The state of the science of employment and economic self-sufficiency for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Employment, career advancement, and financial independence are highly valued in the United States. As expectations, they are often instilled at a young age and incentivized throughout adulthood. Despite their importance, employment and economic sufficiency continue to be out of reach for most people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).

Red cell membrane skeletal changes in marathon runners.

Hemolysis in endurance exercise may be related to structural changes in red blood cell (RBC) membrane skeletal proteins. To test this hypothesis, we studied 13 male subjects before and after a marathon race. RBC membrane skeletons were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

A peaceful coexistence? State MR/DD agency trends in integrated employment and facility-based services.

National survey data reported by state MR/DD agencies for integrated and segregated employment and facility-based nonwork services provided during FYs 1988 and 1990 were examined. The percentage and total number of individuals in integrated employment grew significantly across the 2 years. However, there were no significant changes in the percentage or number served in facility-based settings.

State MR/DD agency information systems and available data related to day and employment programs.

The current status of state mental retardation/developmental disability agency information systems related to day and employment programs for persons with disabilities was described, and data regarding the number and characteristics of persons served in different day-employment programs and the funding sources for these persons were summarized. Suggestions were made regarding data utilization and information systems design.

Placement into nonsheltered employment: findings from national employment surveys.

Data from two (1984-1985 and 1985-1986) national surveys of facilities providing vocational services to adults with developmental disabilities were used to analyze employment placement patterns and client-referenced outcomes. Most of these adults were working in sheltered environments; however, 17 to 19% of those served were placed into nonsheltered settings during the respective survey periods. Effects of individual and environmental characteristics on a variety of individual and facility-level employment outcomes were examined.

Trainees' competence in psychiatric case writing.

An assessment was made of 100 case records written by junior medical staff working in a psychiatric teaching hospital. Thirty-nine items were rated, and considerable gaps were found in the records. The Mental State was more poorly recorded than the History; the Formulation and Summary were more satisfactory.