneously ferrimagnetic and ferroelectric phase in a Y-type hexaferrite single crystal up to 450 K, and demonstrated the reversal of large non-volatile M by E field close to room temperature.

Deformation of the moving magnetic skyrmion lattice in MnSi under electric current flow.

Topological defects are found ubiquitously in various kinds of matter, such as vortices in type-II superconductors, and magnetic skyrmions in chiral ferromagnets. While knowledge on the static behavior of magnetic skyrmions is accumulating steadily, their dynamics under forced flow is still a widely open issue. Here, we report the deformation of the moving magnetic skyrmion lattice in MnSi under electric current flow observed using small-angle neutron scattering.

Reversible Switching of the Magnetic Orientation of Titanate Nanosheets by Photochemical Reduction and Autoxidation.

Optical properties of aqueous colloidal dispersions of 2D electrolytes, if their aspect ratios are extra-large, can be determined by their orientation preferences. Recently, we reported that a colloidal dispersion of diamagnetic titanate(IV) nanosheets (TiNSs), when placed in a magnetic field, is highly anisotropic because TiNS anomalously orients its 2D plane orthogonal to the magnetic flux lines due to its large anisotropic magnetic susceptibility. Herein, we report a serendipitous finding that TiNSs can be in situ photochemically reduced into a paramagnetic species (TiNSs), so that their preference of magnetic orientation changes from orthogonal to parallel.

Disordered skyrmion phase stabilized by magnetic frustration in a chiral magnet.

Magnetic skyrmions are vortex-like topological spin textures often observed to form a triangular-lattice skyrmion crystal in structurally chiral magnets with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Recently, β-Mn structure-type Co-Zn-Mn alloys were identified as a new class of chiral magnet to host such skyrmion crystal phases, while β-Mn itself is known as hosting an elemental geometrically frustrated spin liquid. We report the intermediate composition system CoZnMn to be a unique host of two disconnected, thermal-equilibrium topological skyrmion phases; one is a conventional skyrmion crystal phase stabilized by thermal fluctuations and restricted to exist just below the magnetic transition temperature , and the other is a novel three-dimensionally disordered skyrmion phase that is stable well below .

Current-induced dynamics of skyrmion strings.

Dynamics of string-like objects is an important issue in a broad range of physical systems, including vortex lines in superconductors, viscoelastic polymers, and superstrings in elementary particle physics. In noncentrosymmetric magnets, string forms of magnetic skyrmions are present as topological spin objects, and their current-induced dynamics has recently attracted intense interest. We show in the chiral magnet MnSi that the current-induced deformation dynamics of skyrmion strings results in transport response associated with the real-space Berry phase.

Random Matrix Analysis for Gene Interaction Networks in Cancer Cells.

Investigations of topological uniqueness of gene interaction networks in cancer cells are essential for understanding the disease. Although cancer is considered to originate from the topological alteration of a huge molecular interaction network in cellular systems, the theoretical study to investigate such complex networks is still insufficient. It is necessary to predict the behavior of a huge complex interaction network from the behavior of a finite size network.

Assessment of oral anticoagulation control at pharmacist-managed clinics: A retrospective cohort study.

In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, the ratio of warfarin enantiomers is changed and becomes unstable due to a reduction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 activity of, which contributes to the development of hemorrhagic complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of interventions by clinical pharmacists in addition to guidance by physicians on time in therapeutic range (TTR) control of warfarin therapy for CKD patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This retrospective cohort study included NVAF patients with CKD admitted and discharged from a cardiovascular internal medicine ward between March 2011 and July 2013 in Yokosuka Kyousai Hospital.

[The Significance of Pharmacist Intervention Focused on Improvement of Adverse Events and Cancer Pain].

It was reported that focusing on palliative care for patients with cancer improved their anxiety and depression and prolonged their survival. Similarly, the pharmacist intervention for cancer patients suggested the improvement in anxiety and depression; but, such improvement has not yet been demonstrated by focusing on pharmacist attitudes and behaviors of which the patients were the primary beneficiaries. Therefore, we evaluated the significance of pharmacist intervention focusing on improvement of adverse events and cancer pain.

Large magneto-thermopower in MnGe with topological spin texture.

Quantum states characterized by nontrivial topology produce interesting electrodynamics and versatile electronic functionalities. One source for such remarkable phenomena is emergent electromagnetic field, which is the outcome of interplay between topological spin structures with scalar spin chirality and conduction electrons. However, it has scarcely been exploited for emergent function related to heat-electricity conversion.

Electrical magnetochiral effect induced by chiral spin fluctuations.

Chirality of matter can produce unique responses in optics, electricity and magnetism. In particular, magnetic crystals transmit their handedness to the magnetism via antisymmetric exchange interaction of relativistic origin, producing helical spin orders as well as their fluctuations. Here we report for a chiral magnet MnSi that chiral spin fluctuations manifest themselves in the electrical magnetochiral effect, i.