Vibrational spectroscopic profiling of biomolecular interactions between oak powdery mildew and oak leaves.

Oak powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungus , is a prevalent disease affecting oak trees, such as English oak (). While mature oak populations are generally less susceptible to this disease, it can endanger young oak seedlings and new leaves on mature trees. Although disruptions of photosynthate and carbohydrate translocation have been observed, accurately detecting and understanding the specific biomolecular interactions between the fungus and the leaves of oak trees is currently lacking.

Advances in lithographic techniques for precision nanostructure fabrication in biomedical applications.

Nano-fabrication techniques have demonstrated their vital importance in technological innovation. However, low-throughput, high-cost and intrinsic resolution limits pose significant restrictions, it is, therefore, paramount to continue improving existing methods as well as developing new techniques to overcome these challenges. This is particularly applicable within the area of biomedical research, which focuses on sensing, increasingly at the point-of-care, as a way to improve patient outcomes.